Angelica archangelica
Angelica archangelica | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Apiales |
Family: | Apiaceae |
Genus: | Angelica |
Species: | A. archangelica
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Binomial name | |
Angelica archangelica | |
Synonyms[2] | |
Synonyms list
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Angelica archangelica, commonly known as angelica,
Description and distribution
During its first year, it grows only leaves, but during its second year, its fluted stem can reach a height of 2.5 meters (just over 8 feet), and the root is used in flavoring preparations. Its leaves consist of numerous small leaflets divided into three principal groups, each of which is again subdivided into three lesser groups. The edges of the leaflets are finely toothed or serrated. The flowers, which blossom in July, are small and numerous, yellowish or greenish, are grouped into large, globular umbels that bear pale yellow, oblong fruits. Angelica grows only in damp soil, preferably near rivers or deposits of water.
Angelica archangelica grows wild in Russia, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and Iceland, mostly in the northern parts of the countries. It is cultivated in France, mainly in the Marais Poitevin, a marsh region close to Niort in the department Deux-Sèvres. Commercially available angelica is often sourced from Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Germany and Poland.[5]
Use and history
From the 10th century on, angelica was cultivated as a
It is used to flavor
Chemical composition
The essential oil content of angelica root varies based on the age of the roots. Generally, the roots have high levels of
Angelica seeds have a similar chemical composition to the roots, including α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, myrcene, β-phellandrene, limonene, caryophyllene, borneol, carvone and others.[11]
Both the seeds and roots contain
Etymology
Angelica is the Latin feminine name implying "angel-like" from the mid-16th century, probably named for the plant due to its scent.[16] Archangelica derives from "an angel of the highest order," an Old French term in the late (12th century), or from the Greek word "arkhangelos" ("chief angel").[16]
See also
- Heracleum persicum (golpar)
- Angelicin
References
- ^ "Angelica archangelica". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2008-03-03.
- ^ "Angelica archangelica L." Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
- ^ "Angelica archangelica". RHS. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
- ^ "Angelica archangelica L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
- ^ Chauhan, Dr Meenakshi (2019-08-06). "What are the Medicinal Properties of Wild Celery ( Angelica Archangelica)?". Planet Ayurveda. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
- ^ a b M. Grieve. "Angelica". A Modern Herbal. Botanical.com.
- PMID 21631968.
- ISBN 978-0-671-73489-3.
- ^ ISBN 9781439814918.
- ISBN 978-1-4615-7891-8.
- ^ ISBN 9781420090864.
- ISBN 9780849394140.
- .
- ^ Sun H, Jakupovic J (1986). "Further heraclenol derivatives from Angelica archangelica". Pharmazie. 41 (12): 888-889 INIST 7473899.
- ISSN 0031-9422.
- ^ a b "Archangel". Online Etymology Dictionary. 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.