Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia
Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia Ру́сская Правосла́вная Це́рковь Заграни́цей | |
---|---|
Independence | 1920 |
Reunion | 2007 |
Recognition | Semi-autonomous within Russian Orthodox Church |
Separations | Russian Orthodox Autonomous Church (1994-1995, then called the Russian Orthodox Free Church) |
Members | 27,700 in the U.S. (9,000 regular church attendees[α])[1][β] |
Official website | www.synod.com |
|
The Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (
The ROCOR was established in the early 1920s as a
After 80 years of separation followed by the fall of the Soviet Union, on 17 May 2007, the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia officially signed the Act of Canonical Communion with the Moscow Patriarchate, restoring the canonical link between the churches.
The ROCOR jurisdiction has around 400 parishes worldwide and an estimated membership of more than 400,000 people.[4] Of these, 232 parishes and 10 monasteries are in the United States; they have 92,000 declared adherents and over 9,000 regular church attendees.[1][5] The ROCOR has 13 hierarchs, with male and female monasteries in the United States, Canada, and the Americas; Australia, New Zealand, and Western Europe.[citation needed]
History
Precursors and early history
In May 1919, during the Russian Revolution, the
In November 1920, after the final defeat of the
In Karlovci
On 14 February 1921, Metropolitan
With the agreement of Patriarch Dimitrije of Serbia, between 21 November and 2 December 1921, the "General assembly of representatives of the Russian Church abroad" (Russian: Всезаграничное Русское Церковное Собрание) took place in Sremski Karlovci. It was later renamed as the "First All-Diaspora Council" and was presided over by Metropolitan Anthony.
The council established the "Supreme Ecclesiastic Administration Abroad" (SEAA), composed of a
Patriarch Tikhon addressed a decree of 5 May 1922 to Metropolitan
In North America, however, a conflict developed among bishops who did not recognize the authority of the Synod, led by Metropolitan Platon (Rozhdestvensky); this group formed the
On 5 September 1927, the Council of Bishops in Sremski Karlovci, presided over by Metropolitan Anthony, decreed a formal break of liaison with the ″Moscow church authority.″ They rejected a demand by Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky) of Nizhny Novgorod, who was acting on behalf of Locum Tenens (Metropolitan Peter of Krutitsy, imprisoned then in the Soviet Gulag, where he later died), to declare political loyalty to the Soviet authorities. The Council of Bishops said that the church administration in Moscow, headed by Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky), was ″enslaved by the godless Soviet power that has deprived it of freedom in its expression of will and canonical governance of the Church.″[13]
While rejecting both the
On 22 June 1934, Metropolitan Sergius and his Synod in Moscow passed judgment on Metropolitan Anthony and his Synod, declaring them to be suspended.[16] Metropolitan Anthony refused to recognize this decision, claiming that it was made under political pressure from Soviet authorities and that Metropolitan Sergius had illegally usurped the position of Locum Tenens. He was supported in this by the Patriarch Varnava of Serbia, who continued to maintain communion with the ROCOR Synod. However, Patriarch Varnava also attempted to mediate between the Karlovci Synod and Metropolitan Sergius in Moscow, and to find a canonically legitimate way to settle the dispute. In early 1934, he had sent a letter to Sergius proposing that the Karlovci bishops be transferred to the jurisdiction of the Serbian Church; the proposal was rejected by Sergius. Sergius continued to demand that all Russian clergy outside the USSR pledge loyalty to the Soviet authorities.[17] Patriarch Varnava's attempts in the mid-1930s to reconcile the rival exile Russian jurisdictions were likewise unsuccessful.[18]
Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky) died in 1936. He was succeeded by
After the deaths of Metropolitan Anthony in August 1936 and Metropolitan
From February 1938,
World War II and post-war period
The relationship between members of the ROCOR and the Nazis in the run-up to and during World War II has been an issue addressed by both the Church and its critics. Metropolitan Anastassy wrote a letter to
Meanwhile, the USSR leadership's policies towards religion in general, as well as policy towards the Moscow Patriarchate's jurisdiction in the USSR, changed significantly. In early September 1943,
