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Executive editor [[Ben Bradlee]] put the newspaper's reputation and resources behind reporters [[Bob Woodward]] and [[Carl Bernstein]], who, in a long series of articles, chipped away at the story behind the 1972 burglary of [[Democratic National Committee]] offices in the [[Watergate complex]] in Washington. The ''Post''{{'s}} dogged coverage of the story, the outcome of which ultimately played a major role in the resignation of President [[Richard Nixon]], won the newspaper a [[Pulitzer Prize]] in 1973.
Executive editor [[Ben Bradlee]] put the newspaper's reputation and resources behind reporters [[Bob Woodward]] and [[Carl Bernstein]], who, in a long series of articles, chipped away at the story behind the 1972 burglary of [[Democratic National Committee]] offices in the [[Watergate complex]] in Washington. The ''Post''{{'s}} dogged coverage of the story, the outcome of which ultimately played a major role in the resignation of President [[Richard Nixon]], won the newspaper a [[Pulitzer Prize]] in 1973.


In 1972, the "Book World" section was introduced with Pulitzer Prize–winning critic [[William McPherson (writer)|William McPherson]] as its first editor.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/books/25thann/aranaward.htm |title=Views From Publisher's Row |first=Marie |last=Arana-Ward (then-deputy editor of "Book World")|authorlink=Marie Arana |date= June 1, 1997|work=The Washington Post}}</ref> It featured Pulitzer Prize–winning critics such as [[Jonathan Yardley]] and [[Michael Dirda]], the latter of whom established his career as a critic at the ''Post''. In 2009, after 37 years, with great reader outcries and protest, ''The Washington Post Book World'' as a standalone insert was discontinued, the last issue being Sunday, February 15, 2009,<ref>{{cite news|author1=John Gaines|title=Where Have All the Magazines Gone?|url=http://www.librarypoint.org/where_have_all_the_magazines_gone|accessdate=March 14, 2016|work=Library Point|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011145110/http://www.librarypoint.org/where_have_all_the_magazines_gone|archive-date=October 11, 2016|url-status = dead}}</ref> along with a general reorganization of the paper, such as placing the Sunday editorials on the back page of the main front section rather than the "Outlook" section and distributing some other locally oriented "op-ed" letters and commentaries in other sections.<ref name=lastbook>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/12/AR2009021203265.html Letter from the editor], ''The Washington Post'', Sunday, February 15, 2009; Page BW02</ref> However, book reviews are still published in the Outlook section on Sundays and in the Style section the rest of the week, as well as online.<ref name=lastbook />
In 1972, the "Book World" section was introduced with Pulitzer Prize-winning critic [[William McPherson (writer)|William McPherson]] as its first editor.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/books/25thann/aranaward.htm |title=Views From Publisher's Row |first=Marie |last=Arana-Ward (then-deputy editor of "Book World")|authorlink=Marie Arana |date= June 1, 1997|work=The Washington Post}}</ref> It featured Pulitzer Prize-winning critics such as [[Jonathan Yardley]] and [[Michael Dirda]], the latter of whom established his career as a critic at the ''Post''. In 2009, after 37 years, with great reader outcries and protest, ''The Washington Post Book World'' as a standalone insert was discontinued, the last issue being Sunday, February 15, 2009,<ref>{{cite news|author1=John Gaines|title=Where Have All the Magazines Gone?|url=http://www.librarypoint.org/where_have_all_the_magazines_gone|accessdate=March 14, 2016|work=Library Point|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011145110/http://www.librarypoint.org/where_have_all_the_magazines_gone|archive-date=October 11, 2016|url-status = dead}}</ref> along with a general reorganization of the paper, such as placing the Sunday editorials on the back page of the main front section rather than the "Outlook" section and distributing some other locally oriented "op-ed" letters and commentaries in other sections.<ref name=lastbook>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/12/AR2009021203265.html Letter from the editor], ''The Washington Post'', Sunday, February 15, 2009; Page BW02</ref> However, book reviews are still published in the Outlook section on Sundays and in the Style section the rest of the week, as well as online.<ref name=lastbook />


