Timeline of Exeter

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Exeter, Devon, England.

Prior to 16th century

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• 250 BC – Goods traded with Roman coins
• 45 CE – Romans in power (approximate date).^[1]
• 55 – Roman fort established in Isca Dumnoniorum (approximate date).
• 380 – Roman occupation ends (approximate date).^[2]
• 600 – Saxons arrive (approximate date).^[2]
• 868 – Monastery founded by Ethelred.^[3]
• 876 –
  Danes occupy town.^[4]
• 893 – Town besieged by
  Danes
  again.
• 900 – Market active.[5]
• 927 –
  Athelstan evicts the Cornish from Exeter (and perhaps the rest of Devon), according to William of Malmesbury, writing around 1120.^[6]
• 932 – Monastery founded by
  Athelstan.^[3]
• 1003 – Exeter sacked by forces of Sweyn of Denmark.^[3]
• 1048 –
  Exeter from Crediton.^[4]
• 1050 – Leofric becomes bishop of Exeter.^[7][8]
• 1067 – Exeter besieged by forces of William the Conqueror.^[7]
• 1068 – Rougemont Castle built (approximate date).
• 1087 –
  Benedictine Priory of St Nicholas
  founded.
• 1130 – Exeter fair active.^[5]
• 1136 – Exeter besieged by forces of Stephen, King of England.^[1]
• 1190 - Old Exe Bridge construction began.
• 1207 – Mayor in office.
• 1214 - Old Exe Bridge construction finished (approximate).
• 1236 – Nunnery founded.^[7]
• 1348 – Order of Brothelyngham, an anti-religious group, active in the city.
• 1400 – Exeter Cathedral built (approximate date).
• 1466 - Tailors' trade gild incorporated.^[9]
• 1468/70 - Exeter Guildhall current building constructed.^[9]
• 1482 - Tailors' trade gild dissolved on the petition of the burgesses.^[9]
• 1490 – Company of Weavers and Fullers incorporated.^[10]
• 1497 – City besieged by forces of Perkin Warbeck.^[4]

16th–18th centuries

• 1536
  • City becomes a county corporate.^[7]
  • Monastery
    disbanded.^[1]
• 1556 – Society of Merchant Adventurers incorporated.[11]
• 1564 – Exeter Ship Canal construction begins.^[1]
• 1593 – Guildhall rebuilt.^[7]
• 1595 – Michael Harte bookseller in business.^[12]
• 1612 – Northernhay Gardens laid out.
• 1633 – Exeter Free Grammar School opens.
• 1643 – September: City taken by forces of Charles I of England.^[7]
• 1646 – April: Parliamentarians in power.^[7]
• 1664 – St Stephen's Church built.
• 1681 – Custom House built on the Quay.
• 1688 – November: William III of England visits city.^[3]
• 1696 – Mint established.^[3]
• 1714 – Exeter Mercury newspaper begins publication.^[13]
• 1743 – Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital opened.^[9]
• 1760 – George's Meeting (Unitarian) built.
• 1763 – Trewman's Exeter Flying Post newspaper in publication.
• 1764 – Exeter Synagogue consecrated.
• 1778 – Bridge rebuilt.
• 1783 – Gilbert Dyer's circulating library in business.^[12][14]
• 1792 – Exeter Gazette newspaper begins publication.^[13]

19th century

• 1813
  • Devon and Exeter Institution founded.^[3]
  • Exeter Western Luminary begins publication.^[15]
• 1814
  • Iron Footbridge built.
  • Exeter Medical Library founded.
• 1821 – Besley's Exeter News begins publication.^[13]
• 1823 – Cholera epidemic.^[1]
• 1825
  • Mechanics' Institution opens.^[7]
  • Chichester Place laid out.
• 1832 – Veitch plant nursery in business.^[16]
• 1835 – Athenaeum instituted.^[3]
• 1837 – Catacombs built.
• 1840 – Exeter Diocesan Training College opens.
• 1842 – Church of St Andrew built.
• 1844 – Bristol and Exeter Railway begins operating to Exeter St Davids railway station.^[7]
• 1847 – Polytechnic Institution founded.^[3]
• 1848 – South Devon Railway begins operating from Exeter St Davids station.^[3]
• 1852 - Exeter and South Devon Volunteers formed.
• 1853 – Prison built.
• 1854 – School of Art founded.
• 1860 – London and South Western Railway begins operating to Exeter Queen Street station.
• 1862 – Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature, and Art established.^[17]
• 1867 – November: Economic unrest.^[7]
• 1870 – Royal Albert Memorial Museum established.
• 1882 – Horse-drawn tram begins operating.
• 1884 – 18 November: Sacred Heart Church opened.
• 1887 – 5 September: Theatre Royal burns down with 186 fatalities.^[7]
• 1889
  • Theatre Royal rebuilt.
  • Devon and Exeter Medico-Chirurgical Society founded.^[18]
• 1896 – City of Exeter Electricity Company formed.