Days after the election in September 1943 of Sergius (Stragorodsky) as Patriarch in Moscow, Metropolitan
On 8 September 1944, days before
After the end of World War II, the Moscow Patriarchate was the globally dominant branch of Russian Orthodox Christianity. Countries whose Orthodox bishops had been part of the ROCOR in the
On the other hand, the ROCOR, by 1950 headquartered in New York, the United States, rejected both the Communist regime in the Soviet Union and the Moscow Patriarchate. Its leaders condemned the Moscow Patriarchate as a Soviet Church run by the secret police.[30]
Until well after World War II, most of the Orthodox Church properties in Palestine were controlled by leaders opposed to both the Soviet rule and the Moscow Patriarchate, i.e. mainly within the ROCOR.[citation needed]
When Israel became a state in 1948, it transferred all of the property under the control of the ROCOR within its borders to the Soviet-dominated Russian Orthodox Church in appreciation for Moscow's support of the Jewish state (this support was short-lived). The ROCOR maintained control over churches and properties in the Jordanian-ruled West Bank until the late 1980s.[citation needed]
In January 1951, the Soviets reopened the Russian Palestine Society under the direction of Communist Party agents from Moscow, and replaced Archimandrite Vladimir with Ignaty Polikarp, who had been trained by Communists. They attracted numerous Christian Arabs to the ROC who had Communist sympathies. The members of other branches of Orthodoxy refused to associate with the Soviet-led ROC in Palestine.[31]
Cold War period
The third
After the declaration of Metropolitan Sergius of 1927, there were a range of opinions regarding the Moscow Patriarchate within ROCOR. There was a general belief in ROCOR that the Soviet government was manipulating the Moscow Patriarchate to one extent or another, and that under such circumstances administrative ties were impossible. There were also official statements made that the elections of the patriarchs of Moscow which occurred after 1927 were invalid because they were not conducted freely (without the interference of the Soviets) or with the participation of the entire Russian Church.[32]
Historically, ROCOR has always affirmed that it was an inseparable part of the Russian Church, and that its autonomous status was only temporary, based upon Ukaz 362, until such time as the domination of the Soviet government over the affairs of the Church should cease:
- "The Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia is an indissoluble part of the Russian Orthodox Church, and for the time until the extermination in Russia of the atheist government, is self-governing on conciliar principles in accordance with the resolution of the Patriarch, the Most Holy Synod, and the Highest Church Council [Sobor] of the Russian Church dated 7/20 November 1920, No. 362."[33]
Similarly, Metropolitan
- "As regards the Moscow Patriarchate and its hierarchs, then, so long as they continue in close, active and benevolent cooperation with the Soviet Government, which openly professes its complete godlessness and strives to implant atheism in the entire Russian nation, then the Church Abroad, maintaining Her purity, must not have any canonical, liturgical or even simply external communion with them whatsoever, leaving each one of them at the same time to the final judgment of the Council (Sobor) of the future free Russian Church."[34]
The
Post-Soviet period
In 1997
Alexei made another visit in early January 2000 to meet with Arafat, asking "for help in recovering church properties"[37] as part of a "worldwide campaign to recover properties lost to churches that split off during the Communist era".[38] Later that month the Palestinian Authority again acted to evict ROCOR clergy, this time from the 3-acre (12,000 m2) Monastery of Abraham's Oak in Hebron.[37]
Metropolitan
Reconciliation with the Moscow Patriarchate
In 2000 Metropolitan Laurus became the First Hierarch of the ROCOR; he expressed interest in the idea of reunification. At the time ROCOR insisted that the Moscow Patriarchate address the
At the jubilee Council of Bishops in 2000, the Russian Orthodox Church
ROCOR(V)
The possibility of rapprochement led to a minor
The fourth
The episcopate of the ROCOR asserted that Metropolitan Vitaly was being held hostage by schismatics who took advantage of his failing health and used his name to produce a schism. They claimed that Metropolitan Vitaly's entourage forged his signature on epistles and documents.[41] One of the churches which splintered from the ROCOR(V) is the Russian True Orthodox Church which was formed in 2002.