In 1975, [[1975–76 Washington Post pressmen's strike|the pressmen's union went on strike]]. The ''Post'' hired replacement workers to replace the pressmen's union, and other unions returned to work in February 1976.<ref name="nyt19760229">{{cite news |last1=Franklin |first1=Ben A. |title='Chastened' Unions Lick Their Wounds as Last Holdouts in 20‐Week Washington Post Strike Return to Work |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/02/29/archives/chastened-unions-lick-their-wounds-as-last-holdouts-in-20week.html |accessdate=November 26, 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=February 29, 1976 |language=en}}</ref>
In 1975, [[1975–76 Washington Post pressmen's strike|the pressmen's union went on strike]]. The ''Post'' hired replacement workers to replace the pressmen's union, and other unions returned to work in February 1976.<ref name="nyt19760229">{{cite news |last1=Franklin |first1=Ben A. |title='Chastened' Unions Lick Their Wounds as Last Holdouts in 20‐Week Washington Post Strike Return to Work |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/02/29/archives/chastened-unions-lick-their-wounds-as-last-holdouts-in-20week.html |accessdate=November 26, 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=February 29, 1976 |language=en}}</ref>
Line 169: Line 169:


=== Private "salon" solicitation ===
=== Private "salon" solicitation ===
In July 2009, in the midst of an intense debate over [[Health care reforms proposed during the Obama administration|health care reform]], ''[[The Politico]]'' reported that a health-care [[lobbyist]] had received an "astonishing" offer of access to the ''Post's'' "health-care reporting and editorial staff."<ref>Michael Calderone and Mike Allen (July 2, 2009), [https://www.politico.com/story/2009/07/wapo-cancels-lobbyist-event-024441? "WaPo cancels lobbyist event"], ''Politico''</ref> ''Post'' publisher [[Katharine Weymouth]] had planned a series of exclusive dinner parties or "salons" at her private residence, to which she had invited prominent lobbyists, trade group members, politicians and business people.<ref>Richard Pérez-Peña (July 3, 2009), [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/03/business/media/03post.html "Pay-for-Chat Plan Falls Flat at Washington Post"], ''The New York Times'', p. A1</ref> Participants were to be charged $25,000 to sponsor a single salon, and $250,000 for 11 sessions, with the events being closed to the public and to the non-''Post'' press.<ref name=NageshAtlantic>Gautham Nagesh (July 2, 2009) [https://www.theatlantic.com/personal/archive/2009/07/wapo-salons-sell-access-to-lobbyists/20535/ "WaPo Salons Sell Access to Lobbyists"], ''The Atlantic''</ref> ''Politico''{{'}}s revelation gained a somewhat mixed response in Washington{{Citation needed|date=April 2020}}, as it gave the impression that the parties' sole purpose was to allow insiders to purchase [[face time]] with ''Post'' staff.
In July 2009, in the midst of an intense debate over [[Health care reforms proposed during the Obama administration|health care reform]], ''[[The Politico]]'' reported that a health-care [[lobbyist]] had received an "astonishing" offer of access to the ''Post's'' "health-care reporting and editorial staff."<ref>Michael Calderone and Mike Allen (July 2, 2009), [https://www.politico.com/story/2009/07/wapo-cancels-lobbyist-event-024441? "WaPo cancels lobbyist event"], ''Politico''</ref> ''Post'' publisher [[Katharine Weymouth]] had planned a series of exclusive dinner parties or "salons" at her private residence, to which she had invited prominent lobbyists, trade group members, politicians, and business people.<ref>Richard Pérez-Peña (July 3, 2009), [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/03/business/media/03post.html "Pay-for-Chat Plan Falls Flat at Washington Post"], ''The New York Times'', p. A1</ref> Participants were to be charged $25,000 to sponsor a single salon, and $250,000 for 11 sessions, with the events being closed to the public and to the non-''Post'' press.<ref name=NageshAtlantic>Gautham Nagesh (July 2, 2009) [https://www.theatlantic.com/personal/archive/2009/07/wapo-salons-sell-access-to-lobbyists/20535/ "WaPo Salons Sell Access to Lobbyists"], ''The Atlantic''</ref> ''Politico''{{'}}s revelation gained a somewhat mixed response in Washington{{Citation needed|date=April 2020}}, as it gave the impression that the parties' sole purpose was to allow insiders to purchase [[face time]] with ''Post'' staff.


