User:Kmarinas86

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Paul Karl Feyerabend on "Science"
"More than one social scientist has pointed out to me that now at last he has learned how to turn his field into a 'science' – by which of course he meant that he had learned how to improve it. The recipe, according to these people, is to restrict criticism, to reduce the number of comprehensive theories to one, and to create a normal science that has this one theory as its paradigm. Students must be prevented from speculating along different lines and the more restless colleagues must be made to conform and 'to do serious work'."
Source: "The Politics of Social Knowledge"
Karl Raimund Popper on "Normal science"
"'Normal' science, in Kuhn's sense, exists. It is the activity of the non- revolutionary, or more precisely, not-too-critical professional: of the science student who accepts the ruling dogma of the day; who does not wish to challenge it; and who accepts a new revolutionary theory only if almost everybody else is ready to accept it – if it becomes fashionable by a kind of bandwagon effect."
Source: "Kuhn vs. Popper on Criticism and Dogmatism in Science"
See also: "On Revolutions and Progress in Knowledge"
[1] [2] [3] [4]
Since 2002[1][2]
I have been known online as kmarinas86.
kmarinas
= k + m+a+r + i + n+a+s

= 11 + 13+1+18 + 9 + 14+1+19
= 11 + 32 + 9 + 34
= 43 + 43
= 86 = 19+9+14 + 11+1+18+13+1
= s+i+n + k+a+r+m+a
= sinkarma
Coincidence is nothing....

Articles whose sections I have rearranged

Automation

Before & After (diff)
This eventually spawned a subsequent article:

Relationship of automation to unemployment (original
)

Blacklight Power

Before & After (diff)
Before & After (diff)
Before & After (diff)
Before & After (diff)
Before & After (diff)

Cold Fusion

Before & After (diff)

Critical thinking

Before & After (diff)

Globalization

Before & After (diff)

Heat

Before & After (diff)

Near and far field

Before & After (diff)
Before & After (diff)

Specific radiative intensity

Before & After (diff)

World currency

Before & After (diff)

World population

Before & After (diff)
(Discussion about these changes)

Other methods of improving Wikipedia in an efficient manner

Page renaming

overwhelming support
)

Citation bombardment

Hello Kitty

Kmarinas86 (Expert Sectioneer of Wikipedia) 19+9+14 + karma = 19+9+14 + talk = 86 16:11, 3 October 2010 (UTC)

The truth is out there!
Nature is an eternal mixture of wilderness and civilization.
University of HoustonThis user attends or attended the UNIVERSITY of HOUSTON
This user is a lapsed Catholic.
243+This user has made more than 243 contributions to Wikipedia.
This user is not a biological parent.
PsThis user contributes using Adobe Photoshop.
This user believes in materialism, the belief that everything that exists is made of matter.
This user has never left the Northern Hemisphere.
This user does not smoke.
YAThis user is a
young adult
.
X This user is strictly
apolitical
.

Philosophical points of view

Scientific Method

RationalismA scientist's way of generating guesses, from humble hypotheses to elegant theories.

  • If something of importance is out there, it ought to be conceived. This is the basis for meaning.

EmpiricismA scientist's way of generating data.

  • If something of importance is out there, it ought to be discovered. This is the basis for discovery.

VerifiabilityA measure of the scientist's ability to incorporate a result within a larger theoretical framework.

  • If something of importance is out there, it ought to be a recognized idea. This is the basis for defining the limits of knowledge.

FalsifiabilityA measure of the scientist's ability to detach or quarantine an idea from a larger theoretical framework.

  • If a recognized idea does not correspond to the truth, it ought to be falsified. This is the basis for respect of the truth.

Correspondence theory of truth

The coherence theory of truth is wrong. Coherence respects the "meaning of man's words", but not the truth.
The pragmatic theory of truth is wrong. Pragmatism respects the "preoccupations of man", but not the truth.
The consensus theory of truth is wrong. Consensus respects the "limits of man's knowledge", but not the truth.

The taxonomy of claims

Four types of claims

Some quality is explained by
action
feeling justification a quality.
opinion revelation an action.
, Action / Event 1.
, Action / Event 2.
, Quality 1.
, Quality 2.

Feeling

Opinion

Justification

Revelation

Discussion

The next four sections discusses these four types of claims (in increasing order of objectivity).

Feeling

When the only elements of an "explanation" are one or more qualities intended to explain a quality,

such an explanation is not subjectable to scientific or otherwise academic scrutiny,
whether the quality is true or false.

Examples:

  • "I feel sick" because "it's wet outside".
  • "That person is cool" because "they look cool in those jeans".
  • "It's hot" because "it's very nice".

Opinion

When the only elements of an "explanation" are one or more actions intended to explain a quality,

such an explanation is subjectable to academic scrutiny, but not scientific scrutiny,
whether the quality is true or false.

Examples:

  • "I feel sick" because "I inhaled too much rain".
  • "That person is cool" because "they've said nice things to me".
  • "It's hot" because "our team won the game".

Justification

When the only elements of an "explanation" are one or more qualities intended to explain an action,

such an explanation is subjectable to academic and scientific scrutiny
whether the quality is true or false.

But either the explanation begs the question about the quality itself

or it is tautological fact.

Such qualities are not falsifiable given the limited context.

Examples:

  • "My temperature is rising" because "I have a cold".
  • "They've said nice things" because "they are nice people".
  • "That person helped us win the game" because "her strategy was excellent".

Revelation

When the only elements of an "explanation" are one or more actions intended to explain an action,

such an explanation is subjectable to academic and scientific scrutiny
whether the quality is true or false.

It is possible for this form not to beg the question, in light of explanations of the causal actions,

and the only tautologies that are allowed in this form are explicit, rather than implicit.

Examples:

  • "My temperature is rising" because "I have caught flames on my sweater".
  • "They've said nice things" because "they learn from other people who have said nice things to them".
  • "That person helped us win the game" because "she scored the only points we needed to win".

Interests