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This List of German architects covers German architects throughout history.

Before the early 20th century, the term Master Builder (German: Baumeister) referred to the central figure who lead construction projects in German-speaking countries and can be considered a direct precursor to both the terms architect and engineer.

Terminology

Baumeister, Dombaumeister and Hofbaumeister

The Master Builder German: Baumeister assumed the execution of building works of all kinds, including planning and construction management. The term is still a professional title in Austria and Switzerland today. In Germany, however, the term is longer used in its original meaning.

Historically, Master Builders were mostly skilled stonemasons, bricklayers, carpenters, and sometimes came from other professions such as plasterer. Their apprenticeship usually began at age 13. After their journeyman and apprenticeship exams, the candidate would then work as a travelling journeyman in the [

master builder of cathedrals, or Baudommeister 

[Baubeamter] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) is the old German word which means an architect, master builder, urban planner, civil engineer or mechanical engineer working specifically for the government from the 18th century until the early 20th century.

The Kingdom of Prussia divided its [Baubeamter] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) into 4 classifications: Bauräte: Chief Government Architect Bauinspektor: Building Inspector Regierungsbaumeister: Government Master Builder Regierungsbauführer: Government Construction Guid

In Prussia an additional layer of provincial government was common, with architects/engineering titles prefixed with [Landes-] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) or [Provinzial-] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help). Hence an architect at the provincial building inspector level would be called [Landesbauinspektor] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help).

The Kingdom of Saxony used slightly different terminology: Oberlandbaumeister: Chief Architect of the State Landbaumeister: Provincial Architect Bauinspektor: Building Inspector Regierungsbaumeister: Government Master Builder

Time Periods

mirrors the complexity of German history.

Art Nouveau

Art Nouveau in Germany is commonly known by the term Jugendstil ("youth style" in English). The name is taken from the journal [

• [Tummaister] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) of Regensburg "Cathedral Architect"
• became [Baudommeister] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) "Master Builder of Cathedrals"
• [Dombaumeister] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)

• Oberingenieur (senior engineer) by Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg, in 1684.
• Ingenieur-Oberst (engineer colonel) within the General Staff.
• Oberbaudirektor (senior architectural director)