20th century

• 1901 – Population: 47,185.^[9]
• 1904 – Express & Echo newspaper begins publication.^[19]
• 1905
  • 29 March: Rebuilt Exe Bridge opened.
  • 4 April:
    Exeter Corporation Tramways
    begins operating its electric system.
  • Approximate date: Devon and Cornwall Record Society established.^[20]
• 1907 – Sidwell Street Methodist Church completed, a pioneering example of reinforced concrete construction by French engineer Paul Cottancin.
• 1910 – Empire Electric Palace opens.^[21]
• 1911 – Exeter Pictorial Record Society active.^[22]
• 1914 – 7 October: First of five war emergency hospitals in requisitioned buildings in the city opens to casualties, staffed by Voluntary Aid Detachment nurses.^[23]
• 1916 – December: Deller's Café opens in Bedford Street.^[23]
• 1937
  • Odeon Exeter cinema opens.^[21]
  • Exeter Airport
    opens.
• 1942 – May: "Baedeker Blitz": Aerial bombing by the German Luftwaffe devastates the city centre.^[1]
• 1949 – 21 October: Official inauguration of construction of Princesshay, Britain's first pedestrianised shopping precinct, as part of the postwar city centre reconstruction.^[24]
• 1955 – University of Exeter chartered.
• 1960 – October: Flood.
• 1963 – November: Exeter & Devon Crematorium opened.
• 1964 – Devon County Hall built.
• 1966 – 1 April: City boundaries extended to include Alphington, Pinhoe and Topsham.
• 1967 – Northcott Theatre opens.
• 1970 –
  Exeter College
  established.
• 1972 – Barnfield Theatre established.
• 1974 – Spacex (art gallery) established.
• 1977 – M5 motorway opens.^[1]
• 1997 –
  Douglas Centre for the History of Cinema and Popular Culture
  opens at University of Exeter.

21st century

• 2007 – Princesshay rebuilt.
• 2008 – 22 May: Attempted bombing in Princesshay.
• 2011 – Population: 117,773.
• 2017 –
  Aviva Premiership
  .
• 2021 - World War II bomb detonation.

See also

• Exeter history
• Timelines of other cities in South West England: Bath, Bristol, Plymouth

References

Bibliography

Published in 17th–18th centuries

• John Ogilby (1699), "(Exeter)", Traveller's Guide, or, A Most Exact Description of the Roads of England, London: Abel Swall
• Richard Izacke; Samuel Izacke (1724) [1677], Remarkable Antiquities of the City of Exeter, London: Printed for Edw. Score
• Antient History and Description of the City of Exeter. Exeter: Andrews and Trewman. 1765. Compiled and digested from the works of Hooker, Izacke, and Others
• Daniel Defoe; Samuel Richardson (1778), "Devonshire: (Exeter)", A Tour Through the Island of Great Britain (8th ed.), London: J.F. and C. Rivingdon

Published in 19th century

1800s–1840s

• Beauties of England and Wales
  , vol. 4, London: Vernor & Hood
• Alexander Jenkins (1806), The history and description of the city of Exeter, Exeter: P. Hedgeland,
  OL 6929249M
• S. Woolmer (1811), A Concise Account of the City of Exeter (2nd ed.), Exeter
• George Alexander Cooke (c. 1822). "Exeter". Topographical and Statistical Description of the County of Devon (3rd ed.). London: Sherwood, Neeley and Jones.[2]
• James Dugdale (1819), "Devonshire: Exeter", New British Traveller, vol. 2, London: J. Robins and Co.
• "Exeter". Rees's Cyclopædia. 1819.
• New Guide to the City of Exeter. Exeter: W. Spreat. 1824.
• OCLC 961753
  .
• Exeter itinerary and general directory, Exeter: T. and H. Besley, 1828
• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Exeter". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
• "Exeter", Great Western, Cheltenham and Great Western, and Bristol and Exeter Railway Guides, London: James Wyld, 1839,
  OCLC 12922212
• Samuel Lewis (1848), "Exeter", Topographical Dictionary of England (7th ed.), London: S. Lewis and Co.

