Coalition of the willing (Iraq War)
The term coalition of the willing was applied to the
Usage over Iraq
In November 2002,
The
The list of coalition members provided by the White House included several nations that did not intend to participate in actual military operations. Some of them, such as Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau and Solomon Islands, did not have standing armies. However, through the Compact of Free Association, citizens of the Marshall Islands, Palau and the Federated States of Micronesia are allowed to serve in the US military. The members of these island nations have deployed in a combined Pacific force consisting of Guamanian, Hawaiian and Samoan reserve units. They have been deployed twice to Iraq. The government of one country, the Solomon Islands, listed by the White House as a member of the coalition, was apparently unaware of any such membership and promptly denied it.[4] According to a 2010 study, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands and Palau (and Tonga and the Solomon Islands to a lesser extent) were all economically dependent on economic aid from the United States, and thus had an economic incentive to join the Coalition of the Willing.[5]
In December 2008,
By August 2009, all non-U.S./UK coalition members had withdrawn from Iraq.
List of countries
On March 18, 2003, the State Department made public a list of 31 countries that participated in the US-led coalition: Afghanistan, Albania, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Georgia, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, the Philippines, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom and Uzbekistan.[9]
On March 20, 2003, the White House released a list with the following additions: Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Kuwait, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Mongolia, Palau, Portugal, Rwanda, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Uganda.[9][2] Panama was added to the list the next day.[2] In April 2003, Angola, Tonga and Ukraine were included in the list, bringing the number of allied nations to 49 (including the United States).[2] In October or November 2004, Costa Rica was dropped from the list, so that there were 48 nations left.[2]
Criticism of use
Specific uses of the phrase in the context of disarming Iraq began appearing in mid-2001.[10]
In the second debate in
Late
In Dude, Where's My Country?, Michael Moore argues that the very idea of a "coalition of the willing" was inaccurate. In making his case, Moore notes that most of the countries contributing troops to the coalition were small countries with practically no economic clout, and that the countries' general populations opposed the invasion.
See also
- Coalition of the willing - Political phrase.
- Coalition of the willing (disambiguation)
References
- ^ "Bush: Join 'coalition of willing'". CNN. 2002-11-20. Retrieved 2010-04-30.
- ^ a b c d e f Althaus, Scott; Leetaru, Kalev (November 25, 2008). "Airbrushing History, American Style". University of Illinois Cline Center for Democracy. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
- ^ "Costa Rica Asks to Be Taken Off U.S. List of Iraq Coalition Partners". Los Angeles Times. From Associated Press. 10 September 2004. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
- ^ Perrott, A.: "Coalition of the Willing? Not us, say Solomon islanders". The New Zealand Herald, March 27, 2003..
- .
- Daily Illini. Retrieved 2008-12-05.[permanent dead link]
- The Raw Story. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
- ^ "United States Department of Defense" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-09-02.
- ^ a b Schifferes, Steve (March 21, 2003). "US says 'coalition of willing' grows". BBC News. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- ^ "International Contributions to the War Against Terrorism". 2001-2009.state.gov. U.S. Department of Defense, Office of Public Affairs. 2002-06-14. Retrieved 2019-12-03.
- ^ McClure, Laura (March 12, 2003). "Coalition of the billing -- or unwilling?". Salon. Retrieved April 22, 2023.
- ^ Alternative Radio Australia - Tariq Ali Retrieved September 28, 2015
- ^ Iraq Poll 2003 Archived 2009-01-26 at the Wayback Machine Gallup International Association
- ^ "Missile defence for 'coalition of the idiots': Liberal MP".
External links
- Bush: Join 'Coalition of Willing (CNN)
- A Coalition of the "Willing"? Misnomer, February 11, 2003, summary of public opinion on the invasion of Iraq.