List of mammals of Portugal
This list shows the
EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. |
CR | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. |
EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
NT | Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. |
LC | Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. |
DD | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2019) |
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing.
- Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Sciuridae(squirrels)
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Genus: Sciurus
- Red squirrel, S. vulgaris LC[1]
- Genus: Sciurus
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Family: Gliridae(dormice)
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Genus: Eliomys
- Garden dormouse, E. quercinus NT[2]
- Genus: Eliomys
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Family: Cricetidae (hamsters, voles, lemmings)
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Arvicola
- Southwestern water vole, A. sapidus VU[3]
- European water vole, A. amphibius LC[4]
- Genus: Microtus
- Cabrera's vole, M. cabrerae NT[5]
- Field vole, M. agrestis LC
- Mediterranean pine vole, M. duodecimcostatus LC
- Lusitanian pine vole, M. lusitanicus LC
- Genus: Arvicola
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Family: Muridae (mice and rats)
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Genus: Apodemus
- Wood mouse, A. sylvaticus LC
- Genus: Mus
- House mouse, M. musculus LC
- Algerian mouse, M. spretus LC
- Genus: Rattus
- Genus: Apodemus
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Family:
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
- Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Oryctolagus
- European rabbit, O. cuniculus EN[7]
- Genus: Lepus
- Granada hare, L. granatensis LC[8]
- Genus: Oryctolagus
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
- Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2019) |
The Soricomorpha are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
- Family: Soricidae(shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Genus: Crocidura
- Greater white-toothed shrew, C. russula LC
- Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens LC[10]
- Genus: Suncus
- Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus LC
- Genus: Crocidura
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Genus: Neomys
- Southern water shrew, N. anomalus LC
- Genus: Neomys
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Iberian shrew, S. granarius LC
- Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus LC
- Genus: Sorex
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Subfamily:
- Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Talpinae
- Tribe: Desmanini
- Genus: Galemys
- Pyrenean desman, G. pyrenaicus VU[11]
- Genus: Galemys
- Tribe: Talpini
- Genus: Talpa
- Iberian mole, T. occidentalis LC
- Genus:
- Tribe:
- Subfamily: Talpinae
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2019) |
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Myotis
- Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini NT[12]
- Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis LC[13]
- Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii LC[14]
- Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus LC[15]
- Escalera's bat, M. escalerai LC[16]
- Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus LC[17]
- Natterer's bat, M. nattereri LC[18]
- Genus:
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Barbastella
- Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus NT[19]
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Serotine bat, E. serotinus LC
- Genus: Nyctalus
- Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus NT[20]
- Lesser noctule, N. leisleri LC[21]
- Azores noctule, N. azoreum VU
- Genus: Pipistrellus
- Madeira pipistrelle, P. maderensis VU
- Genus: Plecotus
- Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus LC[22]
- Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus LC
- Genus: Barbastella
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Family: Miniopteridae
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii VU[23]
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Family: Molossidae
- Genus: Tadarida
- European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis LC[24]
- Genus: Tadarida
- Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale NT[25]
- Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum LC[26]
- Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros LC[27]
- Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi VU[28]
- Genus:
- Subfamily:
Order: Cetacea (whales)
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2019) |
The order Cetacea includes
- Suborder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenidae
- Genus: Eubalaena
- North Atlantic right whale, E. glacialis EN
- Genus:
- Family: Balaenopteridae
- Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Fin whale, B. physalus EN
- Blue whale, B. musculus EN
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Subfamily:
- Family: Balaenidae
- Suborder: Odontoceti
- Superfamily: Platanistoidea
- Family: Phocoenidae
- Genus: Phocoena
- Harbour porpoise, P. phocoena VU
- Genus: Phocoena
- Family: Physeteridae
- Genus: Physeter
- Sperm whale, P. macrocephalus VU
- Genus: Physeter
- Family: Kogiidae
- Genus: Kogia
- Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps DD[29]
- Dwarf sperm whale, K. sima LC
- Genus: Kogia
- Family: Ziphidae
- Genus: Ziphius
- Cuvier's beaked whale, Z. cavirostris DD
- Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
- Genus: Hyperoodon
- Bottlenose whale, H. ampullatus DD
- Genus: Mesoplodon
- Sowerby's beaked whale, M. bidens DD
- Blainville's beaked whale, M. densirostris DD
