1913 in aviation
Years in aviation :
|
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 |
| Centuries: | 19th century · 20th century · 21st century |
| Decades: | |
| Years: | 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 |
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1913:
Events
- The Serbian air force is established as an army air service. Six officers receive pilot training in France.
- Mexican pilot Gustavo Salinas Camilla and Frenchman Didier Masson, flying for rebel forces led by Pancho Villa during the Mexican Revolution, attack Mexican federal ground and naval forces.
- The Imperial Japanese Navy places its first aviation ship, the naval auxiliary Wakamiya, in service to operate naval floatplanes.[1]
- The
- The
- Short Brothers patents the first folding wing mechanism.
- Pierre Levasseur's manufacturing firm, Société Pierre Levasseur Aéronautique, which previously made propellers, begins to manufacture aircraft.
- In the
January–June
- 13 January – Brazilian naval aviation commences with the foundation of a flying school.
- 8 February – Russian pilot N. de Sackoff becomes the first pilot shot down in combat when his
- 11 February – The Chilean Army establishes a Military Aviation School at Lo Espejo (now El Bosque).
- March – The Republic of China obtains twelve military aircraft from France.
- 13 February – The Kingdom of Serbia adopts regulations governing the operation of aircraft, making it the fifth country to do so after Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Austria-Hungary.
- 15 March – The Texas Cityto scout for Mexican incursions along the border.
- 1 April – The Romanian Military Aeronautics Service is established. Will become the Romanian Air Corps in 1915.[6]
- April – Gulf of Cattaro as part of an international peacekeeping force sent to the region toward the end of the First Balkan War.[1]
- 16 April – The inaugural 1913 Deperdussinmonoplane, who completes 28 circuits of the 10 km (6.2 mi) course with an average speed of 73.63 km/h (45.75 mph).
- 24 April – The French aviator
- 27 April – Flying a Pacific.[8]
- 7 May – seaplane carrier.[9]
- 13 May – The Cuban aviator
- 15 May – Cuban-born pilot Austin Parlá flies across the Florida Strait without surface support, relying only on a compass, the first person to do so.[12]
- 26 May (13 May O.S.) – Igor Sikorsky flies the world's first four-engine fixed-wing aircraft as he takes his Bolshoi Baltisky biplane (original version of the Russky Vityaz)[13] Ilya Mourometz into the sky for the Imperial Russian Air Service near Saint Petersburg (following test hops flown since three days earlier). Powered by 220 horsepower engines, the bomber could carry up to 1,543 pounds of bombs and has room for four machine guns and a crew of five.[14] It is also the first plane fitted with a lavatory.
- 9 June – A German Zeppelin flies from Baden-Baden, Germany, to Vienna, Austria-Hungary, in only half the time required by the fastest train.[15]
- 21 June –
July–December
- 1 July – The Royal Netherlands Army forms its Aviation Division (Luchtvaart Afdeling)
- 5 July – A seaplanes, the Short Folder S.64 biplane and a Caudron G.3 amphibian. The Short aircraft is the first with folding wings to be used aboard a ship. The maneuvers, which conclude on October 6, demonstrate both the feasibility of extended operations by aircraft at sea and the value of folding wings.[18]
- 17 July – The Royal Navy introduces the term "seaplane"; previously, seaplanes had been known as "hydro-aeroplanes."[19] The term "seaplane" comes into general use during the year.[20]
- 28 July – A Caudron G.3 amphibian takes off from a platform aboard the Hermes while she is underway and lands at Great Yarmouth. It is the first time an aircraft launches from the deck of a ship and lands ashore.[21]
- 7 August – American-born aviation pioneer Samuel Franklin Cody is killed with his passenger (English cricketer William Evans) when his Cody Floatplane breaks up in flight over Hampshire in England.
- 20 August – The French aviator Adolphe Pegoud becomes the first person in Europe to jump from an airplane and land safely when he parachutes from 700 feet (213 m) above Buc, Yvelines, France.
- 1 September – Adolphe Pégoud makes the first inverted flight, flying upside down for 0.4 km (0.25 mile).[22]
- 3 September – During the Avro 503 flown by Leutnant W. Langfeld becomes the first airplane to fly the 40 miles across the North Sea from Wilhelmshaven to Heligoland. It flies back to the German mainland on 15 September, landing at Cuxhaven.[23]
- 9 September
- Kiev, Russia.
- Maurice Prevost reaches 204 km/h (127 mph) in a Deperdussin racing aeroplane.