Almost immediately following the disclosure, Weymouth canceled the salons, saying, "This should never have happened." White House counsel [[Gregory B. Craig]] reminded officials that under [[Honest Leadership and Open Government Act|federal ethics rules]], they need advance approval for such events. ''Post'' Executive Editor [[Marcus Brauchli]], who was named on the flier as one of the salon's "Hosts and Discussion Leaders," said he was "appalled" by the plan, adding, "It suggests that access to ''Washington Post'' journalists was available for purchase."<ref name=KurtzPost>Howard Kurtz (July 3, 2009), [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/07/02/AR2009070201563.html?hpid=topnews "Washington Post Publisher Cancels Planned Policy Dinners After Outcry"], ''The Washington Post''</ref>
Almost immediately following the disclosure, Weymouth canceled the salons, saying, "This should never have happened." White House counsel [[Gregory B. Craig]] reminded officials that under [[Honest Leadership and Open Government Act|federal ethics rules]], they need advance approval for such events. ''Post'' Executive Editor [[Marcus Brauchli]], who was named on the flier as one of the salon's "Hosts and Discussion Leaders," said he was "appalled" by the plan, adding, "It suggests that access to ''Washington Post'' journalists was available for purchase."<ref name=KurtzPost>Howard Kurtz (July 3, 2009), [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/07/02/AR2009070201563.html?hpid=topnews "Washington Post Publisher Cancels Planned Policy Dinners After Outcry"], ''The Washington Post''</ref>

Revision as of 18:53, 6 July 2020

"WaPo" redirects here. For other uses, see WAPO and Washington Post (disambiguation).

The Washington Post
Media of the United States
  • List of newspapers

    • The Washington Post (sometimes abbreviated to WaPo) is an American

    District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia
    .

    The newspaper has won 69 Pulitzer Prizes.[8] This includes six separate Pulitzers awarded in 2008, second only to The New York Times's seven awards in 2002 for the highest number ever awarded to a single newspaper in one year.[9] Post journalists have also received 18 Nieman Fellowships and 368 White House News Photographers Association awards. In the early 1970s, in the best-known episode in the newspaper's history, reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein led the American press's investigation into what became known as the Watergate scandal. Their reporting in The Washington Post greatly contributed to the resignation of President Richard Nixon. In years since, the Post's investigations have led to increased review of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center.[10]

    In October 2013, the paper's longtime controlling family, the

    Nash Holdings, a holding company established by Jeff Bezos, for $250 million in cash.[11][12]

    Overview

    The previous headquarters of The Washington Post on 15th Street NW in Washington, D.C.

    The Washington Post is regarded as one of the leading daily American newspapers

    Congress, and other aspects of the U.S. government
    .

    Unlike The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post does not print an edition for distribution away from the East Coast. In 2009, the newspaper ceased publication of its National Weekly Edition, which combined stories from the week's print editions, due to shrinking circulation.[14] The majority of its newsprint readership is in the District of Columbia and its suburbs in Maryland and Northern Virginia.[15]

    The newspaper is one of a few U.S. newspapers with foreign bureaus, located in Beirut, Berlin, Beijing, Bogotá, Cairo, Hong Kong, Islamabad, Jerusalem, Kabul, London, Mexico City, Moscow, Nairobi, New Delhi, Paris, and Tokyo.[16] In November 2009, it announced the closure of its U.S. regional bureaus—Chicago, Los Angeles and New York—as part of an increased focus on "political stories and local news coverage in Washington."[17] The newspaper has local bureaus in Maryland (Annapolis, Montgomery County, Prince George's County, Southern Maryland) and Virginia (Alexandria, Fairfax, Loudoun County, Richmond, and Prince William County).[18]

    As of May 2013, its average weekday circulation was 474,767, according to the

    Daily News, and the New York Post. While its circulation (like that of almost all newspapers) has been slipping, it has one of the highest market-penetration
    rates of any metropolitan news daily.