Reconciliation talks
In 2003 President Vladimir Putin of Russia met with Metropolitan Laurus in New York.[citation needed] In May 2004, Metropolitan Laurus, the Primate of the ROCOR, visited Russia participating in several joint services.[citation needed] In June 2004, a contingent of ROCOR clergy met with Patriarch Alexey II.[citation needed]
After a series of six reconciliation meetings,[42] the ROCOR and the Patriarchate of Moscow, on June 21, 2005, simultaneously announced that rapprochement talks were leading toward the resumption of full relations between the ROCOR and the Patriarchate of Moscow. They said that the ROCOR would be given autonomous status.[43][44]
While Patriarchate Alexy said that the ROCOR would keep its property and fiscal independence, and that its autonomy would not change "in the foreseeable future", he added that "Maybe this will change in decades and there will be some new wishes. But today we have enough concerns and will not make guesses.”[45]
On May 12, 2006, the general congress of the ROCOR confirmed its willingness to reunite with the Russian Orthodox Church. The latter hailed this resolution as:
"an important step toward restoring full unity between the Moscow Patriarchate and the part of the Russian emigration that was isolated from it as a result of the revolution, the civil war in Russia, and the ensuing impious persecution against the Orthodox Church."[46]
In September 2006, the ROCOR Synod of Bishops approved the text of the document worked out by the commissions, an Act of Canonical Communion. In October 2006, the commissions met again to propose procedures and a time for signing the document.[47] The Act of Canonical Communion went into effect upon its confirmation by the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church; the Act is based on a previous resolution of the Holy Council of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church, On the Relationship with the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia, held in Moscow on 3–8 October 2004, as well on the Synod of Bishops of the ROCOR's resolution Regarding the Act on Canonical Communion take at the Council of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia held in San Francisco on 15–19 May 2006.[48]
Signing of the Act of Canonical Communion
On December 28, 2006, the leaders officially announced that the Act of Canonical Communion would be signed. The signing took place on May 17, 2007, followed immediately by a full restoration of
On 17 May 2007, at 9:15 a.m.,
Present at all of this was Russian President Vladimir Putin, who was thanked by Patriarch Alexey for helping to facilitate the reconciliation. Putin addressed the audience of Orthodox Christians, visitors, clergy, and press, saying,
"The split in the church was caused by an extremely deep political split within Russian society itself. We have realized that national revival and development in Russia are impossible without reliance on the historical and spiritual experience of our people. We understand well, and value, the power of pastoral words which unite the people of Russia. That is why restoring the unity of the church serves our common goals."[4]
The Hierarchs of the Russian Church Abroad served again with the Patriarch on 19 May, in the consecration of the Church of the New Martyrs in Butovo firing range. They had laid the cornerstone of the church in 2004 during their initial visit.[49][50]
President Vladimir Putin gave a reception at the Kremlin to celebrate the reunification. In attendance were Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Russia and members of the Holy Synod for the Russian Orthodox Church; Metropolitan Laurus for the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia; presidential chief of staff
ROCA-PSCA
After the signature of the Act in 2007, there was a minor schism in the ROCOR. Critics of the reunification continue to argue that "the hierarchy in Moscow still has not properly addressed the issue of KGB infiltration of the church hierarchy during the Soviet period."[4][52] Bishop Agathangel (Pashkovsky) of Odessa and Tauria, and with him some of ROCOR's parishes in Ukraine, refused to enter the jurisdiction of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate).[citation needed] Agathangel was suspended for disobedience by an extraordinary session of the ROCOR synod in June 2007.[53]
Despite censure, Agathangel persisted with the support of some ROCOR parishes inside and outside Ukraine which had also refused to submit to the Act of Canonical Communion. Agafangel then finalized the schism from the ROCOR by ordaining two bishops on 7 December 2007, Andronik (Kotrliaroff) as Bishop of Richmond Hill and New York, and Sophronius (Musienko) as Bishop of Saint Petersburg and Northern Russia. The church headed by Agathangel is known as "Russian Orthodox Church Abroad - Provisional Supreme Church Authority" (ROCA-PSCA), or in common parlance ROCOR-Agathangel or ROCOR(A).