- True's beaked whale, M. mirus DD
- Genus:
- Genus:
- Family: Delphinidae(marine dolphins)
- Genus: Lagenorhynchus
- White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC
- Genus: Leucopleurus
- Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Leucopleurus acutus LC
- Genus: Steno
- Rough-toothed dolphin, S. bredanensis DD
- Genus: Tursiops
- Bottlenose dolphin, T. truncatus DD
- Genus: Stenella
- Striped dolphin, S. coeruleoalba DD
- Atlantic spotted dolphin, S. frontalis DD
- Genus: Delphinus
- Short-beaked common dolphin, D. delphis VU
- Genus: Grampus
- Risso's dolphin, G. griseus DD
- Genus: Feresa
- Pygmy killer whale, F. attenuata DD
- Genus: Pseudorca
- False killer whale, P. crassidens LC
- Genus: Orcinus
- Orca O. orca DD
- Genus: Globicephala
- Short-finned pilot whale, G. macrorhynchus LC
- Long-finned pilot whale, G. melas LC
- Genus: Lagenorhynchus
- Family:
- Superfamily:
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which primarily eat meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Felis
- European wildcat, F. silvestris LC[30]
- Genus: Lynx
- Iberian lynx, L. pardinus EN reintroduced[31]
- Genus: Felis
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Family: Viverridae
- Subfamily: Viverrinae
- Genus: Genetta
- Common genet, G. genetta LC introduced[32]
- Genus:
- Subfamily: Viverrinae
- Family: Herpestidae
- Genus: Herpestes
- Egyptian mongoose, H. ichneumon LC[33]
- Genus: Herpestes
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs and foxes)
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Lutra
- European otter, L. lutra NT[36]
- Genus: Martes
- Beech marten, M. foina LC[37]
- European pine marten, M. martes LC[38]
- Genus: Meles
- European badger, M. meles LC[39]
- Genus: Mustela
- Stoat, M. erminea LC[40]
- Least weasel, M. nivalis LC[41]
- European polecat, M. putorius LC[42]
- Genus: Neogale
- American mink, N. vison LC introduced[43]
- Genus: Lutra
- Family: Phocidae(earless seals)
- Genus: Cystophora
- Hooded seal, C. cristata VU[44]
- Genus: Erignathus
- Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus LC
- Genus: Monachus
- Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus EN Madeira only[45]
- Genus: Phoca
- Common seal, P. vitulina LC
- Genus: Pusa
- Ringed seal, P. hispida LC
- Genus: Cystophora
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2019) |
The even-toed ungulates are
- Family: Cervidae
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Genus: Cervus
- Genus: Dama
- European fallow deer, D. dama LC introduced[47]
- Subfamily: Capreolinae
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Family: Bovidae
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Genus: Capra
- Spanish ibex, C. pyrenaica LC reintroduced
- Portuguese ibex, C. p. lusitanica EX
- Western Spanish ibex, C. p. victoriae introduced
- Genus: Capra
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Family: Suidae
Locally extinct
The following species are
- Brown bear, Ursus arctos[50]
- Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula[51]
- Eurasian beaver, Castor fiber[52]
- Wild horse, Equus ferus[53][54][55]
See also
- List of chordate orders
- List of prehistoric mammals
- Lists of mammals by region
- Mammal classification
- List of mammals described in the 2000s
References
- ^ Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Muñoz, L. J. P. (2010). "Sciurus vulgaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T20025A9136220.
- ^ Bertolino, S.; Amori, G.; Henttonen, H.; Zagorodnyuk, I.; Zima, J.; Juškaitis, R.; Meinig, H. & Kryštufek, B. (2008). "Eliomys quercinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T7618A12835766.
- ^ Rigaux, P.; Vaslin, M.; Noblet, J. F.; Amori, G. & Muñoz, L. J. P. (2008). "Arvicola sapidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T2150A9290712.
- ^ Batsaikhan, N.; Henttonen, H.; Meinig, H.; Shenbrot, G.; Bukhnikashvili, A.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. (2016). "Arvicola amphibius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2149A115060819.
- ^ Fernandes, M.; Pita, R. & Mira, A. (2019). "Microtus cabrerae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T13418A90931498.
- ^ Kryštufek, B.; Palomo, L.J.; Hutterer, R.; Mitsain, G. & Yigit, N. (2015). "Rattus rattus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T19360A115148682.
- ^ Villafuerte, R.; Delibes-Mateos, M. (2019). "Oryctolagus cuniculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41291A45189779.
- .
- .
- ^ Hutterer, R.; Amori, G.; Krystufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G.& Palomo, L.J. (2010). "Crocidura suaveolens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T29656A9511068.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Fernandes, M.; Herrero, J.; Aulagnier, S. & Amori, G. (2008). "Galemys pyrenaicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T8826A12934876.
- ^ Paunović, M. (2019). "Myotis bechsteinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T14123A22053752.
- ^ Coroiu, I.; Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis myotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14133A22051759.
- ^ Kruskop, S.V.; Godlevska, L.; Bücs, S.; Çoraman, E. & Gazaryan, S. (2020). "daubentonii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85342710A22054773.
- ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Myotis emarginatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14129A22051191.
- ^ Ibáñez, C. & Juste, J. (2017). "Myotis escalerai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T85733126A85733299.
- ^ Coroiu, I. (2016). "Myotis mystacinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14134A22052250.
- ^ Gazaryan, S.; Kruskop, S.V. & Godlevska, L. (2020). "Myotis nattereri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85733032A22052584.
- ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Barbastella barbastellus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2553A22029285.
- ^ Hutson, A. M.; Alcaldé, J. T.; Juste, J.; Karataş, A.; Palmeirim, J. & Paunović, M. (2010). "Nyctalus lasiopterus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14918A4471682.
- ^ Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Nyctalus leisleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14919A22016159.
- ^ Gazaryan, S.; Kruskop, S.V. & Godlevska, L. (2021) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Plecotus auritus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85535522A195861341.
- ^ Gazaryan, S.; Bücs, S. & Çoraman, E. (2021) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Miniopterus schreibersii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T81633057A19585652.
- ^ Benda, P. & Piraccini, R. (2016). "Tadarida teniotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T21311A22114995.
- ^ Juste, J. & Alcaldé, J. (2016). "Rhinolophus euryale". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19516A21971185.
- ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Rhinolophus ferrumequinum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19517A21973253.
- ^ Taylor, P. (2016). "Rhinolophus hipposideros". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19518A21972794.
- ^ Alcaldé, J.; Benda, P. & Juste, J. (2016). "Rhinolophus mehelyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19519A21974380.
- .
- . Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ Rodríguez, A. & Calzada, J. (2015). "Lynx pardinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12520A50655794.
- ^ Gaubert, P.; Carvalho, F.; Camps, D. & Do Linh San, E. (2015). "Genetta genetta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41698A45218636.
- ^ Do Linh San, E.; Maddock, A.H.; Gaubert, P. & Palomares, F. (2016). "Herpestes ichneumon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41613A45207211.
- ^ Hoffmann, M. & Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2016). "Vulpes vulpes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T23062A46190249.
- ^ Boitani, L.; Phillips, M. & Jhala, Y. (2018). "Canis lupus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T3746A119623865.
- ^ Roos, A.; Loy, A.; de Silva, P.; Hajkova, P. & Zemanová, B. (2015). "Lutra lutra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12419A21935287.
- ^ Abramov, A.V.; Kranz, A.; Herrero, J.; Krantz, A.; Choudhury, A. & Maran, T. (2016). "Martes foina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29672A45202514.
- ^ Herrero, J.; Kranz, A.; Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Maran, T. & Monakhov, V.G. (2016). "Martes martes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12848A45199169.
- ^ Kranz, A.; Abramov, A. V.; Herrero, J. & Maran, T. (2016). "Meles meles". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29673A45203002.
- ^ Reid, F.; Helgen, K. & Kranz, A. (2016). "Mustela erminea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29674A45203335.
- ^ McDonald, R. A.; Abramov, A. V.; Stubbe, M.; Herrero, J.; Maran, T.; Tikhonov, A.; Cavallini, P.; Kranz, A.; Giannatos, G.; Kryštufek, B. & Reid, F. (2019). "Mustela nivalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T70207409A147993366.
- ^ Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Herrero, J.; Kitchener, A.; Maran, T.; Kranz, A.; Sándor, A.; Stubbe, M.; Saveljev, A.; Savour-Soubelet, A.; Guinot-Ghestem, M.; Zuberogoitia, I.; Birks, J.D.S.; Weber, A.; Melisch, R. & Ruette, S. (2016). "Mustela putorius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41658A45214384.
- ^ Reid, F.; Schiaffini, M. & Schipper, J. (2016). "Neovison vison". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41661A45214988.
- ^ Kovacs, K. (2016). "Cystophora cristata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T6204A45225150.
- ^ Karamanlidis, A. & Dendrinos, P. (2015). "Monachus monachus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T13653A45227543.
- ^ Lovari, S.; Lorenzini, R.; Masseti, M.; Pereladova, O.; Carden, R.F.; Brook, S.M. & Mattioli, S. (2018). "Cervus elaphus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T55997072A142404453.
- ^ Masseti, M. & Mertzanidou, D. (2008). "Dama dama". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T42188A10656554.
- ^ Lovari, S.; Herrero, J.; Masseti, M.; Ambarli, H.; Lorenzini, R. & Giannatos, G. (2016). "Capreolus capreolus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42395A22161386.
- ^ Keuling, O. & Leus, K. (2019). "Sus scrofa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41775A44141833.
- ^ McLellan, B. N.; Proctor, M. F.; Huber, D. & Michel, S. (2017). "Ursus arctos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T41688A121229971.
- ^ Csorba, G. & Hutson, A.M. (2016). "Nyctalus noctula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14920A22015682.
- ^ Batbold, J.; Batsaikhan, N.; Shar, S.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. (2016). "Castor fiber". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T4007A115067136.
- S2CID 55004515.
- ^ Pascual Barea, J. (2017). Equiferus hispanus o cebro ibérico: el caballo salvaje de la Península Ibérica desde la Antigüedad a época Moderna.
- ^ Pascual Barea, J. (2021). Equiferi y aquifolia: Cebros y acebos en la toponimia de la península ibérica.
External links
- "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006. Retrieved 22 May 2007.