    For many decades, the Post had its main office at 1150 15th Street NW. This real estate remained with Graham Holdings when the newspaper was sold to Jeff Bezos' Nash Holdings in 2013. Graham Holdings sold 1150 15th Street (along with 1515 L Street, 1523 L Street, and land beneath 1100 15th Street) for US$159 million in November 2013. The Washington Post continued to lease space at 1150 L Street NW.

    high-rise building at 1301 K Street NW in Washington, D.C. The newspaper moved into its new offices on December 14, 2015.[20]

    The Post has its own exclusive zip code, 20071.

    Publishing service

    Arc Publishing is a department of The Washington Post, which provides the publishing system Arc, software for news organizations such as the Chicago Tribune and the Los Angeles Times.[21]

    History

    Founding and early period

    The Washington Post building in 1948

    The newspaper was founded in 1877 by Stilson Hutchins (1838–1912), and in 1880 it added a Sunday edition, becoming the city's first newspaper to publish seven days a week.[22]

    The Washington Post and Union masthead, April 16, 1878

    In April 1878, about four months into publication, The Washington Post purchased The Washington Union, a competing newspaper which was founded by John Lynch in late 1877. The Union had only been in operation about six months at the time of the acquisition. The combined newspaper was published from the Globe Building as The Washington Post and Union beginning on April 15, 1878, with a circulation of 13,000.[23][24] The Post and Union name was used about two weeks until April 29, 1878, returning to the original masthead the following day.[25]

    In 1889, Hutchins sold the newspaper to

    dance craze,[27]
    and remains one of Sousa's best-known works.

    In 1893, the newspaper moved to a building at 14th and E streets NW, where it would remain until 1950. This building combined all functions of the newspaper into one headquarters – newsroom, advertising, typesetting, and printing – that ran 24 hours per day.[28]

    In 1898, during the

    Remember the Maine, which became the battle-cry for American sailors during the War. In 1902, Berryman published another famous cartoon in the Post – Drawing the Line in Mississippi. This cartoon depicts President Theodore Roosevelt showing compassion for a small bear cub and inspired New York store owner Morris Michtom to create the teddy bear.[29]

    Wilkins acquired Hatton's share of the newspaper in 1894 at Hatton's death. After Wilkins' death in 1903, his sons John and Robert ran the Post for two years before selling it in 1905 to

    typo" in D.C. history according to Reason magazine; the Post intended to report that President Wilson had been "entertaining" his future-wife Mrs. Galt, but instead wrote that he had been "entering" Mrs. Galt.[30][31][32]

    When John McLean died in 1916, he put the newspaper in trust, having little faith that his playboy son Edward "Ned" McLean could manage his inheritance. Ned went to court and broke the trust, but, under his management, the newspaper slumped toward ruin. He bled the paper for his lavish lifestyle, and used it to promote political agendas.[33]

    During the

    Red Summer of 1919 the Post supported the white mobs and even ran a front-page story which advertised the location at which white servicemen were planning to meet to carry out attacks on black Washingtonians.[34]

    Meyer–Graham period

    In 1929, financier

    Chairman of the Federal Reserve. He had bid anonymously, and was prepared to go up to $2 million, far higher than the other bidders.[38][39] These included William Randolph Hearst, who had long hoped to shut down the ailing Post to benefit his own Washington newspaper presence.[40]

    The Post's health and reputation were restored under Meyer's ownership. In 1946, he was succeeded as publisher by his son-in-law,

    Washington Star (Evening Star) and The Washington Daily News which merged in 1972, forming the Washington Star-News.[43][44]
    This had again become simply the Washington Star by the time it closed on August 7, 1981, leaving the Post as the only major daily in Washington for almost a year. On May 17, 1982, Unification Church leader Sun Myung Moon began publishing the current Washington Times, a conservative daily broadsheet whose circulation has only ever been a fraction of its rival, the Post. In 2005, conservative competition increased slightly with the founding of the Washington Examiner, originally a free tabloid daily, which switched to a weekly magazine format in 2013. But the Post, with a far larger presence, locally and nationally, has remained Washington's dominant paper since the 1950s.