Holy Roman Empire

Image	Name	Life		Primary Style	Representative Work		Notes	Ref
		b.	d.		Project	c.
	Bernward of Hildesheim	960c	1022	Ottonian	Bernward Doors, Hildesheim Cathedral	1015		[3]
	Master Gerhard	1210c	1275	Gothic	Cologne Cathedral	1880	First master at Cologne. Work halted 1473, completed 1880 to original plan.	[4] [5]
—	Heinrich Parler The Elder	1310c	1377c	Gothic	Holy Cross, Schwäbisch Gmünd	1410	Founded the Parler family of master builders.	[6] [7]
	Peter Parler	1333	1399	Gothic	St. Vitus Cathedral, Prague	1929	Master of Johann and Wenzel .	[8]
—	Johann Parler the Younger	1359	1405c	Gothic	St. Barbara's Church, Kutná Hora	1588	Also worked on St. Vitus Cathedral.	[9]
—	Wenzel Parler	1360	1404	Gothic	St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna	1588	Also worked on St. Vitus Cathedral.	[10]
—	Konrad Roriczer	1410	1477	Gothic	Regensburg Cathedral	1520	Father of Mathes, master of Regensburg.	[11]
	Mathes Roriczer	1435c	1495	Gothic			Son of Konrad, took over work at Regensburg .	[12]
—	Jörg von Halsbach	1441c	1488	Gothic	Frauenkirche, Munich	1494		[13]
—	Conrad Pflüger	1450c	1506c	Gothic	All Saints' Church, Wittenberg	1511	[Werkmeister] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup ( Dukes of Saxony .	[14]
	Adam Kraft	c1460	1509	Gothic	St. Lorenz, Nuremberg	1496	Master builder and sculptor in and around Nuremburg .	[15]
—	Jacob Haylmann	1475	1526	Renaissance	St. Anne's Church, Annaberg-Buchholz	1525	Pioneer of early Renaissance in the Electorate of Saxony.	[16]
—	Nikolaus Gromann	1500	1566	Renaissance	Ducal Library, Weimar	1554	Master builder for John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony.	[17]
—	Friedrich Sustris	1540	1599	Renaissance	St. Michael's Church, Munich	1597	Italian-Dutch court architect for William V.	[18]
—	Hans Krumpper	1570	1634	Renaissance	Residenz, Munich	1615	Sculptor and intendant for William V and Maximilian I.	[19]
—	Abraham van den Blocke	1572	1628	Renaissance	Golden Gate, Gdańsk	1614		[20]
	Elias Holl	1573	1646	Renaissance	Augsburg Town Hall	1624	Most important architect of the late German Renaissance.	[21] [22]
—	Christoph Dientzenhofer	1655	1722	Bohemian Baroque	Břevnov Monastery	1715	Family of leading architects of Bohemian and German Baroque.	[23]
—	Johann Arnold Nering	1659	1695	Baroque	Charlottenburg Palace	1713	[Oberbaudirektor] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) for Brandenburg.	[24] [25]
	Andreas Schlüter	c1659	1714	Baroque	Amber Room	1709	Active in Berlin, Poland, Saint Petersburg. Also a sculptor.	[26]
—	Leonhard Dientzenhofer	1660	1707	Baroque	Facade of Michaelsberg Abbey, Bamberg	1702	Family of leading architects of Bohemian and German Baroque.	[27]
	Johann Adam Breunig	1660	1727	Baroque	Town Hall, Speyer	1726		[28]
	Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann	1662	1736	Baroque	Zwinger Palace, Dresden	1728	Court architect for Augustus II the Strong	[29]
—	Johann Dientzenhofer	1663	1726	Baroque	Banz Abbey	1712	Family of leading architects of Bohemian and German Baroque.	[30]
—	George Bähr	1666	1738	Baroque	Dresden Frauenkirche	1743		[31] [32]
	John von Collas	1678	1753	Baroque	Finckenstein Palace	1720	French Huguenot who became a Prussian Royal Engineer
—	Dominikus Zimmermann	1685	1766	Rococo	Wieskirche, Steingaden	1754		[33] [34]
	Cosmas Damian Asam	1686	1739	Baroque	Asam Church, Munich	1746	His brother was Egid. Their joint projects are attributed Asam brothers.	[35]
	Balthasar Neumann	1687	1753	Baroque	Würzburg Residence	1720	Military engineer who developed a refined Baroque style fusing many elements.
	Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer	1689	1751	Bohemian Baroque	St. Nicholas Church, Prague	1735	Family of leading architects of Bohemian and German Baroque
	Egid Quirin Asam	1692	1750	Baroque	Johannikapelle, Freising Cathedral	1724	His brother was Cosmas. Their joint projects are attributed Asam brothers.
—	Anselm Franz von Ritter zu Groenesteyn	1692	1765	Baroque	Bassenheimer Hof, Mainz	1750	Chamberlain, Hofmarschall, and Vicegerent of the Electorate of Mainz
	Johann Michael FischerA	1692	1766	Rococo	Zwiefalten Abbey	1747
—	François de Cuvilliés	1695	1768	Rococo	Amalienburg, Munich	1739	Belgian-born Bavarian architect, instrumental in bringing Rococo to Central Europe.
	Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff	1699	1753	Frederician Rococo	Sanssouci, Potsdam	1769
—	Johann Gottfried Büring	1723	1788	Late Baroque	New Palace, Potsdam	1769	Designed the last great Prussian baroque palace.
	Carl von Gontard	1731	1791	Late Baroque	Communs, Potsdam	1769	Took over work on the New Palace from Büring
—	Johann Carl Friedrich Dauthe	1746	1816	Neo-classical	St. Nicholas Church, Leipzig	1794	Also an etcher .	[36] [37]

