International Socialists (United States)
International Socialists | |
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Leader | Hal Draper |
Founded | 1964 |
Dissolved | 1986 |
Merger of | Independent Socialist Club Revolutionary Socialist Caucus Students for a Democratic Society Revolutionary Workers Committee |
Split from | Socialist Party of America |
Preceded by | Independent Socialist League |
Merged into | Solidarity |
Newspaper | Workers' Power |
Ideology | Third camp Trotskyism |
Political position | Far-left |
Part of a Politics series |
Third camp |
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This article is part of a series on |
Socialism in the United States |
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The International Socialists (1968–1986) was a
History
The roots of the IS went back to the fall of 1964 when the
The following year a second ISC was founded in Berkeley (one on campus, one in town) and another in New York.[5] In September 1967 a conference was held in New York and the clubs were federated under the umbrella Independent Socialist Clubs of America. A quarterly, Independent Socialist or I.S. had begun in early 1967 and became the organ of the new group.[6]
The group worked within the
More changed than just the name. The national office was transferred from New York to Detroit. The group's periodical, which had moved from New York to Berkeley, was also moved to Detroit and rechristened Workers' Power. National Secretary Joel Geier noted that while they had formerly been oriented toward the
Of all the Trotskyist groups that attempted a turn toward industry in the 1970s, the IS was the most successful. They became a force within opposition movements within several unions. These included the
However they were most successful within the
The IS organized regional conferences of the opposition movements within labor unions during the mid-1970s, and in the late 1970s formed the "Labor Education and Research Project." This "Project" began publication of Labor Notes, which carried news on rank-and-file reform movements within the unions and began regular conferences and workshops on re-radicalizing the labor movement.[13]
Meanwhile, the group lost some of its original members. Hal Draper left the organization in 1971. He claimed that the IS was embracing dual unionism, and felt that the IS was becoming a "micro-sect" and it was best to participate in personal, rather than organized political activity.
IS had long had informal links with the
Around the same time another tendency came into opposition to IS's leadership and split to form a new group called
Footnotes
- ^ Fisk, Milton Socialism from below in the United States:The Origins of the International Socialist Organization Hera Press, Cleveland 1977
- ^ Alexander, Robert "Schisms and unifications in the American Old Left" Labor History vol. 14 Fall 1973 p.545
- ^ Fisk, Milton Socialism from below in the United States:The Origins of the International Socialist Organization Hera Press, Cleveland 1977
- ^ Alexander, Robert. International Trotskyism: A Documented Analysis of the World Movement, Durham, Duke University Press, 1991, pp. 899–900
- ^ Alexander, Robert "Schisms and unifications in the American Old Left" Labor History, vol. 14, Fall 1973, p.545
- ^ Fisk, Milton Socialism from below in the United States:The Origins of the International Socialist Organization Hera Press, Cleveland 1977
- ^ Alexander, Robert "Schisms and unifications in the American Old Left", Labor History, vol. 14, Fall 1973, p.546
- ^ Alexander, Robert "Schisms and unifications in the American Old Left", Labor History, vol. 14, Fall 1973, p.545
- ^ Alexander, Robert. International Trotskyism: A Documented Analysis of the World Movement, Durham, Duke University Press, 1991, pp.899-900
- ^ Alexander, Robert. International Trotskyism: A Documented Analysis of the World Movement, Durham, Duke University Press 1991 pp. 901, 903
- ^ Alexander, Robert. International Trotskyism: A Documented Analysis of the World Movement, Durham, Duke University Press 1991, p.901
- ^ Alexander, Robert. International Trotskyism: A Documented Analysis of the World Movement, Durham, Duke University Press 1991 pp.902, 910
- ^ Alexander, Robert. International Trotskyism: A Documented Analysis of the World Movement, Durham, Duke University Press 1991, p.902
Works
- Independent socialist New York, N.Y. New York Independent Socialist Club, Vol. 1, no. 1 (January/February 1967)-v. 1, no. 7 (October 1968)
- I.S.: independent socialist. Berkeley, Ca. : Independent Socialist Clubs of America, No. 8 (March 1969)-no. 20 (June 1970)
- Book burning and censorship at U.C. Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1964
- The mind of Clark Kerr by Hal Draper Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1964
- Independent socialism, a perspective for the left Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1964 (ISC pamphlet #1)
- Third camp; the independent socialist view of war and peace policy by Hal Draper and Julius Jacobson Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1965 (ISC pamphlet #2)
- MacBird! by Barbara Garson Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1966
- The Two Souls of Socialism by Hal Draper Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1966 (ISC pamphlet #3)
- Toward the working class; a position paper for the New Left by Hal Draper, Kim Moody, Fred Eppsteiner and Mike Flug Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1966 (ISC pamphlet #4)
- Independent socialism and war; articles by Hal Draper Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1964 (Independent socialist clipping-books #2)
- A new era of labor revolt: on the job vs. official unions by Stan Weir Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1966
- The case for a new politics by Michael Shute Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1966
- In defense of black power; a position paper by Sy Landy and Charles Capper Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1966
- The fight for independence in Vietnam by Hal Draper Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1966
- Defend the ghetto uprisings Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1967
- The first Israel-Arab war, 1948-49 by Hal Draper and Al Findley Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1967 (Independent socialist clipping-books Xerocopy series #X-2)
- Zionism, Israel, & the Arabs; the historical background of the Middle East tragedy by Hal Draper Berkeley, Calif. : Independent Socialist Club, 1967 (Independent socialist clipping-books #3)
- Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels: articles in the New American cyclopaedia Hal Draper Berkeley ed., Calif. : Independent Socialist Press, 1968 (Independent socialist clipping-books #5)
Further reading
- Milton Fisk, "Socialism From Below: Origins of the ISO," 1977.
- Joel Geier, "Socialism from Below: Hal Draper's Contribution to Revolutionary Marxism," International Socialist Review, no. 107 (Winter 2017-18), pp. 87-108.
- Jack Weinberg, "Detroit Auto Uprising: 1973," Highland Park, MI: Network Publishing Group, 1974.
External links
- Hal Draper Internet Archive
- International Socialist Review Published by International Socialist Organization (ISO)
- Class Struggle Unionism Published by the International Socialists (U.S), 1975