    The Monday, July 21, 1969, edition, with the headline "'The Eagle Has Landed'‍—‌Two Men Walk on the Moon"

    After Phil Graham's death in 1963, control of The Washington Post Company passed to his wife Katharine Graham (1917–2001), who was also Eugene Meyer's daughter. Few women had run prominent national newspapers in the United States. Katharine Graham described her own anxiety and lack of confidence based on her gender in her autobiography. She served as publisher from 1969 to 1979[45] and headed The Washington Post Company into the early 1990s as chairman of the board and CEO. After 1993, she retained a position as chairman of the executive committee until her death in 2001.

    Her tenure is credited with seeing the newspaper rise in national stature through effective investigative reporting after it began to live down its reputation as a house organ for the Kennedy and Johnson administration, working to ensure that The New York Times did not surpass its Washington reporting of the Pentagon Papers and Watergate scandal.

    Graham took The Washington Post Company public on June 15, 1971, in the midst of the Pentagon Papers controversy. A total of 1,294,000 shares were offered to the public at $26 per share.[46][47] By the end of Graham's tenure as CEO in 1991, the stock was worth $888 per share, not counting the effect of an intermediate 4:1 stock split.[48]

    During this time, Graham also oversaw the Post company's diversification purchase of the for-profit education and training company Kaplan, Inc. for $40 million in 1984.[49] Twenty years later, Kaplan had surpassed the Post newspaper as the company's leading contributor to income, and by 2010 Kaplan accounted for more than 60% of the entire company revenue stream.[50]

    Executive editor Ben Bradlee put the newspaper's reputation and resources behind reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, who, in a long series of articles, chipped away at the story behind the 1972 burglary of Democratic National Committee offices in the Watergate complex in Washington. The Post's dogged coverage of the story, the outcome of which ultimately played a major role in the resignation of President Richard Nixon, won the newspaper a Pulitzer Prize in 1973.

    In 1972, the "Book World" section was introduced with Pulitzer Prize-winning critic William McPherson as its first editor.[51] It featured Pulitzer Prize-winning critics such as Jonathan Yardley and Michael Dirda, the latter of whom established his career as a critic at the Post. In 2009, after 37 years, with great reader outcries and protest, The Washington Post Book World as a standalone insert was discontinued, the last issue being Sunday, February 15, 2009,[52] along with a general reorganization of the paper, such as placing the Sunday editorials on the back page of the main front section rather than the "Outlook" section and distributing some other locally oriented "op-ed" letters and commentaries in other sections.[53] However, book reviews are still published in the Outlook section on Sundays and in the Style section the rest of the week, as well as online.[53]

    In 1975,

    the pressmen's union went on strike. The Post hired replacement workers to replace the pressmen's union, and other unions returned to work in February 1976.[54]

    In 1980, the newspaper published a dramatic story called "Jimmy's World",[55] describing the life of an eight-year-old heroin addict in Washington, for which reporter Janet Cooke won acclaim and a Pulitzer Prize. Subsequent investigation, however, revealed the story to be a fabrication. The Pulitzer Prize was returned.

    Donald E. Graham, Katharine's son, succeeded her as a publisher in 1979[45] and in the early 1990s became both chief executive officer and chairman of the board. He was succeeded in 2000 as publisher and CEO by Boisfeuillet Jones Jr., with Graham remaining as chairman.

    In 1995 the domain name washingtonpost.com was purchased. That same year, a failed effort to create an online news repository called Digital Ink launched. The following year it was shut down and the first website was launched in June 1996.[56]

    Katharine Weymouth, Donald Graham's niece, served as publisher and the chief executive officer from 2008 until 2014, when Jeff Bezos took over ownership of the paper.

    Jeff Bezos era (2013–present)

    Demolition of the 15th Street headquarters in April 2016

    In 2013

    Graham Holdings Company[11][62]

    Bezos said he has a vision that recreates "the 'daily ritual' of reading the Post as a bundle, not merely a series of individual stories..."[63] He has been described as a "hands-off owner," holding teleconference calls with executive editor Martin Baron every two weeks.[64] Bezos appointed Fred Ryan (founder and CEO of Politico) to serve as publisher and chief executive officer. This signaled Bezos’ intent to shift the Post to a more digital focus with a national and global readership.[65]

    In 2014, the Post announced it was moving from 1150 15th Street to a leased space three blocks away at

