Execution of Nimr al-Nimr

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Nimr Baqir al-Nimr was a Shia cleric and critic of the government in Saudi Arabia, who was beheaded on 2 January 2016,[1] one of 47 people executed that day for terrorism offenses.[2] Others executed included Sunnis who had been convicted of involvement in terror attacks linked to al-Qaeda which took place in 2003.[2] News of the killings triggered international demonstrations, and condemnation by nations, supranational organizations, and human rights groups.

Execution

See also: 2016 Saudi Arabia mass execution

In October 2014, Saudi Arabia's Supreme Court approved a death sentence for Nimr for disobeying the ruler, inciting sectarian strife, and encouraging, leading and participating in demonstrations.[3] According to sources, the main charge was his criticism of Saudi's officials.[4][5][6] On 2 January 2016, Saudi Arabia government executed 47 prisoners and declared that Nimr had been among them.[5][7]

Street protests

See also: 2016 attack on the Saudi diplomatic missions in Iran
Protest in Mashhad in front of the Saudi consulate.

Protests were held after Nimr's execution in many cities of world such as London, Tehran, Chicago, Toronto,[8] Iranian holy cities of Qom and Mashhad, Iraq,[citation needed] Lebanon, Afghanistan,[citation needed] Pakistan, India's Jammu and Kashmir state, Turkey, and in front of the Saudi Embassy in Athens, Greece[9] Washington, United States,[10] and Canberra, Australia.[11]

People in the Qatif region of Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province have taken to the streets with protesters marching from Nimr's hometown of al-Awamiyah to Qatif, chanting: "Down with the Al Saud".[citation needed]

On 2 January, the day of the execution, protesters gathered outside Tehran's Saudi embassy, shouting "death to

Police donned riot gear and arrested 40 people during the incident.[13][14][15][16] The Iranian Foreign Ministry has appealed for calm and to respect diplomatic premises.[17] The day after, protests were held again by hundreds of Iranians in Tehran,[citation needed] and President Rouhani called the damage on embassy "by no means justifiable".[12] Elsewhere, there were protests in the Iranian holy city of Qom.[citation needed
]

Hundreds of people held a protest rally in the

al-Daih and Sitra, chanting slogans against Saudi Arabia's ruling Al Saud family and the Sunni family ruling Bahrain, and calling Nimr "our martyr".[19]

In Iraq, protestors broke into the Saudi embassy, which has not been officially opened yet.[20] Footage of a rocket attack on the Saudi embassy in Baghdad also was released by the media.[citation needed]

In the Indian city of Srinagar, the capital of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, people protested using anti-Saudi banners. The protesters were marching towards the UN office at Sonawar, only to be intercepted by the police. Similar protests were held in the Kargil district, where religious organisations called for three days of mourning.[21]

Subsequent events

On 5 January 2016 a

Buddhist, Christian and Muslim (Shia & Sunni) communities of Leh and Kargil to demonstrate their solidarity with human rights and voice against Nimr's execution, a local kashmir journalist Raqib Hameed Naik reported.[22]

Boustan Street in Tehran was renamed Nimr Baqir al-Nimr Street soon after the execution. [citation needed]

Reactions of religious and political figures

Involved parties

  • Saudi Arabia
    • Nimr's brother, Mohammed al-Nimr, said that the pro-democracy movement in Saudi Arabia would only be strengthened after this execution.[23] He described his brother as "a humble, religious man who lived a simple life, making him attractive to many youths", and that his execution "will spark anger of (Shia) youths", and said he hoped any response would be peaceful.[24]
    • Saudi Arabia broke off diplomatic relations with Iran.[25]

Supranational bodies

  • United Nations
    • UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon voiced his dismay over the execution of Nimr. Statements also revealed that the Secretary-General had raised Nimr's case with the leadership of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on a number of occasions.[26][27] Ban Ki-Moon also called the Saudi breaking of diplomatic ties with Iran "deeply worrying".[citation needed]
    • The
      fair trial guarantees, and full transparency throughout the process.[citation needed
      ]
  • European Union
    • High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Federica Mogherini condemned the execution, stating that Nimr's death raises serious concerns regarding freedom of expression and the respect of basic civil and political rights".[28]

In other countries

NGOs

  • unfair trial and that his execution was "only adding to the existing sectarian discord and unrest".[24]
  • Amnesty International called Sheikh Nimr's trial political, grossly unfair, and stated that the execution was to settle political scores.[53][54]
  • Ian Bremmer, the president of Eurasia Group, told Business Insider that "Saudi Arabia is in serious trouble and they know it", concluding that by cutting diplomatic ties with Iran, Saudi Arabia "wants to make regional tensions an Iran story, which helps them domestically".[55]

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b "BBC, Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr: Saudi Arabia executes top Shia cleric, 2 January 2016". BBC News. 2 January 2016. Archived from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
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  5. ^ a b "Saudi announces execution of 47 'terrorists'". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
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  12. ^ a b c d e f g h Cassandra Vinograd (3 January 2016). "Iran Slams Saudi Arabia's Execution of Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr as Backlash Mounts". NBC News. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2016.
  13. ^ a b Yousuf Basil, Salma Abdelaziz and Michael Pearson, CNN (2 January 2016). "Tehran protest after Saudi Arabia executes Shiite cleric – CNN.com". CNN. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2016. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  15. ^ Staff writers. "Farsnews". en.farsnews.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
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