Holy Roman Empire

Name	Image	Life		Primary Style	Representative work			Notes	Ref
		b.	d.		Project	Year	Image
Bernward of Hildesheim		960?	1022	Ottonian	Bernward Doors, Hildesheim	1015			[38]
Master Gerhard		1210?	1275	Gothic	Cologne Cathedral	1880		First master at Cologne. Work halted 1473, completed 1880 to original plan.	[39] [40]
Heinrich Parler The Elder	—	1310?	1377?	Gothic	Holy Cross, Schwäbisch Gmünd	1410		Founded the Parler family of master builders.	[41] [42]
Peter Parler		1333	1399	Gothic	St. Vitus Cathedral	1929		Master of Johann and Wenzel .	[43]
Johann Parler the Younger	—	1359	1405?	Gothic	St. Barbara's Church, Kutná Hora	1588		Also worked on St. Vitus Cathedral.	[44]
Wenzel Parler	—	1360	1404	Gothic	St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna	1588		Also worked on St. Vitus Cathedral.	[45]
Konrad Roriczer	—	1410	1477	Gothic	Regensburg Cathedral	1520		Father of Mathes, master of Regensburg.	[46]
Mathes Roriczer		1435?	1495	Gothic				Son of Konrad, took over work at Regensburg .	[47]
Jörg von Halsbach		1441?	1488	Gothic	Frauenkirche, Munich	1494			[48]
Conrad Pflüger	—	1450?	1506?	Gothic	All Saints' Church, Wittenberg	1511		[Werkmeister] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup ( Dukes of Saxony .	[49]
Adam Kraft		c1460	1509	Gothic	Tabernacle, St. Lorenz, Nuremberg	1496		Master builder and sculptor in and around Nuremburg .	[50]
Jacob Haylmann	—	1475	1526	Renaissance	St. Anne's Church, Annaberg-Buchholz	1525		Pioneer of early Renaissance in the Electorate of Saxony.	[51]
Nikolaus Gromann	—	1500	1566	Renaissance	Ducal Library, Weimar	1554		Master builder for John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony.	[52]
Friedrich Sustris	—	1540	1599	Renaissance	St. Michael's Church, Munich	1597		Italian-Dutch court architect for William V.	[53]
Hans Krumpper	—	1570	1634	Renaissance	Residenz, Munich	1615		Sculptor and intendant for William V and Maximilian I.	[54]
Abraham van den Blocke	—	1572	1628	Renaissance	Golden Gate, Gdańsk	1614			[55]
Elias Holl		1573	1646	Renaissance	Augsburg Town Hall	1624		Most important architect of the late German Renaissance.	[56] [57]
Christoph Dientzenhofer	—	1655	1722	Bohemian Baroque	Břevnov Monastery	1715		Family of leading architects of Bohemian and German Baroque.	[58]
Johann Arnold Nering	—	1659	1695	Baroque	Charlottenburg Palace	1713		[Oberbaudirektor] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) for Brandenburg.	[59] [60]
Andreas Schlüter		c1659	1714	Baroque	Amber Room	1709		Active in Berlin, Poland, Saint Petersburg. Also a sculptor.	[61]
Leonhard Dientzenhofer	—	1660	1707	Baroque	Facade of Michaelsberg Abbey, Bamberg	1702		Family of leading architects of Bohemian and German Baroque.	[62]
Johann Adam Breunig		1660	1727	Baroque	Town Hall, Speyer	1726			[63]
Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann		1662	1736	Baroque	Zwinger Palace, Dresden	1728		Court architect for Augustus II the Strong	[64]
Johann Dientzenhofer	—	1663	1726	Baroque	Banz Abbey	1712		Family of leading architects of Bohemian and German Baroque.	[65]
George Bähr	—	1666	1738	Baroque	Dresden Frauenkirche	1743			[66] [67]
John von Collas		1678	1753	Baroque	Finckenstein Palace	1720		French Huguenot who became a Prussian Royal Engineer
Dominikus Zimmermann	—	1685	1766	Rococo	Wieskirche, Steingaden	1754			[68] [69]
Cosmas Damian Asam		1686	1739	Baroque	Asam Church, Munich	1746		His brother was Egid. Their joint projects are attributed Asam brothers.	[70]
Balthasar Neumann		1687	1753	Baroque	Würzburg Residence	1720		Military engineer who developed a refined Baroque style fusing many elements.
Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer		1689	1751	Bohemian Baroque	St. Nicholas Church, Prague	1735		Family of leading architects of Bohemian and German Baroque
Egid Quirin Asam		1692	1750	Baroque	Johannikapelle, Freising Cathedral	1724		His brother was Cosmas. Their joint projects are attributed Asam brothers.
Anselm Franz von Ritter zu Groenesteyn	—	1692	1765	Baroque	Bassenheimer Hof, Mainz	1750		Chamberlain, Hofmarschall, and Vicegerent of the Electorate of Mainz
Johann Michael FischerA		1692	1766	Rococo	Zwiefalten Abbey	1747
François de Cuvilliés	—	1695	1768	Rococo	Amalienburg, Munich	1739		Belgian-born Bavarian architect, instrumental in bringing Rococo to Central Europe.
Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff		1699	1753	Frederician Rococo	Sanssouci, Potsdam	1769
Johann Gottfried Büring	—	1723	1788	Late Baroque	New Palace, Potsdam	1769		Designed the last great Prussian baroque palace.
Carl von Gontard		1731	1791	Late Baroque	Communs, Potsdam	1769		Took over work on the New Palace from Büring
Johann Carl Friedrich Dauthe	—	1746	1816	Neo-classical	Interior of St. Nicholas Church, Leipzig	1794		Also an etcher .	[71] [72]