    2020 Webby People’s Voice Award for News & Politics in the category Web.[70]

    Political stance

    1933–2000

    When financier

    Agnes Ernst Meyer was a journalist from the other end of the spectrum politically. The Post ran many of her pieces including tributes to her personal friends John Dewey and Saul Alinsky.[75][76][77][78]

    Eugene Meyer became head of the

    Harvard alumni) that would color the Post's political orientation.[79] Kay Graham's most memorable Georgetown soirée guest list included British diplomat/communist spy Donald Maclean.[80][81]

    The Post is credited with inventing the term "

    Dickstein Committee of the 1930s.[83]

    JFK remained strong until their untimely deaths in 1963.[84] FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover reportedly told the new President Lyndon B. Johnson, "I don't have much influence with the Post because I frankly don't read it. I view it like the Daily Worker."[85][86]

    Kay Graham officially became the publisher in 1969, paving the way for the aggressive reporting of the Pentagon Papers and Watergate scandals. In the mid-1970s, some conservatives referred to the Post as "Pravda on the Potomac" because of its perceived left-wing bias in both reporting and editorials.[87] Since then, the appellation has been used by both liberal and conservative critics of the newspaper.[88][89]

    2000–present

    In the PBS documentary Buying the War, journalist Bill Moyers said in the year prior to the Iraq War there were 27 editorials supporting the Bush administration's ambitions to invade the country. National security correspondent Walter Pincus reported that he had been ordered to cease his reports that were critical of the administration.[90] According to author and journalist Greg Mitchell: "By the Post's own admission, in the months before the war, it ran more than 140 stories on its front page promoting the war, while contrary information got lost".[91]

    On March 26, 2007, Chris Matthews said on his television program, "Well, The Washington Post is not the liberal newspaper it was, Congressman, let me tell you. I have been reading it for years and it is a neocon newspaper".[92] It has regularly published a mixture of op-ed columnists, with some of them left-leaning (including E. J. Dionne, Dana Milbank, Greg Sargent, and Eugene Robinson), and some of them right-leaning (including George Will, Marc Thiessen, Michael Gerson and Charles Krauthammer).

    In a study published on April 18, 2007, by Yale professors Alan Gerber, Dean Karlan, and Daniel Bergan, citizens were given a subscription to either the conservative-leaning Washington Times or the liberal-leaning Washington Post to see the effect that media has on voting patterns. Gerber had estimated based on his work that the Post slanted as much to the left as the Times did to the right. Gerber found those who were given a free subscription of the Post were 7.9–11.4% more likely to vote for the Democratic candidate for governor than those assigned to the control group, depending on the adjustment for the date on which individual participants were surveyed and the survey interviewer; however, people who received the Times were also more likely than controls to vote for the Democrat, with an effect approximately 60% as large as that estimated for the Post.[93][94] The study authors said that sampling error might have played a role in the effect of the conservative-leaning Times, as might the fact that the Democratic candidate took more conservative-leaning positions than is typical for his party, and "the month prior to the post-election survey was a difficult period for President Bush, one in which his overall approval rating fell by approximately 4 percentage points nationwide. It appears that heightened exposure to both papers’ news coverage, despite opposing ideological slants, moved public opinion away from Republicans."[94]

    In November 2007, the newspaper was criticized by independent journalist Robert Parry for reporting on anti-Obama chain e-mails without sufficiently emphasizing to its readers the false nature of the anonymous claims.[95] In 2009, Parry criticized the newspaper for its allegedly unfair reporting on liberal politicians, including Vice President Al Gore and President Barack Obama.[96]

    Responding to criticism of the newspaper's coverage during the run-up to the 2008 presidential election, former Post ombudsman Deborah Howell wrote: "The opinion pages have strong conservative voices; the editorial board includes centrists and conservatives; and there were editorials critical of Obama. Yet opinion was still weighted toward Obama."[97] According to a 2009 Oxford University Press book by Richard Davis on the impact of blogs on American politics, liberal bloggers link to The Washington Post and The New York Times more often than other major newspapers; however, conservative bloggers also link predominantly to liberal newspapers.[98]

    In mid-September 2016, Matthew Ingram of Forbes joined Glenn Greenwald of The Intercept, and Trevor Trimm of The Guardian in criticizing The Washington Post for "demanding that [former National Security Agency contractor Edward] Snowden ... stand trial on espionage charges".[99][100][101][102]

    In February 2017, the Post adopted the slogan "Democracy Dies in Darkness" for its masthead.[103]

    Since 2011, the Post has been running a column called "The Fact Checker" that the Post describes as a "truth squad."

