Canton of Jura

Coordinates: 47°22′N 7°9′E / 47.367°N 7.150°E / 47.367; 7.150
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Jura
Canton
Republic and Canton of Jura
République et canton du Jura (French)
Flag of Jura
Flag
Coat of arms of Jura
Coat of arms
Anthem: La Nouvelle Rauracienne
Map
Location in Switzerland
Map of Jura

Lowest point
364 m (1,194 ft): Allaine at Boncourt
Joined1979
LanguagesFrench
Websitewww.ju.ch
Logo of the Republic and Canton of Jura

The Republic and Canton of Jura (

canton of Neuchatel, the canton of Solothurn, and the French régions of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and Grand Est
.

History

Further information: Prince-Bishopric of Basel, Rauracian Republic, and Jura separatism
Old city of Porrentruy

The

Swiss Confederation
. At the
Protestant
.

After World War II,

Protestant majority, opted not to join the newly formed canton, instead remaining part of the canton of Bern. The area is now known as Bernese Jura. The word Jura, therefore, may refer either to canton Jura, or to the combined territory of canton Jura and the Bernese Jura. Switzerland as a whole often presents the latter from a touristic standpoint with documentation easily available in French or German
.

Federal Palace
in Bern, which features the arms of the other cantons, after its foundation in 1978

On creation, the canton adopted the title Republic and Canton of Jura. Other cantons in Switzerland using the title "Republic and Canton" are Ticino, Geneva, and Neuchâtel. In each case, the title refers to the autonomy of the canton and its nominal sovereignty within the Swiss Confederation.

Since 1994, the question of the Jura region has again been controversial. In 2004, a federal commission proposed that the French-speaking southern Jura be united with the canton of Jura, as the language question now seems to be more important than the denominational one. A possible solution would be to create two half-cantons, as reunification with the creation of only a single canton would mean a complete restructuring of the Jura's current political system, with the cantonal capital being transferred from Delémont to Moutier.

On 18 June 2017, the town of Moutier voted to secede from the canton of Bern and join the canton of Jura in a referendum. On 17 September 2017, the nearby municipalities of Belprahon and Sorvilier conversely voted to remain in the canton of Bern.[4] The vote in Moutier was later declared invalid.[5] On 28 March 2021, Moutier voted to secede from Bern and join Jura again in an officially sanctioned referendum.[6] The changeover is expected to be implemented by 2026.

Geography

Canton Jura lies in the northwest of

Jura mountains in the south and the Jura plateau in the north. The Jura plateau is hilly and almost entirely limestone. The districts of Ajoie and Franches-Montagnes lie in this region. The term "Jurassic
" is derived from the Jura Alps, strata of which give the era its name.

To the north and the west of the canton lies France. The canton of Solothurn and Basel-Landschaft are to east of the canton, while the canton of Bern bounds the Jura to the south. The rivers Doubs and the Birs drain the lands. The Doubs joins the Saône and then the Rhône, whereas the Birs is a tributary to the Rhine.

Political subdivisions

Districts

Districts in the canton of Jura

Jura is divided into 3 districts:

Municipalities

Main article: Municipalities of the canton of Jura

There are 50 municipalities in the canton (As of 2024).

Politics

Federal election results

Percentage of the total vote per party in the canton in the National Council Elections 1971-2019[7]
Party Ideology 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019
LRP.The Liberal-Radicalsa Classical liberalism c c 30.9 28.8 33.4 35.1 29.5 19.5 16.3 13.4 9.5 16.8 9.1
CVP/PDC/PPD/PCD Christian democracy c c 37.7 25.1 33.0 36.0 38.2 39.2 39.5 25.0 33.2 27.6 22.8
SP/PS Social democracy c c * b 17.8 25.5 28.8 32.4 34.2 34.2 36.9 30.8 23.7 27.0
SVP/UDC
Swiss nationalism
 c c * 2.0 * * * 7.2 8.3 13.7 15.5 12.8 14.5
CSP/PCS Christian socialism c c * 11.8 8.1 * * * * 11.0 * 6.6 9.6
PdA/PST-POP/PC/PSL Socialism c c * * * * * * * * * 3.8 *
GPS/PES Green politics c c * * * * * * * * 11.0 7.3 15.6
EDU/UDF Christian right c c * * * * * * 1.8 * * * *
Other c c 31.4 14.5 * * * * * * * 1.4 1.4
Voter participation % c c 58.6 61.4 51.6 43.4 42.4 40.9 46.6 44.0 44.4 54.3 42.6
RDP
before 2010
^b "*" indicates that the party was not on the ballot in this canton.
^c Part of the canton of Bern

