Promegestone
Progestin | |
| ATC code | |
|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | To albumin[1] |
| Metabolism | Liver (hydroxylation)[1][3] |
| Metabolites | • Trimegestone |
| Elimination half-life | Promegestone: ? Trimegestone: 13.8–15.6 hours[1][2] |
| Identifiers | |
| |
JSmol) | |
| |
| |
Promegestone, sold under the brand name Surgestone, is a
Promegestone was first described in 1973 and was introduced for medical use in
Medical uses
Promegestone is used in
progestogen-only birth control, although it is not specifically licensed as such.[15]
Side effects
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Promegestone is a
antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity.[8][2] In addition, promegestone has been found to possess some neurosteroid activity by acting as a non-competitive antagonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, similarly to progesterone.[16]
Pharmacokinetics
Following
conjugate of trimegestone and 1% of a dose is recovered as the glucuronide and/or sulfate conjugate of 21(R)-hydroxypromegestone.[7]
Chemistry
Promegestone, also known as 17α,21-dimethyl-δ9-19-norprogesterone or as 17α,21-dimethyl-19-norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione, is a
17α-methyl-19-norprogesterone.[9][11][1] Related derivatives of 17α-methyl-19-norprogesterone include demegestone and trimegestone.[9][12][1]
History
Promegestone was first described in the literature in 1973 and was introduced for medical use in France in 1983.[9][10][11][5] It was developed by Roussel Uclaf in France.[5]
Society and culture
Generic names
Promegestone is the
INN, while promégestone is its DCF.[6][9][12] It is also known by its developmental code name R-5020 or RU-5020.[6][9][12]
Brand names
Promegestone is marketed exclusively under the brand name Surgestone.[6][12]
Availability
Promegestone is or has been marketed in France, Portugal, Tunisia, and Argentina.[6][12]
References
- ^ S2CID 24616324.
- ^ S2CID 39422122.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Kuhl H (2011). "Pharmacology of progestogens" (PDF). Journal für Reproduktionsmedizin und Endokrinologie-Journal of Reproductive Medicine and Endocrinology. 8 (Special Issue 1): 157–176.
- ^ PMID 6366037.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-08-058363-1.
- ^ a b c d e f "List of Progestins".
- ^ ISBN 978-3-642-55454-4.
Investigation of the Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Promegestone in Healthy Female Volunteers Following Single Oral Administration of 1 mg Promegestone I Gualano V., 1Geneteau A., I Chassard D., I Fordham P., 2Schatz B. I Aster-Cephac, 3/5, Rue Eugene Millon, 75015 Paris, France 2Laboratoire Aventis, 46 Quai De La Rapee, F-75601 Paris Cedex 12, France. A single 1 mg oral dose of promegestone (Surgestonee, 2x0.5 mg) was given to 12 healthy premenopausal women. The aims were to determine the concentrations of promegestone and its metabolites and their pharmacokinet-ic parameters. Blood and urine samples were followed until 96 hours post dose. To avoid any interference with natural hormones, promegestone was given between day 7 and 10 of the menstrual cycle. Clinical safety and tolerability were good. Most of the minor adverse events observed were estimated possibly linked to the study drug (menstrual disorders) because classically related to progestins therapy. In addition, no clinically relevant biological modifications were observed. There was a stereoselective metabolism of promegestone in favor of the 21S hydroxy-promegestone, the main circulating compound in plasma (AUC ratio 5/R of about 21). Levels of 21S hydroxy-promegestone are about twice greater than that of unchanged promegestone. The plasma levels of the second metabolite, i.e. 21 R hydroxy-promegestone are far below these of either promegestone and 21S hydroxy-promegestone. Promegestone, 215 hydroxy- and 21R hydroxy-promegestone are not excreted in urine. About 3% of the dose was recov-ered in urine as sulfo and/or glucuro-conjugate 21S hydroxy-promegestone and about 1% of the dose as sulfo and/or glucuro conjugate 21R hydroxy-promegestone.
- ^ S2CID 24893971.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
- ^ PMID 4353432.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8155-1856-3.
- ^ ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4684-3826-0.
- PMID 1563574.
- PMID 23078975.
- S2CID 491327.
- PMID 858781.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-323-15344-7.
- ISBN 978-3-319-14385-9.
Further reading
- Raynaud JP, Ojasoo T (1983). "[Promegestone, a new progestin]". Journal de Gynécologie, Obstétrique et Biologie de la Reproduction (in French). 12 (7): 697–710. PMID 6366037.
- Brun G, Dargent D, Pontonnier G, Petrescou L (May 1984). "[Clinical use of promegestone, a progestational agent with high specificity for receptors]". Revue Française de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique (in French). 79 (5): 423–426. PMID 6396815.