    Google News Initiative/YouTube to expand production of video fact checks.[104]

    Political endorsements

    Katharine Graham wrote in her autobiography

    George H. W. Bush.[107] On October 17, 2008, the Post endorsed Barack Obama for President of the United States.[108] On October 25, 2012, the newspaper endorsed the Obama's re-election.[109] The Post has endorsed Democrats for president during at least nine different presidential elections.[110] The paper has never endorsed a Republican for president.[110] On October 21, 2014, the newspaper endorsed 44 Democratic candidates versus 3 Republican candidates for the 2014 elections in the District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia.[111] On October 13, 2016, it endorsed Hillary Clinton for that year's presidential election.[112]

    The Post endorsed Maryland Governor Harry Hughes and D.C. Mayor Marion Barry in the 1978 elections.

    Criticism and controversies

    "Jimmy's World" fabrication

    In September 1980, a Sunday feature story appeared on the front page of the Post titled "Jimmy's World" in which reporter Janet Cooke wrote a profile of the life of an eight-year-old heroin addict.[113] Although some within the Post doubted the story's veracity, the paper's editors defended it, and assistant managing editor Bob Woodward submitted the story to the Pulitzer Prize Board at Columbia University for consideration. Cooke was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing on April 13, 1981. The story was then found to be a complete fabrication, and the Pulitzer was returned.[114]

    Private "salon" solicitation

    In July 2009, in the midst of an intense debate over

    lobbyist had received an "astonishing" offer of access to the Post's "health-care reporting and editorial staff."[115] Post publisher Katharine Weymouth had planned a series of exclusive dinner parties or "salons" at her private residence, to which she had invited prominent lobbyists, trade group members, politicians, and business people.[116] Participants were to be charged $25,000 to sponsor a single salon, and $250,000 for 11 sessions, with the events being closed to the public and to the non-Post press.[117] Politico's revelation gained a somewhat mixed response in Washington[citation needed], as it gave the impression that the parties' sole purpose was to allow insiders to purchase face time
    with Post staff.

    Almost immediately following the disclosure, Weymouth canceled the salons, saying, "This should never have happened." White House counsel Gregory B. Craig reminded officials that under federal ethics rules, they need advance approval for such events. Post Executive Editor Marcus Brauchli, who was named on the flier as one of the salon's "Hosts and Discussion Leaders," said he was "appalled" by the plan, adding, "It suggests that access to Washington Post journalists was available for purchase."[118]

    China Daily advertising supplements

    Dating back to 2011, The Washington Post began to include "China Watch" advertising supplements provided by

    Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, on the print and online editions. Although the header to the online "China Watch" section included the text "A Paid Supplement to The Washington Post," James Fallows of The Atlantic suggested that the notice was not clear enough for most readers to see.[119] Distributed to the Post and multiple newspapers around the world, the "China Watch" advertising supplements range from four to eight pages and appear at least monthly. According to a 2018 report by The Guardian, "China Watch" uses "a didactic, old-school approach to propaganda."[120]

    In 2020, a report by

    crackdown in Hong Kong."[124]

    Headline and article controversies

    In November 2016, the Post published a story that relied heavily on a report by

    Russian propaganda. PropOrNot published a list of websites they called "bona-fide 'useful idiots'" of the Russian government.[125] Given PropOrNot's broad criteria for classifying sources as propaganda, the Post's decision to run the front-page article was criticized by commentators such as Andrew Cockburn,[126] Glenn Greenwald,[127] Matt Taibbi,[128] and Adrian Chen.[129]