Demographics

The population is almost entirely

Roman Catholic (75% as of 2000) with a small Protestant minority (13%).[8] The population of the canton (as of 31 December 2020) was 73,709.[2] As of 2007, the population included 8,195 foreigners, or about 11.8% of the total population.[9]

Historic population

The historical population is given in the following chart:[10]

Economy

textiles and tobacco. There is a growing number of small and medium-sized businesses. In 2001, there were 3,578 people who worked in the primary economic sector. 14,109 people were employed in the secondary sector and 16,513 people were employed in the tertiary sector.[10]

In 2001, the canton produced 0.9% of the entire Swiss national income while it had 0.9% of the total population.[10] In 2005, the average share of the national income per resident of the canton was 38,070 CHF, while the national average was 54,031 CHF, or about 70% of the national income per person.[11] Between 2003 and 2005, the average income grew at a rate of 6.4%, which was larger than the national rate of 5.3%. The average taxes in the canton are higher than in most cantons, in 2006, the tax index in the canton was 126.6 (Swiss average is 100.0). In 2006, the canton had the highest final tax rate on high wage earners (15.26% on a married couple with two children earning 150,000 CHF vs 11.6% nationally), though the tax rate was in the middle for lower-income families.[11]

Culture

The eau de vie Damassine is one typical produce of the Ajoie area. (see 今日のデリヘル嬢 Terroir Jura and Accueil Jura Infos)

See also

  • Frainc-Comtou dialect
  • Franco-Provençal language

Notes and references

  1. ^ Arealstatistik Land Cover - Kantone und Grossregionen nach 6 Hauptbereichen accessed 27 October 2017
  2. ^ a b "Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit". bfs.admin.ch (in German). Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  3. ^ Statistik, Bundesamt für (2021-01-21). "Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) nach Grossregion und Kanton - 2008-2018 | Tabelle". Bundesamt für Statistik (in German). Retrieved 2023-07-01.
  4. ^ "Two Bern villages vote against following Moutier to canton Jura". September 18, 2017.
  5. ^ Swiss Info 5 November 2018
  6. ^ "Liesse jurassienne à Moutier après le net oui dans les urnes". RTS (in French). 28 March 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  7. ^ Nationalratswahlen: Stärke der Parteien nach Kantonen (Schweiz = 100%) (Report). Swiss Federal Statistical Office. 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-08-02. Retrieved 2016-08-05.
  8. ^ Federal Department of Statistics (2004). "Wohnbevölkerung nach Religion". Archived from the original (Interactive Map) on 2016-09-24. Retrieved 2009-01-15.
  9. ^ Federal Department of Statistics (2008). "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeit, Geschlecht und Kantonen". Archived from the original (Microsoft Excel) on December 15, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
  10. ^ a b c d Canton of Jura in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  11. ^ a b Regionale Disparitäten in der Schweiz - Schlüsselindikatoren Archived 2013-06-14 at the Wayback Machine (in German and French) accessed 20 December 2011

Bibliography

  • Ganguillet, Gilbert: Le conflit jurassien. Un cas de mobilisation ethno-régionale en Suisse, Zürich 1986.
  • Harder, Hans-Joachim: Der Kanton Jura. Ursachen und Schritte zur Lösung eines Schweizer Minderheitenproblems, Frankfurt am Main 1978.
  • Hauser, Claude: Aux origines intellectuelles de la Question jurassienne. Culture et politique entre la France et la Suisse romande (1910–1950), Diss. Fribourg 1997.
  • Henecka, Hans Peter: Die jurassischen Separatisten. Eine Studie zur Soziologie des ethnischen Konflikts und der sozialen Bewegung, Meisenheim am Glan 1972.
  • Jenkins, John R.G.: Jura Separatism in Switzerland, Oxford 1986.
  • Ruch, Christian: Struktur und Strukturwandel des jurassischen Separatismus zwischen 1974 und 1994, Bern 2001.
  • Schwander, Marcel: Jura. Konfliktstoff für Jahrzehnte, Zürich/Köln 1977.
  • Steppacher, Burkard: Die Jurafrage in der Schweiz, München 1985.

External links

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