San Cristóbal de La Laguna
San Cristóbal de La Laguna | ||
---|---|---|
Cathedral of La Laguna, Panoramic city, Iglesia de la Concepción , Consejo Consultivo de Canarias, Plaza del Adelantado and city council. | ||
Postal code 38200 | ||
Official language(s) | Spanish | |
Website | Official website | |
Criteria | Cultural: (ii), (iv) | |
Reference | 929 | |
Inscription | 1999 (23rd Session) | |
Area | 60.38 ha (149.2 acres) | |
Buffer zone | 23.71 ha (58.6 acres) |
San Cristóbal de La Laguna (commonly known as La Laguna, Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ kɾisˈtoβal de la laˈɣuna]) is a city and municipality in the northern part of the island of Tenerife in the Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, on the Canary Islands, Spain. The former capital of the Canary Islands, the city is the third-most populous city of the archipelago and the second-most populous city of the island.
In 1999 the historical center of La Laguna was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, after being nominated by Spain. La Laguna is situated alongside the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife; thus, the two cities and municipalities form a single large urban center. Its economy is business-oriented while agriculture dominates the northeastern portion of the city. The urban area dominates the central and the southern parts.
La Laguna is considered to be the cultural capital of the Canary Islands. It holds the incorrupt body of Sor María de Jesús, and the Christ of La Laguna (Cristo de La Laguna).
A landmark of the city is the
Etymology
Alonso Fernández de Lugo named the city as "Villa de San Cristóbal de La Gran Laguna" upon its founding, believed to be related to a nearby pond or lake (laguna). The name was later shortened to "San Cristóbal de La Laguna".
Coat of arms
Queen Joanna of Castile granted the coat of arms on 23 March 1510, designated for the island of Tenerife. Officials of the town of La Laguna, designated as the capital after the conquest, adopted this emblem as their own.
It features an island with a volcano spitting fire, on waves, between a castle and a lion. Above is the archangel
Subdivisions
- La Verdellada
- Viña Nava
- El Coromoto
- San Benito
- El Bronco
- La Cuesta
- Taco
- Tejina
- Valleguerra
- Bajamar
- Punta del Hidalgo
- Geneto
- Los Baldios
- Guamasa
- El Ortigal
- Las Mercedes
- El Batan
- Las Carboneras
- San Diego
- Las Gavias
Climate
Because it captures moisture from the prevailing northeasterly winds, San Cristóbal de La Laguna has a
Climate data for La Laguna (1991–2020) – Tenerife North Airport (altitude: 632 metres or 2,073 feet), extremes since 1944
| |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 25.9 (78.6) |
26.9 (80.4) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.0 (91.4) |
37.6 (99.7) |
37.9 (100.2) |
41.4 (106.5) |
41.2 (106.2) |
38.0 (100.4) |
35.0 (95.0) |
31.0 (87.8) |
25.2 (77.4) |
41.4 (106.5) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 21.1 (70.0) |
21.2 (70.2) |
24.7 (76.5) |
25.0 (77.0) |
27.9 (82.2) |
30.2 (86.4) |
33.8 (92.8) |
33.8 (92.8) |
30.5 (86.9) |
28.9 (84.0) |
25.5 (77.9) |
21.5 (70.7) |
36.4 (97.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.3 (61.3) |
16.8 (62.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
18.7 (65.7) |
20.5 (68.9) |
22.3 (72.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
25.9 (78.6) |
24.7 (76.5) |
22.8 (73.0) |
19.6 (67.3) |
17.4 (63.3) |
20.6 (69.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.3 (55.9) |
13.5 (56.3) |
14.3 (57.7) |
14.9 (58.8) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.3 (64.9) |
20.2 (68.4) |
21.5 (70.7) |
20.6 (69.1) |
19.2 (66.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
14.5 (58.1) |
17.0 (62.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
10.1 (50.2) |
10.6 (51.1) |
11.2 (52.2) |
12.4 (54.3) |
14.2 (57.6) |
16.0 (60.8) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.6 (61.9) |
15.5 (59.9) |
13.5 (56.3) |
11.6 (52.9) |
13.3 (55.9) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | 7.5 (45.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
7.8 (46.0) |
8.9 (48.0) |
9.8 (49.6) |
11.9 (53.4) |
13.7 (56.7) |
14.9 (58.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
12.3 (54.1) |
9.9 (49.8) |
9.1 (48.4) |
6.7 (44.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) |
3.4 (38.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
5.2 (41.4) |
6.6 (43.9) |
8.8 (47.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
7.0 (44.6) |
