Cefaclor

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Cefaclor
Clinical data
Trade namesBiocef, Ceclor, Medacef, Distaclor, Keflor, Raniclor
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682729
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B1
Routes of
administration		Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityWell absorbed, independent of food intake
Metabolism15% to 40%
Elimination half-life0.6 to 0.9 hours
ExcretionRenal
Identifiers
  • (6R,7R)-7-{[(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetyl]amino}- 3-chloro-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene- 2-carboxylic acid
JSmol)
  • O=C2N1/C(=C(/Cl)CS[C@@H]1[C@@H]2NC(=O)[C@@H](c3ccccc3)N)C(=O)O.O
  • InChI=1S/C15H14ClN3O4S.H2O/c16-8-6-24-14-10(13(21)19(14)11(8)15(22)23)18-12(20)9(17)7-4-2-1-3-5-7;/h1-5,9-10,14H,6,17H2,(H,18,20)(H,22,23);1H2/t9-,10-,14-;/m1./s1 checkY
  • Key:WKJGTOYAEQDNIA-IOOZKYRYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Cefaclor, sold under the trade name Ceclor among others, is a second-generation

bacterial infections such as pneumonia and infections of the ear, lung, skin, throat, and urinary tract. It is also available from other manufacturers as a generic.[1]

It was patented in 1973 and approved for medical use in 1979.[2]

Medical uses

Cefaclor belongs to the family of antibiotics known as the

Gram-positive organisms.[citation needed
]

Spectrum of activity

Cefaclor is frequently used against bacteria responsible for causing skin infections, otitis media, urinary tract infections, and others. Cefaclor has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections: Gram positive aerobes - Staphylococci (including coagulase-positive, coagulase-negative, and penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes (group A β-hemolytic streptococci). [3] The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms.

  • Haemophilus influenzae: 0.03 μg/mL - 128 μg/mL
  • Staphylcoccus aureus: 0.6 μg/mL - 128 μg/mL
  • Streptococcus pyogenes: 0.06 μg/mL - 4 μg/mL

[4]

Cautions and contraindications

Cautions include known sensitivity to beta-lactam antibacterials, such as penicillins (Cefaclor should be avoided if there is a history of immediate

breast-feeding (but appropriate to use); false positive urinary glucose (if tested for reducing substances) and false positive Coombs test. Cefaclor has also been reported to cause a serum sickness-like reaction in children.[5][6]

Cefaclor is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity (i.e. allergy) to cephalosporins.[citation needed]

Side effects

Skin allergy to cefaclor

The principal

hallucinations, confusion, hypertonia, and dizziness. Toxic epidermal necrolysis has been reported. In the UK, The Committee on the Safety of Medicines (CSM) has warned that the risk of diarrhea and rarely antibiotic-associated colitis are more likely with higher doses.[citation needed
]

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Cefaclor is passed into the breast milk in small quantities, but is generally accepted to be safe to take during breastfeeding.[9] Cefaclor is not known to be harmful in pregnancy.[10]

Interactions

Coumarins

INR, and dose adjustment as necessary.[citation needed
]

Probenecid

Excretion of

cephalosporins is reduced by probenecid (resulting in increased concentrations of drug in the blood plasma).[citation needed
]

Antacids

Absorption of cefaclor is reduced by

antacids. Therefore antacids should not be taken right before or at the same time as cefaclor.[11][12]

References

  1. ^ "Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved Drugs".
  2. ISBN 9783527607495
    .
  3. ^ Salvi R. "Cefaclor drugs and health products". sdrugs.com.
  4. ^ "Cefaclor Susceptibilty and Resistance Data" (PDF). TOKU-E. 18 August 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2013-08-13.
  5. PMID 1802903
    .
  6. S2CID 46029579
    .
  7. ^ Zagursky RJ, Pichichero ME. Cross-reactivity in β-Lactam Allergy [published correction appears in J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022 Feb;10(2):651]
  8. S2CID 25762196
    .
  9. ^ "Summary of Cefaclor's use during lactation". LactMED. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  10. PMID 8498418
    .
  11. ^ "Ceclor Uses, Side Effects & Warnings". Drugs.com.
  12. PMID 1287615
    .
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