- Helgoland Island air disaster: The first fatalities aboard a German airship occur when the Imperial German Navy Zeppelin dirigible LZ 14 (naval designation L 1) is forced down into the North Sea off Heligoland during a thunderstorm, killing 16 of the 22 men on board. Among the dead are the commanding officer of the Naval Airship Division, Kapitänleutnant Matzing.[24][25]
- 13 September – Aurel Vlaicu, Romanian engineer and inventor, dies near Câmpina, Romania, while attempting to fly across the Carpathian Mountains in his Vlaicu II airplane.
- 20 September – The second annual Bentfield Hucks wins in a Blériotairplane.
- 21 September – Adolphe Pégoud loops a Blériot XI over France, believing it to be the first loop in history. The feat is widely publicized as the world's first loop until word of Pyotr Nesterov's loop over Russia of 12 days before spreads.
- 23 September – Roland Garros makes the first flight across the Mediterranean Sea, 729 km (453 mi) from Saint-Raphaël, Var, France, to Bizerte, Tunisia, in 7 hours 53 minutes.
- October – The Imperial Japanese Navy includes an aviation ship, the naval auxiliary Wakamiya, in its annual naval exercises for the first time. Wakamiya operates one or two Farman floatplanes during the exercise, which lasts into November.[26]
- 17 October – Johannisthal Air Disaster: Imperial German Navy Zeppelin LZ 18 (naval designation L 2) burns in mid-air near Johannisthal Air Field in Germany and crashes, killing all 28 on board.[25][27]
- November
- The first air-to-air combat in history takes place over Mexico when aircraft exchange pistol shots during the Mexican Revolution, apparently scoring no hits.[28]
- The second
- 29 November – Fémina Cup for the longest solo flight by a woman that year.[30]
- December – The 1st Aero Squadron, previously a provisional organization, into its first official aviation squadron.[31]
- 13–14 December – German balloonist Hugo Kaulen stays aloft for 87 hours. This record lasts until 1935.
First flights
- Avro 511 (probable first flight)
- Nieuport-Macchi Parasol
- Autumn 1913 – Grigorovich M-1
January
May
- 26 May – Sikorsky Russky Vityaz (see Events above)
August
- 12 August – Bristol T.B.8
September
November
December
- 11 December – Sikorsky Ilya Muromets
Entered service
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Notes
- ^ a b Layman 1989, p. 85.
- ^ Layman 1989, p. 96.
- ^ Layman 1989, p. 106.
- ISBN 0-7607-2012-6, p. 13.
- ISBN 0-8160-1854-5, page 61.
- ^ Orzeță, Mihail; Avram, Valeriu (2018). Romanian Aviation in the First World War (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2021-12-03.
- ISBN 0-942191-01-3, p. 171.
- ^ Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum – Fowler-Gage Tractor
- ^ Layman 1989, p. 34.
- ^ "Century of Flight Aviation Timeline: World Aviation in 1913". Archived from the original on 2012-09-19. Retrieved 2013-01-19.
- ISBN 0-942191-01-3, p. 172.
- ^ a b hispanicpilots.net Domingo Rosillo[permanent dead link]
- ISBN 978-0-7385-4995-8.
- ^ Oakes, Elizabeth H., ed. (2007). "Sikorsky, Igor". Encyclopedia of World Scientists (Rev. ed.). Infobase Publishing. p. 667.
- ISBN 0-942191-01-3, p. 173.
- ^ Roberson, Elizabeth Whitley, Tiny Broadwick: The First Lady of Parachuting, Pelican Publishing, 2001, p. 48.
- ^ Parramore, Thomas C., First to Fly: North Carolina & the Beginnings of Aviation, University of North Carolina Press, 2003, p. 181.
- ^ Layman 1989, p. 34-7.
- ISBN 1-55750-076-2, p. 10.
- ISBN 0-8050-1352-0, p.158.
- ^ Layman 1989, pp. 35, 37.
- ISBN 0-942191-01-3, p. 175.
- ^ Their Flying Machines: Avro 503/Type H
- ISBN 1-56619-390-7, pp. 14–15 (which claims all aboard died).
- ^ Phythyon, John R., Jr., Great War at Sea: Zeppelins, Virginia Beach, Virginia: Avalanche Press, Inc., 2007, p. 8.
- ^ Layman 1989, p. 87.
- ISBN 1-56619-390-7, pp. 14–15.
- ISBN 9781846810008, p. 16.
- ISBN 0-370-30084-X.
- ^ Pawlak, Debra Ann, "The Baroness of Flight," Aviation History, July 2008, p. 17.
- LCCN 61060979.
- ISBN 0-85177-834-8.
References
- Layman, R.D., Before the Aircraft Carrier: The Development of Aviation Vessels 1849–1922, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1989, ISBN 0-87021-210-9