Berberis vulgaris
Barberry | |
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Berberis vulgaris[1] | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Ranunculales |
Family: | Berberidaceae |
Genus: | Berberis |
Species: | B. vulgaris
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Binomial name | |
Berberis vulgaris | |
Synonyms[2] | |
List
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Berberis vulgaris, also known as common barberry,[3] European barberry or simply barberry, is a shrub in the genus Berberis native to the Old World. It produces edible but sharply acidic berries, which people in many countries eat as a tart and refreshing fruit.
Description
It is a
-
Leaves
-
Flowers
-
Fruit
Subspecies
As of March 2024[update], Plants of the World Online accepted three subspecies:[4]
- Berberis vulgaris subsp. australis (Boiss.) Heywood
- Berberis vulgaris subsp. seroi O.Bolòs & Vigo
- Berberis vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Distribution and habitat
The shrub is native to central and southern
It is also cultivated in many countries.Ecology
The berries are an important food for many small birds, which disperse the seeds in their droppings.
B. vulgaris is the
Uses
The edible berries,[9] though rich in vitamin C, have a very sharp or sour flavour and are not widely consumed because the thorny shrubs make them difficult to harvest.
In Europe, the berries have been traditionally used as an ingredient in making
. Iran is the largest producer of zerešk.
The
Other uses
The plant has been widely cultivated for hedges in New Zealand.[12]
A
See also
- Berberis microphylla, calafate (a related shrub with similar berries, native in temperate South America)
References
- ^ 1885 illustration from Prof. Dr. Otto Wilhelm Thomé Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885, Gera, Germany
- ^ The Plant List
- ^ a b USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Berberis vulgaris". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
- ^ "Berberis vulgaris L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- ^ Plant Atlas 2020
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Crespino comune, Sowberry, Common Barberry, vinettier, espino cambrón, Sauerdorn, Berberis vulgaris L. includes photos, drawings, and European distribution map
- ^ Flora of North America vol 3
- ^ "D-01-04: Plant protection import and domestic movement requirements for barberry (Berberis, Mahoberberis and Mahonia spp.) under the Canadian Barberry Certification Program". 3 April 2012. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- OCLC 244766414.
- .
- ISBN 978-90-66054-00-4. Archived from the originalon 27 September 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
- ISBN 978-0-473-16285-6.[page needed]
- ^ Schauenberg, P; Paris, F (1977). Guide to Medicinal Plants. New Canaan, CT: Keats Publishing, Inc.
- ^ Duke, JA (1985). Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.
- PMID 5173435.