10.0 (50.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
7.8 (46.0) |
5.7 (42.3) |
2.0 (35.6) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 72.2 (2.84) |
65.5 (2.58) |
67.9 (2.67) |
37.5 (1.48) |
17.5 (0.69) |
9.9 (0.39) |
7.3 (0.29) |
6.5 (0.26) |
12.7 (0.50) |
55.8 (2.20) |
90.3 (3.56) |
76.9 (3.03) |
520 (20.49) |
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7.7 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 6.2 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 2.5 | 7.3 | 8.9 | 8.3 | 65 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 145 | 159 | 188 | 197 | 222 | 215 | 257 | 272 | 223 | 190 | 140 | 125 | 2,333 |
Source 1: Météo Climat[2] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Infoclimat[3] |
Climate data for La Laguna (1981–2010) – Tenerife North Airport (altitude: 632 metres or 2,073 feet)
| |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 25.8 (78.4) |
26.9 (80.4) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.0 (91.4) |
37.6 (99.7) |
37.9 (100.2) |
41.4 (106.5) |
41.2 (106.2) |
38.0 (100.4) |
33.2 (91.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
25.2 (77.4) |
41.4 (106.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) |
16.7 (62.1) |
18.2 (64.8) |
18.5 (65.3) |
20.1 (68.2) |
22.2 (72.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
25.7 (78.3) |
24.9 (76.8) |
22.5 (72.5) |
19.7 (67.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
20.5 (68.9) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.1 (55.6) |
13.4 (56.1) |
14.5 (58.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
16.1 (61.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
20.2 (68.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.7 (69.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
16.5 (61.7) |
14.3 (57.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.2 (50.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
10.7 (51.3) |
10.9 (51.6) |
12.0 (53.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
15.7 (60.3) |
16.6 (61.9) |
16.5 (61.7) |
15.2 (59.4) |
13.3 (55.9) |
11.5 (52.7) |
13.0 (55.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) |
3.4 (38.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
5.2 (41.4) |
6.6 (43.9) |
8.8 (47.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
7.0 (44.6) |
10.0 (50.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
7.8 (46.0) |
5.7 (42.3) |
2.0 (35.6) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 80 (3.1) |
70 (2.8) |
61 (2.4) |
39 (1.5) |
19 (0.7) |
11 (0.4) |
6 (0.2) |
5 (0.2) |
16 (0.6) |
47 (1.9) |
81 (3.2) |
82 (3.2) |
517 (20.2) |
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 95 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
76 | 75 | 71 | 74 | 72 | 73 | 69 | 69 | 71 | 74 | 75 | 79 | 73 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 150 | 168 | 188 | 203 | 234 | 237 | 262 | 269 | 213 | 194 | 155 | 137 | 2,410 |
Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorología[4]
|
History
The land upon which the city now stands belonged to the
The Battle of Aguere was fought in the city in 1494. The city was founded between 1496 and 1497 by Alonso Fernández de Lugo and became the capital of the island of Tenerife after the conclusion of the conquest of the islands. Later the city became the capital of all of the Canary Islands. In 1582, the city suffered an epidemic of plague that resulted in between 5,000 and 9,000 deaths.[6]
The layout of the city resembles that of many Spanish colonial cities in the Americas. Since the urban plan of the city of La Laguna was the model for these
A declining population and economy in the 18th century resulted in the transfer of the capital to
The
The historic center of the city was declared a
Several tunnels, passages and underground vaults dating from the immediate aftermath of the founding of the city have recently been found. These tunnels are located beneath some iconic buildings such as the
Main sights
- Cathedral of La Laguna: with a neoclassical façade (1819).
- Iglesia de la Concepción: It was the first parish to be built on the island of Tenerife.
- Old City: It is listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, because the layout of its streets has served as a model for the construction of some of the main Latin American capitals. There are many colonial-style buildings there, with their wooden balconies and magnificent tree-lined courtyards that occupy the center of the building. We can also visit several, richly planted with trees and flowers.