1850s–1890s

• "Hand Book of Exeter", Besley's Hand Book for the Archery Meeting, and Visitor's Guide to Exeter, Exeter: Henry Besley, 1858,
  hdl:2027/njp.32101064794991
  , Grand National Archery Meeting
• hdl:2027/wu.89097040505
• George Oliver (1861), The history of the city of Exeter, Exeter: W. Roberts,
  OL 7051533M
• Charles Knight, ed. (1867). "Exeter". Geography.
  hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064794
  .
• Hand-book and directory for Exeter and its neighbourhood. Exeter: H. Mortimer. c. 1874.
• W. Cotton; Henry Woollcombe (1877), Gleanings from the Municipal and Cathedral Records Relative to the History of the City of Exeter, J. Townsend
• History, gazetteer and directory of the County of Devon including the City of Exeter (2nd ed.), Sheffield: William White, 1878,
  OL 14012345M
• Illustrated Hand Book of Exeter, Exeter: H. Besley and Son, 1880,
  OL 22883206M
• John Parker Anderson (1881), "Devonshire: Exeter", Book of British Topography: a Classified Catalogue of the Topographical Works in the Library of the British Museum Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, London: W. Satchell
• R.N. Worth (1883), "Exeter", Tourist's Guide to South Devon (3rd ed.), London: Edward Stanford
• Popular Illustrated Guide to Exeter and Its Neighbourhood. Exeter: Thomas Upward. 1887.
• Edward Augustus Freeman (1890), Exeter, Historic Towns (2nd ed.), London: Longmans, Green, and Co.,
  OL 6586115M
• Herbert Edward Reynolds (1895), A short history of the ancient diocese of Exeter, Exeter: H. Besley,
  OL 7241003M
• "Exeter", Great Britain (4th ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1897,
  OCLC 6430424
• Charles Gross (1897). "Exeter". Bibliography of British Municipal History. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co.[3]
• Charles Slegg Ward (1897), "Exeter", North Devon and North Cornwall,
  Thorough Guides
  (7th ed.), Dulau & Co.
• Guide to Exeter. London: Ward, Lock & Co. 1899.
• "Exeter", Route Book of Devon (2nd ed.), Exeter: Henry Besley, 1900
• "Central Section: Exeter". Book of Fair Devon. United Devon Association. 1900.

Published in 20th century

• A.R. Hope Moncrieff, ed. (1902), Black's Guide to Exeter and East Devon, London: A. & C. Black
• G.K. Fortescue, ed. (1902). "Exeter". Subject Index of the Modern Works Added to the Library of the British Museum in the Years 1881–1900. London: The Trustees.
  hdl:2027/uc1.b5107011
  .
• J.G. Bartholomew (1904), "Exeter", Survey Gazetteer of the British Isles, London: G. Newnes
• A.M. Shorto (1906). Story of Exeter: for use in schools. Exeter: James G. Commin.
• "Exeter". List of Works Relating to British Genealogy and Local History. New York: New York Public Library. 1910.
• "Exeter (England)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 65–66.
• Report on the records of the City of Exeter, London: HM Stationery Office, 1916,
  OL 7065949M
• "Exeter". England. Blue Guides. London: Macmillan. 1920.
• W. G. Hoskins. Industry, Trade and People in Exeter, 1688–1800 (1935)
• W. Stanley Lewis and A. H. Shorter (1939). "The Evolution of Exeter". Geography. 24 (3): 149–161.
  JSTOR 40561002
  .
• W. G. Hoskins. Exeter" History Today (May 1951), Vol. 1 Issue 5, p28-37 online.
• Aileen Fox. Roman Exeter (1952)
• Connie S. Evans (2000). "'An Echo of the Multitude': The Intersection of Governmental and Private Poverty Initiatives in Early Modern Exeter". Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies. 32 (3): 408–428.
  JSTOR 4053912
  .

Published in 21st century

• "Exeter".
  ISBN 1-84972-185-8
  – via Credo Reference.(subscription required)
• Tim Isaac and Chris Hallam Secret Exeter (2018)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Exeter.

• Royal Albert Memorial Museum. "Exeter Time Trail". Exeter City Council.
• "Devon", Historical Directories, UK: University of Leicester. Includes digitised directories of Exeter, various dates
• "Timeline". Exeter Memories. David Cornforth.
• Digital Public Library of America. Works related to Exeter, various dates

50°43′00″N 3°32′00″W / 50.716667°N 3.533333°W / 50.716667; -3.533333