German Confederation to Empire

Name	Image	Life		Architectural Styles	Representative Work			Ref (s)
		b.	d.		Project	Year	Image
Carl Gotthard Langhans		1732	1808	Neoclassical	Brandenburg Gate, Berlin	1791
Frederick William von Erdmannsdorff		1736	1800	Neo-Gothic	Schloss Wörlitz	1773
Friedrich Weinbrenner		1766	1826	Neoclassical	Evangelische Stadtkirche, Karlsruhe	1816
Paul Ludwig Simon		1771	1815	Neoclassical	Palais Wilhelmstraße 76
Friedrich Gilly		1772	1800	Neoclassical	Frieze on the Alte Münze, Berlin	1800
Karl Friedrich Schinkel		1781	1841	Neo-Gothic	Altes Museum, Berlin	1821
Leo von Klenze		1784	1864	Neoclassical	Walhalla, Regensburg	1842
Friedrich von Gärtner		1791	1847	Romanesque revival	Royal Palace, Athens	1843
Heinrich Hübsch		1795	1863	Rundbogenstil	Westwerk of Speyer Cathedral	1858
Gottfried Semper		1803	1879	Neoclassical, Renaissance revival	Semperoper, Dresden	1878
August Soller		1805	1853	Rundbogenstil	St. Michael's Church, Berlin	1861
Friedrich August Stüler		1800	1865	Schinkel school	Neues Museum, Berlin	1855
Friedrich Ludwig Persius		1803	1845	Schinkel school	Schloss Babelsberg, Potsdam	1845
Heinrich Strack		1805	1880	Schinkel school	Berlin Victory Column, Berlin	1874
Richard Lucae		1829	1877	Historicism	Alte Oper, Frankfurt	1880
Friedrich Adler
Ferdinand von Arnim
Charles Bartberger
August von Bayer
Richard Bohn
Carl Boos
Harald Julius von Bosse
Karl Bötticher
Friedrich Bürklein
Rudolf Burnitz
Carl Busse
Cremer & Wolffenstein
Oswald Dietz
Ernst Dircksen
Georg von Dollmann
Joseph Elsner
Hermann Ende
Karl Etzel
Friedrich von Gärtner
Franz Christian Gau
Hermann Gemmel
Albert Geutebrück
Karl Gildemeister
Martin Gropius
Carl Haller von Hallerstein
Martin Haller
Wilhelm von Hanno
August Hartel
Conrad Wilhelm Hase
Wilhelm Hauers
Friedrich Maximilian Hessemer
Theodore Heuck
Friedrich Hitzig
Ludwig Hoffmann
Philipp Hoffmann
Heinrich Hübsch
Hermann von der Hude
Carl Humann
Christian Jank
Frederick Kawerau
Leo von Klenze
Eduard Knoblauch
Moritz Landé
Ludwig Lange
Carl Ferdinand Langhans
Georg Ludwig Friedrich Laves
Christian Friedrich von Leins
Constantin Lipsius
Adolf Lohse
Alfred Messel
Eduard Mezger
Georg Moller
Georg Hermann Nicolai
Nikolaus Friedrich von Thouret
Carl Theodor Ottmer
August Pieper
Jacob Ephraim Polzin
Johann Poppe
Domenico Quaglio the Younger
Eduard Riedel
Albrecht Rosengarten
Alexander Saeltzer
Carl Scheppig
Karl Friedrich Schinkel
Heinrich Ernst Schirmer
Heino Schmieden
Franz Heinrich Schwechten
Gottfried Semper
August Soller
Vincenz Statz
Georg Steenke
Heinrich Strack
Friedrich August Stüler
Gottlob Friedrich Thormeyer
Carl Tietz
Georg Gottlob Ungewitter
August von Voit
Gabriel von Seidl
Paul Wallot
Friedrich Weinbrenner
Johann Peter Weyer
Rudolf Wiegmann
Wilhelm Johann Karl Zahn
Ernst Ziller
Ernst Friedrich Zwirner

