List of mammals of Switzerland
This list shows the
EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. |
CR | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. |
EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
NT | Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. |
LC | Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. |
DD | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing.
- Suborder: Castorimorpha
- Family: Castoridae
- Subfamily: Castorinae
- Tribe: Castorini
- Genus: Castor
- Eurasian beaver, C. fiber LC[1] reintroduced
- Genus:
- Tribe: Castorini
- Subfamily: Castorinae
- Family: Castoridae
- Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Sciuridae(squirrels)
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Genus: Sciurus
- Red squirrel, S. vulgaris LC[2]
- Genus: Sciurus
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Subfamily: Xerinae
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Genus: Marmota
- Alpine marmot, M. marmota LC
- Genus:
- Tribe:
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Family: Gliridae(dormice)
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Genus: Dryomys
- Forest dormouse, D. nitedula LC
- Genus: Eliomys
- Garden dormouse, E. quercinus NT[3]
- Genus: Muscardinus
- Hazel dormouse, M. avellanarius LC
- Genus: Dryomys
- Subfamily: Glirinae
- Genus: Glis
- European edible dormouse, G. glis LC
- Genus: Glis
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Family: Cricetidae
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Arvicola
- European water vole, A. amphibius LC[4]
- Genus: Chionomys
- European snow vole, C. nivalis LC
- Genus: Clethrionomys
- Bank vole, C. glareolus LC
- Genus: Microtus
- Field vole, M. agrestis LC
- Common vole, M. arvalis LC
- Alpine pine vole, M. multiplex LC
- European pine vole, M. subterraneus LC
- Genus: Arvicola
- Subfamily: Cricetinae
- Genus: Cricetus
- European hamster, C. cricetus CR[5] extirpated
- Genus:
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters)
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Genus: Mus
- House mouse, M. musculus LC
- Genus: Apodemus
- Alpine field mouse, A. alpicola LC
- Yellow-necked mouse, A. flavicollis LC
- Wood mouse, A. sylvaticus LC
- Genus: Micromys
- Eurasian harvest mouse, M. minutus LC
- Genus: Mus
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Family:
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
- Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Lepus
- European hare, L. europaeus LC[6]
- Mountain hare, L. timidus LC[7]
- Genus: Oryctolagus
- European rabbit, O. cuniculus EN introduced[8]
- Genus: Lepus
Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs and moles)
Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
- Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Family: Soricidae(shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Genus: Crocidura
- Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon LC
- Greater white-toothed shrew, C. russula LC
- Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens LC[10]
- Genus: Crocidura
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Genus: Neomys
- Mediterranean water shrew, N. anomalus LC
- Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens LC
- Genus: Neomys
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Alpine shrew, S. alpinus NT
- Common shrew, S. araneus LC
- Crowned shrew, S. coronatus LC
- Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus LC
- Genus: Sorex
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Subfamily:
- Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Talpinae
- Tribe: Talpini
- Genus: Talpa
- Mediterranean mole, T. caeca LC
- European mole, T. europaea LC
- Genus:
- Tribe: Talpini
- Subfamily: Talpinae
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Myotis
- Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini NT[11]
- Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis LC[12]
- Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii LC[13]
- Brandt's bat, M. brandti LC
- Cryptic myotis, M. crypticus NE
- Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii LC
- Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus LC
- Natterer's bat, M. nattereri LC
- Genus:
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Barbastella
- Barbastelle, B. barbastellus NT
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Northern bat, E. nilssoni LC
- Genus: Nyctalus
- Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus NT[14]
- Lesser noctule, N. leisleri LC[15]
- Common noctule, N. noctula LC[16]
- Genus: Pipistrellus
- Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii LC[17]
- Genus: Plecotus
- Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus LC[18]
- Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus NT[19]
- Genus: Barbastella
- Subfamily: Miniopterinae
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii VU[20]
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Family: Molossidae
- Genus: Tadarida
- European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis LC
- Genus: Tadarida
- Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum NT
- Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros NT
- Genus:
- Subfamily:
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Felis
- European wildcat, F. silvestris LC[21]
- Genus: Lynx
- Eurasian lynx, L. lynx LC reintroduced[22]
- Genus: Felis
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Family: Viverridae
- Subfamily: Viverrinae
- Genus: Genetta
- Common genet, G. genetta LC introduced, presence uncertain[23]
- Genus:
- Subfamily: Viverrinae
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae
- Genus: Canis
- Gray wolf, C. lupus LC[24]
- Italian wolf, C. l. italicus
- Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus
- Genus: Vulpes
- Genus: Canis
- Family: Ursidae(bears)
- Genus: Ursus
- Brown bear, U. arctos LC[26] presence uncertain
- Eurasian brown bear, U. a. arctos presence uncertain
- Brown bear, U. arctos LC[26] presence uncertain
- Genus:
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Mustela
- Stoat, M. erminea LC[27]
- European mink, M. lutreola CR extirpated[28]
- Least weasel, M. nivalis LC[29]
- European polecat, M. putorius LC[30]
- Genus: Martes
- Beech marten, M. foina LC[31]
- European pine marten, M. martes LC[32]
- Genus: Meles
- European badger, M. meles LC[33]
- Genus: Lutra
- European otter, L. lutra NT[34]reintroduced
- Genus:
- Family: Canidae
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are
See also
- List of chordate orders
- Lists of mammals by region
- List of prehistoric mammals
- Mammal classification
- List of mammals described in the 2000s
References
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- ^ Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Muñoz, L. J. P. (2010). "Sciurus vulgaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T20025A9136220.
