Sopris phase
Geographical range | Archaic |
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The Sopris phase (AD 1000-1250) is a Late Ceramic period
Sopris sites
Two Sopris Plains sites found at the Trinidad reservoir, Leone Bluff (site 5LA1211) and site ID 5LA1416, are located in
The Leone Bluff (site 5LA1211) and site ID 5LA1416 sites had evidence of four dwellings identified as Sopris phase occupations from about A.D. 1150 to 1300. The pottery remnants were used to identify the Sopris phase and three subsequent periods of inhabitation: post-Sopris phase (about A.D. 1300–1450), historic Spanish-American (about A.D. 1670–1890) and historic
Trinchera Cave Archeological District is also a Sopris phase site.
Phases
The architecture, pottery and material goods varied greatly during the Sopris phases.[1]
Initial
The initial Sopris phase occurred between 1000 and 1100 A.D. People dwelled in pit-houses, jacal structures and campsites. Pottery found at initial Sopris sites included Taos gray and distinctly different Sopris plain pottery. Corner-notched points are the most popular projectile points used. Basin metates were used during this time.[1]
Early
The next period occurred between 1100-1150 A.D. Dwellings were made of adobe or a combination of adobe and jacal construction. Pottery found in early Sopris sites include: Taos gray, Sopris plain pottery, and the appearance of black on white, cordmarked, polished and incised pottery. Material goods included metates, turquoise, beads of stone and shell. Maize was farmed a little during this period.[1]
Late
The last period occurred between 1150-1250 A.D. Houses were made of sandstone slab masonry, with rounded corners and posts for support. There was a predominance of Taos black on white and Taos gray incised pottery during this time. Grooved mauls and slab metates appeared during this period.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e Gunnerson, James H. Archaeology of the High Plains. Denver: United States Forest Service, 1987. p. 94-95, 135.
- ^ Echo-Hawk, Roger C. (April 2000) "Ancient History in the New World: Integrating Oral Traditions and the Archaeological Record in Deep Time." Archived 2014-04-07 at the Wayback Machine American Antiquity. 65(2):267-290. See page 15 of pdf file.
- ^ ISBN 0-16-050400-7.
- ^ Excavations at Trinidad Reservoir. Archived 2012-07-04 at the Wayback Machine The University of New Mexico. Office of Contract Archeology. Retrieved December 3, 2011.
- ISBN 1-55566-193-9.
- ^ Ireland, Stephen K. (October 8, 1984). Trinidad Reservoir Salvage Archaeology, 1967. DTIC Online. Retrieved December 3, 2011.