Structure
The ROCOR is headed by the First-Hierarch of the ROCOR (Protohierarch), primate of the whole ROCOR, head of the ROCOR Holy Synod, and bishop of the Russian Orthodox Eparchy of Eastern America and New York. The Holy Synod also has a vice-president. The "supreme authority of the ecclesiastical legislative, administrative, judicial and executive organ" of the ROCOR is the Council of Bishops of the ROCOR which is convened about every two years.[54]
The ROCOR is divided into dioceses, themselves in some cases subdivided into smaller dioceses.
The division into dioceses is as follows:
- United States:
- Russian Orthodox Eparchy of Eastern America and New York
- Diocese of San Francisco and Western America
- Diocese of Chicago and Middle America
- Diocese of Montreal and Canada:
- Diocese of Caracas and South America
- Russian Orthodox Diocese of Great Britain and Western Europe
- Diocese of Berlin and Germany
- Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sydney, Australia and New Zealand
ROCOR oversees and owns properties of the
Finance
The main source of income for the ROCOR central authority is lease of a part of the building that houses the headquarters of the ROCOR's
Western Rite in the ROCOR
There is a long history of the
In 2011, the ROCOR declared all of its Western Rite parishes to be a "
On 10 July 2013, an extraordinary session of the Synod of Bishops of ROCOR removed
Notable churches
- St. Elizabeth's Church, Wiesbaden
- Russian church, Baden-Baden
- Church of Saint Alexandra, Bad Ems
- Church of Saint Sergius of Radonezh, Bad Kissingen
- Russian Chapel, Bad Homburg
- Russian church, Stuttgart
- Church of Saint Procopius of Ustyug, Hamburg
- Cathedral of the Nativity of the Most Holy Mother of God and the Holy Royal Martyrs, Chiswick
- Alexander Nevsky Church, Copenhagen
- Russian Church, Geneva
- Russian Orthodox Church, Vevey
- Russian Orthodox Church of Saint Job, Brussels
- St. Peter and Paul Church, Luxembourg
- Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Howell, New Jersey
- Cathedral of St. John the Baptist (Washington, D.C.)
- St Nicholas Russian Orthodox Cathedral, Brisbane
See also
- List of bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
- Eastern Orthodox Church
- White émigré
- Theodore Jurewicz
- Ivan Ilyin
- Orthodox Church in America
- Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America
- Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Canada
- Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Latin America
References
- ^ a b Krindatch, A. (2011). Atlas of American Orthodox Christian Churches. (p. 80). Brookline, MA: Holy Cross Orthodox Press
- ^ "His Grace Bishop Nicholas is elected First Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia".
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- ^ a b c d David Holley (May 17, 2007). "Russian Orthodox Church ends 80-year split". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 2007-05-20.
- ^ "Parishes". Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America. Retrieved 2021-10-23.
- ^ Положение о Русской Православной Церкви Заграницей: ″Пр. 1. Русская Православная Церковь заграницей есть неразрывная часть поместной Российской Православной Церкви, временно самоуправляющаяся на соборных началах до упразднения в России безбожной власти, в соответствии с Постановлением Св. Патриарха, Св. Синода и Высшего Церковного Совета Российской Церкви от 7/20 ноября 1920 г. за № 362. [...] Пр. 4. Русская Православная Церковь заграницей в своей внутренней жизни и управлении руководствуется: Священным Писанием и Священным Преданием, священными канонами и церковными законами, правилами и благочестивыми обычаями Поместной Российской Православной Церкви и, в частности, — Постановлением Святейшего Патриарха, Свящ. Синода и Высшего Церковного Совета Православной Российской Церкви от 7/20 ноября 1920 года № 362, [...]″
- ^ a b ″Загранична црква у Сремским Карловцима: Из тајних архива УДБЕ: РУСКА ЕМИГРАЦИЈА У ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ 1918–1941.″ // Politika, 23 December 2017, p. 22.
- ^ ″Прихваћен позив патријарха Димитрија: Из тајних архива УДБЕ: РУСКА ЕМИГРАЦИЈА У ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ 1918–1941.″ // Politika, 21 December 2017, p. 25.
