Bhanja virus

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Bhanja bandavirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum:
Negarnaviricota
Class: Bunyaviricetes
Order: Hareavirales
Family: Phenuiviridae
Genus: Bandavirus
Species:
Bhanja bandavirus

The Bhanja virus is a tick-borne

Bunyavirales order.[1][3]

Transmission

The Bhanja virus is transmitted from ticks and has furthermore mainly been isolated from the ticks of the genera Dermacentor and Haemaphysalis, although it can be transmitted by any Ixodidae ticks. Bhanja virus is not known to be transmitted between humans.[1]

Hosts

The Bhanja virus has been found in

Xerus erythropus). It has been known to be pathogenic in small animals and children and can also affect adult humans.[4]

Symptoms

The Bhanja virus produces febrile illness in humans with symptoms including photophobia, vomiting, meningoencephalitis, and slight or partial paralysis.[1]

Treatment

Treatment is dependent upon the severity of the symptoms. Due to viral infections not responding to antibiotics, treatment is mainly to reduce the signs and symptoms; for which

acetaminophen is suggested.[2]

Prevention

Prevention is that of any tick bite, avoid excessive foliage and bushy areas. If you do come in contact with these areas, wear long sleeves and pants to cover as much skin as possible. Be specifically careful in areas used to graze or feed goats or sheep.[5]

Location

The Bhanja virus has been isolated in Europe, including: Italy, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania, Eastern Slovakia, in Asia, including: India, Kirghizia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Armenia and in Africa, including Senegal, Guinea, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central Africa, Kenya, Somali. There is a possibility that migratory birds play a role in spreading the virus by carrying infected ticks on them to new regions.[6]

References

  1. ^
    PMID 20182535
    .
  2. ^
    PMID 812372
    .
  3. ^ Plyusnin, A.; Beaty, B.J.; Elliott, R.M.; Goldbach, R.; Kormelink, R.; Lundkvist, Å.; Schmaljohn, C.S.; Tesh, R.B. "ICTV 9th Report (2011) Negative Sense RNA Viruses (2011) Negative Sense RNA Viruses Bunyaviridae". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 20 December 2019. List of other related viruses which may be members of the family Bunyaviridae but have not been approved as species
  4. ISBN 9783642288425
    .
  5. ^ Armed Forces Pest Control Board Washington DC; Gingrich, John B.; Harlan, Harold J.; Perkins, Peter V.; Trosper, James H. (2001). "V. Militarily Important Vector-Borne Diseases with Short Incubation Periods (<15 days) §N. Bhanja Virus". Regional Disease Vector Ecology Profile: Central Europe (PDF). Defense Pest Management Information Analysis Center, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Forest Glen Section, Walter Reed Army Medical Center. pp. 113–5. ADA514062. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 19, 2021.
  6. ^ "Bhanja Virus Infection in Hedgehogs and Bears (Viral Disease Link)". wildpro.twycrosszoo.org. Archived from the original on 2017-06-19. Retrieved 2014-07-25.
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