- ^ Bertolino, S.; Amori, G.; Henttonen, H.; Zagorodnyuk, I.; Zima, J.; Juškaitis, R.; Meinig, H. & Kryštufek, B. (2008). "Eliomys quercinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T7618A12835766.
- ^ Batsaikhan, N.; Henttonen, H.; Meinig, H.; Shenbrot, G.; Bukhnikashvili, A.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. (2016). "Arvicola amphibius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2149A115060819.
- . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ Hacklande, K. & Schai-Braun, S. (2019). "Lepus europaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41280A45187424.
- ^ Smith, A.T. & Johnston, C.H. (2019). "Lepus timidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T11791A45177198.
- ^ Villafuerte, R. & Delibes-Mateos, M. (2019). "Oryctolagus cuniculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41291A45189779.
- ^ Amori, G. (2016). "Erinaceus europaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29650A2791303.
- ^ Hutterer, R.; Amori, G.; Krystufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L.J. (2010). "Crocidura suaveolens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T29656A9511068.
- ^ Paunović, M. (2019). "Myotis bechsteinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T14123A22053752.
- ^ Coroiu, I.; Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis myotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14133A22051759.
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- ^ Hutson, A. M.; Alcaldé, J. T.; Juste, J.; Karataş, A.; Palmeirim, J. & Paunović, M. (2010). "Nyctalus lasiopterus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14918A4471682.
- ^ Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Nyctalus leisleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14919A22016159.
- ^ Csorba, G. & Hutson, A.M. (2016). "Nyctalus noctula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14920A22015682.
- ^ Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Juste, J.; Aulagnier, S.; Palmeirim, J.; Karatas, A. & Paunovic, M. (2010). "Pipistrellus nathusii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T17316A6966886.
- ^ Gazaryan, S.; Kruskop, S.V. & Godlevska, L. (2021) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Plecotus auritus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85535522A195861341.
- ^ Gazaryan, S. & Godlevska, L. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Plecotus austriacus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85533333A195862345.
- ^ Gazaryan, S.; Bücs, S. & Çoraman, E. (2021) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Miniopterus schreibersii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T81633057A19585652.
- . Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ Breitenmoser, U.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Lanz, T.; von Arx, M.; Antonevich, A.; Bao, W. & Avgan, B. (2015). "Lynx lynx". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12519A121707666.
- ^ Gaubert, P.; Carvalho, F.; Camps, D. & Do Linh San, E. (2015). "Genetta genetta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41698A45218636.
- ^ Boitani, L.; Phillips, M. & Jhala, Y. (2018). "Canis lupus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T3746A119623865.
- ^ Hoffmann, M.; Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2016). "Vulpes vulpes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T23062A46190249.
- ^ McLellan, B. N.; Proctor, M. F.; Huber, D. & Michel, S. (2017). "Ursus arctos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T41688A121229971.
- ^ Reid, F.; Helgen, K. & Kranz, A. (2016). "Mustela erminea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29674A45203335.
- ^ Maran, T.; Aulagnier, S.; Libois, R.; Kranz, A.; Abramov, A. & Wozencraft, C. (2010). "Mustela lutreola". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14018A4381596.
- ^ McDonald, R. A.; Abramov, A. V.; Stubbe, M.; Herrero, J.; Maran, T.; Tikhonov, A.; Cavallini, P.; Kranz, A.; Giannatos, G.; Kryštufek, B. & Reid, F. (2019). "Mustela nivalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T70207409A147993366.
- ^ Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Herrero, J.; Kitchener, A.; Maran, T.; Kranz, A.; Sándor, A.; Stubbe, M.; Saveljev, A.; Savour-Soubelet, A.; Guinot-Ghestem, M.; Zuberogoitia, I.; Birks, J.D.S.; Weber, A.; Melisch, R. & Ruette, S. (2016). "Mustela putorius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41658A45214384.
- ^ Abramov, A.V.; Kranz, A.; Herrero, J.; Krantz, A.; Choudhury, A. & Maran, T. (2016). "Martes foina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29672A45202514.
- ^ Herrero, J.; Kranz, A.; Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Maran, T. & Monakhov, V.G. (2016). "Martes martes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12848A45199169.
- ^ Kranz, A.; Abramov, A. V.; Herrero, J. & Maran, T. (2016). "Meles meles". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29673A45203002.
- ^ Roos, A.; Loy, A.; de Silva, P.; Hajkova, P.; Zemanová, B. (2015). "Lutra lutra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12419A21935287.
- ^ Lydekker, Richard, ed. (1904). Library of Natural History. Saalfield Publishing Company.
- ^ Toïgo, C.; Brambilla, A.; Grignolio, S. & Pedrotti, L. (2020). "Capra ibex". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T42397A161916377.
- ^ Aulagnier, S.; Giannatos, G. & Herrero, J. (2008). "Rupicapra rupicapra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T39255A10179647.
- ^ Lovari, S.; Lorenzini, R.; Masseti, M.; Pereladova, O.; Carden, R.F.; Brook, S.M. & Mattioli, S. (2018). "Cervus elaphus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T55997072A142404453.
- . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ Lovari, S.; Herrero, J.; Masseti, M.; Ambarli, H.; Lorenzini, R. & Giannatos, G. (2016). "Capreolus capreolus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42395A22161386.
- ^ Keuling, O. & Leus, K. (2019). "Sus scrofa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41775A44141833.
External links
- "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006. Retrieved 6 August 2012.