- ISBN 978-5-49807-400-9, pp. 31–32).
- ISBN 978-5-49807-400-9, p. 35.
- ^ ″У вртлогу политичке борбе: Из тајних архива УДБЕ: РУСКА ЕМИГРАЦИЈА У ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ 1918–1941.″ // Politika, 15 January 2018, p. 22.
- ISBN 978-5-49807-400-9, p. 38.
- ^ Митрополит Антоний (Храповицкий). Избранные труды. Письма. Материалы. Moscow: ПСТГУ, 2007, р. 786: ″«Заграничная часть Всероссийской Церкви должна прекратить сношения с Московской церковной властью ввиду невозможности нормальных сношений с нею и ввиду порабощения её безбожной советской властью, лишающей её свободы в своих волеизъявлениях и каноническом управлении Церковью»″.
- ^ РПЦЗ: КРАТКАЯ ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ СПРАВКА: «Заграничная часть Русской Церкви почитает себя неразрывною, духовно-единою ветвью великой Русской Церкви. Она не отделяет себя от своей Матери-Церкви и не считает себя автокефальною».
- ^ Karen Dawisha (1994). Russia and the New States of Eurasia: The Politics of Upheaval. New York, NY: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge.
- ^ Постановления Заместителя Патриаршего Местоблюстителя и при нем Патриаршего Священного Синода: О Карловацкой группе (от 22 июня 1934 года, № 50) (ЖМП, 1934 г.)
- ^ ″Домети мисије патријарха Варнаве: Из тајних архива УДБЕ: РУСКА ЕМИГРАЦИЈА У ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ 1918–1941.″ // Politika, 4 January 2018, p. 25.
- ^ ″Нови покушај патријарха Варнаве: Из тајних архива УДБЕ: РУСКА ЕМИГРАЦИЈА У ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ 1918–1941.″ // Politika, 5 January 2018, p. 18.
- ^ ″Нема Русије без православне монархије: Из тајних архива УДБЕ: РУСКА ЕМИГРАЦИЈА У ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ 1918–1941.″ // Politika, 6 January 2018, p. 30.
- ^ II Всезарубежный Собор (1938)
- ^ И. М. Андреев. Второй Всезарубежный Собор Русской православной церкви заграницей
- ^ Деяния Второго Всезарубежного Собора Русской Православной Церкви заграницей. Белград, 1939, pp. 18-19.
- ^ прот. Владислав Цыпин. ГЛАВА XI. Церковная диаспора // История Русской Церкви (1917–1997), 1997. Издательство. Издательство Спасо-Преображенского Валаамского монастыря.
- ^ Dimitry Pospielovsky, The Russian Church Under the Soviet Regime 1917–1982, Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir Seminary Press, 1984, p.223
- ^ Archbishop Chrysostomos. "Book Review: The Price of Prophecy". Retrieved 2009-08-06.
- ^ "The Second Ecclesio-Historical Conference "The History of the Russian Orthodox Church of the 20th c. (1930-1948)"". Archived from the original on 2007-06-25.
- ^ Pospielovsky, Dimitry (1998). The Orthodox Church in the History of Russia. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press.
- ^ Михаил Шкаровский. Политика Третьего рейха по отношению к Русской Православной Церкви в свете архивных материалов 1935—1945 годов / Сборник документов. 2003, стр. 172
- ^ Prof Mikhail Skarovsky. РУССКАЯ ЦЕРКОВНАЯ ЭМИГРАЦИЯ В ЮГОСЛАВИИ В ГОДЫ ВТОРОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ
- ^ a b Михаил Шкаровский. Сталинская религиозная политика и Русская Православная Церковь в 1943–1953 годах
- ^ "Plot in Progress". Time Magazine. September 15, 1952. Archived from the original on January 12, 2008. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
- ^ See, for example, Resolution of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia Concerning the Election of Pimen (Isvekov) as Patriarch of Moscow, September 1/14) 1971 Archived 2009-03-29 at the Wayback Machine, December 27th, 2007
- ^ Regulations Of The Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia, Confirmed by the Council of Bishops in 1956 and by a decision of the Council dated 5/18 June, 1964 Archived 2009-03-30 at the Wayback Machine, first paragraph, December 28, 2007
- ^ The last will and testament of Metropolitan Anastassy, 1957, December 28, 2007
- ^ The Catacomb Tikhonite Church 1974, The Orthodox Word, Nov.-Dec., 1974 (59), 235-246, December 28, 2007.