    In August 2018, the Post's article profiling the Jacksonville Landing shooter, a competitive gamer,[130] was criticized by University of Oregon journalism professor Nicole Dahmen, who said, "The article reads like a glorified celebrity profile."[131] The paper responded, saying: "As is true in all cases, reporting on the alleged killer is only one aspect of our coverage. In this instance, the story helps readers better understand the esports community affected and the accused killer's history within that community. These are not easy decisions to make and for each individual story, we must consider what is newsworthy."[131]

    In June 2020, the Post was criticized for publishing a 3,000 word article about a person wearing blackface in a private party two years earlier despite the person not being of public notability, leading to her being fired.[132][133]

    Pay practices

    In June 2018, over 400 employees of The Washington Post signed an open letter to the owner Jeff Bezos demanding "fair wages; fair benefits for retirement, family leave and health care; and a fair amount of job security." The open letter was accompanied by video testimonials from employees, who alleged "shocking pay practices" despite record growth in subscriptions at the newspaper, with salaries only rising an average of $10 per week, less than half the rate of inflation. The petition followed on a year of unsuccessful negotiations between The Washington Post Guild and upper management over pay and benefit increases.[134]

    Lawsuit by Covington Catholic High School student

    In 2019,

    January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation between Covington students and the Indigenous Peoples March.[135][136] On October 2019, a federal judge dismissed the case, ruling that 30 of the 33 statements in the Post that Sandmann alleged were libelous were not, but allowed Sandmann to file an amended complaint.[137]

    Controversial op-eds and columns

    Several Washington Post op-eds and columns have prompted criticism, including a number of comments on race by columnist

    antisemitic group supported by Iran."[142]

    Criticism by elected officials

    President

    his Twitter account,[143] having "tweeted or retweeted criticism of the paper, tying it to Amazon more than 20 times since his campaign for president" by August 2018.[144] In addition to often attacking the paper itself, Trump has used Twitter to blast various Post journalists and columnists.[145]

    During the

    Marty Baron responded by saying that Sanders' criticism was "baseless and conspiratorial".[150]

    Website

    The Washington Post launched its website (WashingtonPost.com) in June 1996.[56]

    In first quarter of 2020 the website was one of the most popular and reliable sources in different languages version of Wikipedia.[151]

    According to Alexa, the website WashingtonPost.com is ranked as the 174th most popular website in Internet.[152]

    Executive officers and editors (past and present)

    Major stockholders

    1. Stilson Hutchins (1877–1889)
    2. Frank Hatton and Beriah Wilkins
      (1889–1905)
    3. John R. McLean
      (1905–1916)
    4. Edward (Ned) McLean (1916–1933)
    5. Eugene Meyer (1933–1948)
    6. Graham Family (1948–2013)
    7. Nash Holdings
      (Jeff Bezos) (2013–Present)

    Publishers

    1. Stilson Hutchins (1877–1889)
    2. Beriah Wilkins (1889–1905)
    3. John R. McLean
      (1905–1916)
    4. Edward (Ned) McLean (1916–1933)
    5. Eugene Meyer (1933–1946)
    6. Philip L. Graham (1946–1961)
    7. John W. Sweeterman (1961–1968)
    8. Katharine Graham (1969–1979)
    9. Donald E. Graham (1979–2000)
    10. Boisfeuillet Jones Jr. (2000–2008)
    11. Katharine Weymouth (2008–2014)
    12. Frederick J. Ryan Jr. (2014–Present)

    Executive editors

    1. James Russell Wiggins (1955–1968)
    2. Ben Bradlee (1968–1991)
    3. Leonard Downie Jr. (1991–2008)
    4. Marcus Brauchli (2008–2012)[153]
    5. Martin Baron (2012–present)

    Notable staff

    See also

    References

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    Further reading

    • Kelly, Tom. The imperial Post: The Meyers, the Grahams, and the paper that rules Washington (Morrow, 1983)
    • Lewis, Norman P. "Morning Miracle. Inside the Washington Post: A Great Newspaper Fights for Its Life". Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly (2011) 88#1 pp: 219.
    • Merrill, John C. and Harold A. Fisher. The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers (1980) pp 342–52
    • Roberts, Chalmers McGeagh. In the shadow of power: the story of the Washington Post (Seven Locks Pr, 1989)

    External links

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Washington_Post&oldid=966371969"