20th century

Name	Image	Life		Architectural Styles	Representative Work			Ref (s)
		b.	d.		Project	Year	Image
Theodor Fischer		1862	1938	Historicism	Main building, University of Jena
Otto March		1845	1913	Neoclassicism	Deutsches Stadion, Berlin	1913
Alfred Messel		1853	1909	Neue Moderne	Pergamon Museum, Berlin	1930
Peter Behrens		1868	1940	Neue Moderne	AEG turbine factory, Berlin	1909
Hans Poelzig		1869	1936	Neue Moderne	IG Farben Building, Frankfurt	1931
Martin Wagner		1885	1857	Modernism	Berlin Modernism Housing Estates	1931

Third Reich

The

At the same time, the Third Reich began a massive building program. Nazi architecture is the term applied to the architectural style and theory sanctioned by the regime. It is characterized by three forms: a stripped-down, monumental neoclassicism typified by the designs of Albert Speer; a vernacular style that drew upon traditional rural architecture and the völkisch movement; and a utilitarian style used in major infrastructure and military complexes such as the Autobahn and the Atlantic Wall.^[74] Characteristic of the style was a rejection of "modernity" exemplified by the Bauhaus, which the Nazi's called the "the cathedral of Marxism."

While not all architects who worked in Germany during this period were Nazis, many acquiesced to the regime in order to continue to work, and the most ardent set up a para-governmental propaganda unit called the [Kampfbund deutscher Architekten und Ingenieure (KDAI)] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help). These architects actively attacked the modern style in openly racist and political tones.

NSDAP member

Name	Image	Life		Architectural Styles	Representative Work			Ref
		b.	d.		Project/City	f.	Image
Paul Schultze-Naumburg		1869	1949	Important advocate of Nazi architecture, leading critic of Modernism.	Cecilienhof, Potsdam	1917
Eugen Hönig		1873	1945	Nazi architecture	Zum schönen Turm, Munich	1914
Alexander von Senger	—	1880	1968	Swiss architect, theorist. Head of the Munich Architecture School from 1934.	Headquarters of Swiss Re, Zürich	1918		[75]
German Bestelmeyer		1874	1942	Nazi architecture	Luftwaffe Gaukommando, Munich	1936
Paul Ludwig Troost		1878	1934	Nazi architecture	Führerbau, Munich	1934
Roderich Fick	—	1886	1955	Nazi architecture	Kehlsteinhaus, Berchtesgaden
Fritz Todt		1891	1942	Nazi architecture	Reichsautobahn	1935		[76]
Werner March		1894	1976	Neoclassicism	Olympiastadion, Berlin	1936		[77]
Hermann Giesler		1898	1987	Nazi architecture	Ordensburg Sonthofen	1934
Hermann Bartels	—	1900	1989	Nazi architecture	Wewelsburg	1934
Arno Breker		1900	1991	Nazi architecture	New Reich Chancellery	1939
Rudolf Wolters		1903	1983	Nazi architecture	[Prachtallee] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup ( Welthauptstadt Germania	1939
Albert Speer		1905	1981	Adolf Hitler's chief architect. Armaments Minister after 1942. Convicted war criminal 1946, released 1966.	New Reich Chancellery	1939

Postwar

Name	Image	Life		Architectural Styles	Representative Work			Ref (s)
		b.	d.		Project/City	Year	Image
Walter Gropius		1883	1969	Bauhaus	Bauhaus, Dessau	1926
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe		1886	1969	Internationalism	Seagram Building, New York	1958
Hans Scharoun		1893	1972	Organic, Expressionist	Berliner Philharmonie, Berlin	1956

Historicism

Architectural realism

Jugendstil (Art Nouveau)

Traditionalism

• Rudolf Jacobs (1879–1946)

Expressionism

Neue Moderne

Bauhaus

Internationalism

Deconstructivism

High tech

Eco tec

Contemporary modernist

Sustainable architecture

Notes

Dillingen, Bavaria

(1717-1801)