- ^ Abigail Beshkin; Rob Mank (March 24, 2000). "Hunger strike in Jericho". Salon. Archived from the original on February 18, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
- ^ a b Jerrold Kessel (July 9, 1997). "Russian Orthodox strife brings change in Hebron". CNN.
- ^ "Palestinians Take Sides In Russian Orthodox Dispute". Catholic World News. July 9, 1997. Retrieved 2009-08-14.
- ^ "Epistle of First-Hierarch, Metropolitan Vitaly, Of ROCOR to All The Faithful Clergy And Flock Of The Church Abroad". Archived from the original on 2008-04-01.
- ^ [1] Archived February 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The Independent, Obituary: Metropolitan Vitaly Ustinov, 28 September 2006
- ^ "The Sixth Meeting of the Commissions of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia and the Moscow Patriarchate is Held" Archived 2006-09-08 at the Wayback Machine: ROCOR website, downloaded August 25, 2006
- ^ http://www.mospat.ru/text/e_news/id/9553.html. Retrieved July 29, 2005.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help)[dead link] - ^ "ROCOR website: Joint declarations, April-May 2005". Russianorthodoxchurch.ws. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
- ^ "Russian Church To End Schism". Associated Press. May 16, 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-10-30. "Russian Orthodox Church to keep ROCOR traditions – Alexy II". ITAR-TASS. May 14, 2007. Retrieved 2009-08-14.[dead link]
- ^ "Russian Church abroad to unite with Moscow". Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. RFE/RL website, May 12, 2006
- ^ "The Eighth Meeting of the Church Commissions Concludes": ROCOR website, downloaded November 3, 2006
- ^ "Act of Canonical Communion". Synod.com. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
- ^ "Union of Moscow Patriarchate and Russian Church Abroad 17 May 2007":Interfax website, downloaded December 28, 2006
- ^ http://www.orthodoxnews.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=WorldNews.one&content_id=16097&CFID=31445921&CFTOKEN=42692498. Retrieved May 18, 2007.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help)[dead link] - ^ "Putin gives reception for Russian Orthodox Church reunification". 2007-05-19. Archived from the original on 2009-02-14. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
- ^ Santana, Rebecca (September 11, 2007). "U.S. Worshipers Refuse to Join Moscow Church". The Associated Press. Associated Press. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
- ^ "The Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia - Official Website". Russianorthodoxchurch.ws. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
- ^ "BISHOPS". The Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia - Official Website. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
- ^ Расследование РБК: на что живет церковь RBK, 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Saint Petroc Monastery". Orthodoxwesternrite.wordpress.com. 27 January 2011. Retrieved 2013-09-19.
- ^ "ROCOR Western-Rite - Home". Rwrv-wr.org. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
- ^ "The Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia - Official Website". www.russianorthodoxchurch.ws. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
External links
- synod.com Official website of the Synod of bishops of the ROCOR
- fundforassistance.org Official website of the Fund of assistance of the ROCOR
- Synodal Secretariat for Inter-Orthodox Relations, of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
- ROCOR Studies Website dedicated to the history of the ROCOR
- eadiocese.org Official website of the Eastern American diocese
- mcdiocese.com Official website of the diocese of Montreal and Canada
- rocor.org.au Official website of the diocese of Australia and new Zealand
- orthodox-europe.org Official website of Diocese of Great Britain and Western Europe
- chicagodiocese.org Official site of Chicago and Mid-American eprahim
- wadiocese.org Official website of the Western American diocese
- rocor.de Official website of The German diocese
- hts.edu Official website of Holy Trinity Seminary in Jordanville
- rocor-wr.org Western Rite of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia official page
- iglesiarusa.info Official website of The South American diocese