- Real Santuario del Santísimo Cristo de La Laguna: It is one of the most important temples in the city and on the island, as inside is the venerated image of Christ, very popular in the archipelago.
- University of La Laguna: The first university founded in the Canary Islands.
- Saint José de Anchieta, considered by the Catholic Church as the Apostle of Brazil.
- Salazar Palace: It is the palace of the Salazar de Frías Family, currently it works as the bishop's palace of the Marko Ivan Rupnik with a neo-Byzantine mosaic that represents the mystery of Pentecost.
- Nava Palace: It is an example of Canarian architecture that combines Baroque, Neoclassical and Mannerist elements.
- Church of Santo Domingo de Guzmán: It is one of the oldest churches in the city, in it is the tomb of the famous corsair Amaro Pargo.
- Instituto Canarias Cabrera Pinto: The oldest secondary school in the archipelago still in use.
- Teatro Leal: Built in 1915.
- Plaza del Adelantado: The city's main square surrounded by many interesting buildings: the town hall (Casa del Corregidor), the Nava Palace, the Santa Catalina de Siena convent, the San Miguel Arcángel hermitage.
- Museum of the History of Tenerife: (Palacio Lercaro) Museum that presents the history of the island from the 15th century to the present day. The museum is also known for the alleged appearances of the ghost of Catalina Lercaro, a young woman from the 16th century who committed suicide.
Festivals and holidays
The
Holiday of the Cristo de La Laguna is celebrated every 14 September in honor of a much venerated image of Christ in the Canary Islands,[13] the Cristo de La Laguna. For this event come people from all over the archipelago. It is the leading holidays in town.
Holy Week in the city of San Cristóbal de La Laguna is the largest of the Canary Islands.[14] Holy Week has steps of great historical and artistic value, such as the aforementioned Cristo de La Laguna, accompanied by their guilds, some of them centuries old and which adopted the use of the hood in the nineteenth century, ride on the wheeled carts streets of the city.
Sister cities
- Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
- São Paulo, Brazil
- Telde, Spain
- Colima, Mexico[15]
People
- José de Anchieta (19 March 1534 – 9 June 1597), saint and important in the early colonial history of Brazil
- Spanish historian
- Spanish corsair
- José Rodríguez de la Oliva (1695–1777): sculptor and painter of Baroque
- Titular Archbishop of Heraclea
- Juan Domingo de Monteverde (1773–1832), military man
- surrealist
- Antonio Cubillo (3 June 1930 – 10 December 2012), revolutionary and politician
- Suso Santana(born 2 March 1985), footballer
- Sergio Rodriguez(born 12 June 1986), basketball player
- Cristo Reyes (born 30 July 1987), darts player
- Operación Triunfo2017
See also
References
- ^ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
- ^ "Météo climat stats Moyennes 1991/2020 Espagne - Îles Canaries (page 1)" (in French). Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ "Climatologie de l'année à Tenerife/Los Rodeos" (in French). Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
- AEMET (in Spanish). 2010. Archived from the originalon 18 November 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ^ Martín, Sabas (22 January 2000). "La Laguna. La ciudad de los sentidos". El Mundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ^ "La Peste. El cuarto jinete" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
- ^ Rupérez, Beatriz. "La Laguna: ciudad colonial en Tenerife". El Nuevo Herald (in Spanish). pp. 1–2. Archived from the original on 9 April 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ISBN 978-84-7947-469-0. Archived(PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
- ^ "Programa de la Semana Santa de La Laguna 2014" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
- ABC (in Spanish). Archivedfrom the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ^ "Romería de San Benito Abad". Spain.info (in Spanish). Turespaña. Archived from the original on 5 June 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ABC (in Spanish). Archivedfrom the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ^ "El Cristo". Cristo de La Laguna. Archived from the original on 23 August 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ^ Fernández, Yolanda (2010). "Semana Santa en La Laguna 2010". Sobre Canarias (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 26 March 2014. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ^ "El acto de hermanamiento de la ciudad de Colima con San Cristóbal de La Laguna se celebra el próximo 2 de mayo". Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
External links
- http://www.aytolalaguna.com
- Organismo Autónomo de Deportes de La Laguna, featuring information about activities, installations, news, etc. (in Spanish)
- https://www.facebook.com/ParaMiLaLagunaEs/