Vatatzes

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Coat of arms of the Vatatzes family

The House of Vatatzes or Batatzes (Greek: Βατάτζης) family was a noble Byzantine Greek family of the 11th–14th centuries with several branches, which produced several senior generals of the Byzantine army and, after John III Doukas Vatatzes intermarried with the Laskaris family, the ruling line of the Empire of Nicaea until the usurpation of Michael VIII Palaiologos in 1261. The feminine form of the name is Vatatzina or Batatzina (Βατατζίνα).[1]

Origins

According to the Greek scholar

ray fish".[3]

The first member of the family, known simply by his surname, is attested around the year 1000.

Didymoteichon as the family's native city.[2][3]

In the 11th–12th centuries

Nicaean emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes (r. 1221/22–1254), identified John with the latter's grandfather, who supposedly had two sons named Nikephoros and Theodore, who were persecuted by Andronikos I Komnenos (r. 1183–1185). According to Niketas Choniates, however, John's sons were named Manuel and Alexios. This is most likely the result of a confusion by the hagiographer.[5][6]

Other contemporary members were Leo Vatatzes, who under Manuel I fought against the

protoproedros, vestarches, megas doux, and praetor of the Aegean Sea";[8] a Joseph Vatatzes, possibly a monk, is also known through his seal, likely from the 13th century;[8][9] while a Basil Vatatzes is known as doux and anagrapheus of a province under the Nicaean emperor Theodore I Laskaris (r. 1205–1221/22).[5]

Rulers of the Empire of Nicaea

Nicaean emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes
, founder of the imperial line of the family

Another

Constantine Strategopoulos, while the other brother had a daughter who became the wife of the protovestiarios Alexios Raoul.[12][13]

Born in c. 1192, John married Irene, daughter of the founder of the Empire of Nicaea,

Helena, he had five children.[15] Theodore II was succeeded by his only son, John IV Laskaris (r. 1258–1261), but was driven from the throne by Michael VIII Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282) after the reconquest of Constantinople in 1261, blinded, and placed in confinement in a remote fortress, where he died some time after 1285.[16]

Later members

The last prominent member was

Persia and Russia and wrote about his travels.[8][23]

A variant of the family name, Diplovatatzes (Διπλοβατάτζης, "Double Vatatzes"), was used from the mid-13th century on for family members who descended from the Vatatzai on both sides. They too ranked among the senior nobility of the late Byzantine Empire.

Renaissance Italy.[8]

Family trees

Komnenian-era family

Eudokia Komnene
(daughter of John II Komnenos)		Theodore Vatatzes
general
megas domestikos

Nicaean imperial dynasty

Emperor of Nicaea (1205-1222)
HOUSE OF LASKARIS
Basil
HOUSE OF VATATZES
Ivan Asen II
tsar of Bulgaria
Isaac
sebastokrator
Emperor of Nicaea (1254-1258)
Elena AseninaJohn
Irene
∞
Emperor of Nicaea (1258-1261)
Maria
∞ Nikephoros I Komnenos Doukas
despot of Epirus		TheodoraMichael VIII
Byzantine Emperor (1259-1282)
HOUSE OF PALAIOLOGOS

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e ODB, "Vatatzes" (A. Kazhdan), pp. 2154–2155.
  2. ^ a b c Amantos 1951, p. 174.
  3. ^ a b Polemis 1968, p. 106.
  4. ^ Wortley 2010, p. 325.
  5. ^ a b c d e Amantos 1951, p. 175.
  6. ^ Polemis 1968, p. 107 (note 5).
  7. ^ a b Amantos 1951, p. 176.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Amantos 1951, p. 177.
  9. ^ PLP, 2520. * Βατάτζης Ἰωσήφ.
  10. ^ Varzos 1984, pp. 851–854.
  11. ^ Varzos 1984, pp. 852 (note 5), 855–857.
  12. ^ Varzos 1984, pp. 855–857.
  13. ^ a b Polemis 1968, pp. 107–109.
  14. ^ ODB, "John III Vatatzes" (M. Angold), pp. 1047–1048.
  15. ^ Polemis 1968, pp. 109–111.
  16. ^ Polemis 1968, pp. 111.
  17. ^ PLP, 2518. Βατάτζης Ἰωάννης.
  18. ^ PLP, 2517. Βατάτζης Ἰωάννης.
  19. ^ PLP, 2521. Βατάτζης Κωνσταντῖνος.
  20. ^ PLP, 2515. Βατάτζης Βασίλειος.
  21. ^ PLP, 2516. Βατάτζης Θεόδωρος.
  22. ^ PLP, 2519. Βατάτζης Ἰωάννης.
  23. ^ Venetis 2012.

Sources

  • Amantos, Konstantinos (1951). "Ἡ οἰκογένεια Βατάτζη". Επετηρίς Εταιρείας Βυζαντινών Σπουδών (in Greek). XI: 174–178.
  • ISBN 0-19-504652-8
    .
  • Polemis, Demetrios I. (1968). The Doukai: A Contribution to Byzantine Prosopography. London: The Athlone Press.
    OCLC 299868377
    .
  • Trapp, Erich; Beyer, Hans-Veit; Walther, Rainer; Sturm-Schnabl, Katja; Kislinger, Ewald; Leontiadis, Ioannis; Kaplaneres, Sokrates (1976–1996).
    ISBN 3-7001-3003-1
    .
  • Varzos, Konstantinos (1984). Η Γενεαλογία των Κομνηνών [The Genealogy of the Komnenoi] (PDF) (in Greek). Vol. B. Thessaloniki:
    OCLC 834784665
    .
  • Venetis, Evangelos (2012). "VATATZES, Vasilios". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
  • Wortley, John, ed. (2010). John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    ISBN 978-0-521-76705-7
    .
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