Karl Gratz
Karl Gratz | |
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JaBoG 33 | |
Battles/wars | |
Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |
Karl Gratz (24 January 1919 – 14 March 2002) was an
In late 1941, Gratz was posted to Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—8th squadron of the 52nd Fighter Wing) which at the time was fighting on the Eastern Front. He claimed his first aerial victory on 15 February 1942. On 1 July 1942, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross following his 54th aerial victory. He then served as a fighter pilot instructor and was posted to Jagdgeschwader 2 "Richthofen" (JG 2—2nd Fighter Wing) in March 1943. Back on the Easter Front in 1944, he claimed his 100th aerial victory in March/April 1944. At the end of World War II, he served as Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 10. Staffel (10th squadron) of JG 52. He surrendered to United States Army forces and was turned over to the Red Army.
Gratz was released from captivity in 1949, joined the
World War II
"Charlie" Gratz was posted in autumn 1941 to 8.
On 12 May, German forces launched Operation Fredericus, also referred to as the
On 20 May, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Barwenkowa, approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) south-southwest of Izium. By the end of May 24, Soviet forces opposite Kharkov had been surrounded by German formations, over the next days, Soviet forces attempt to break the encirclement.
He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) on 1 July 1942.[13] The presentation was made by Major Hubertus von Bonin.[14] Gratz was one of four JG 52 pilots presented with the Knight's Cross that day. The other three pilots to receive the distinction that day were Feldwebel Alfred Grislawski, Feldwebel Karl Steffen and Oberleutnant Siegfried Simsch.[15] By late 1942 29 more victories had been claimed.
On the Western Front
After a spell instructing, Gratz was posted in March 1943 to 11. Staffel (11th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 2 "Richthofen" (JG 2—2nd Fighter Wing) on the English channel front. The 11. Staffel was an additional 4th squadron of I. Gruppe of JG 2 which was based at Triquerville and equipped with the Bf 109 G-3. On 1 October 1943, the squadron was renumbered and from then on was known as 4. Staffel of JG 2.[16]
On 12 March, Gratz claimed his first aerial victory on the
On 4 April, he claimed two further Spitfires destroyed in combat 80 km (50 mi) north of
Gratz received the German Cross in Gold (Deutsches Kreuz in Gold) on 8 June 1943.[21] On 16 August, the Eighth Air Force of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) targeted the Le Bourget airfield near Paris with a large formation of Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress escorted by a number of Republic P-47 Thunderbolt escort fighters. In defense of this attack, I. Gruppe of JG 2 claimed three B-17s and one P-47 shot down for the loss of five pilots killed in action.[22] In this encounter, Gratz was credited with the destruction of one B-17 shot down 9 km (5.6 mi) southeast of Brétigny.[23]
On the Eastern Front
In March 1944, Gratz returned to JG 52. That month, Gratz was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 64th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.[24] On 1 April 1945, Gratz was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 10. Staffel of JG 52. He succeeded Leutnant Viktor Petermann who was transferred.[25] 10. Staffel was subordinated to III. Gruppe of JG 52 and headed by Major Adolf Borchers.[26] In the last weeks of the war, Gratz was particularly successful and claimed 18 victories. After the surrender he was delivered by U.S. military to the Soviet authorities and remained in captivity until 1949.
Later life
Post-war, his military service in the
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Gratz was credited with 138 aerial victories.[29] Obermaier and Spick also list Gratz with 138 aerial victories, including 17 on the Western Front of which three of them were USAAF four-engined bombers.[30][31] Barbas states that Gratz claimed 18 aerial victories after 16 February, 14 of which are undocumented.[32] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and state that Gratz was credited with 138 aerial victories. This figure includes 132 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and six over the Western Allies, including one four-engined bomber.[33]
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 44442". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15
Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||||
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This and the ♠ (
ace-in-a-day ", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day. This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Barbas, Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
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Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | ||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[35] Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 28 April 1942 | |||||||||||
1 | 15 February 1942 | 13:47 | I-61 (MiG-3)[3] | 6 | 9 March 1942 | 12:37 | I-61 (MiG-3)[36] | ||||
2 | 15 February 1942 | 15:50 | Il-2[3] | 7 | 18 March 1942 | 12:24 | SB-2[36] | ||||
3 | 16 February 1942 | 07:35 | Il-2[3] | 8 | 24 March 1942 | 16:53 | I-61 (MiG-3)[37] | ||||
4 | 22 February 1942 | 15:35 | V-11 (Il-2)[38] | 9 | 7 April 1942 | 13:12 | I-61 (MiG-3)[37] | ||||
5 | 8 March 1942 | 11:18 | I-61 (MiG-3)[36] | 10 | 7 April 1942 | 13:17 | I-61 (MiG-3)[37] | ||||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[39] Eastern Front — 29 April – October 1942 | |||||||||||
11 | 30 April 1942 | 14:27 | I-16[40] | 48 | 22 June 1942 | 08:28 | LaGG-3[41] | ||||
12 | 30 April 1942 | 14:32 | I-61 (MiG-3)[40] | 49 | 23 June 1942 | 14:45 | MiG-1[41] | ||||
13 | 30 April 1942 | 14:36 | I-153[40] | 50 | 24 June 1942 | 05:51 | MiG-1[42] | ||||
14 | 3 May 1942 | 11:47 | I-16[43] | 51 | 24 June 1942 | 05:54 | MiG-1[42] | ||||
15 | 8 May 1942 | 15:35 | MiG-1[43] | 52 | 24 June 1942 | 05:58 | MiG-1[42] | ||||
16 | 13 May 1942 | 06:47 | MiG-1[5] | 53 | 30 June 1942 | 13:28 | LaGG-3[42] | ||||
17 | 13 May 1942 | 09:09 | MiG-1[5] | 54 | 30 June 1942 | 13:54 | Hurricane[42] | ||||
18 | 13 May 1942 | 09:12 | MiG-1[5] | 55 | 4 September 1942 | 13:48 | MiG 1 | PQ 44442, south of Mozdok[44] | |||
19♠ | 14 May 1942 | 07:02 | LaGG-3[5] | 56 | 4 September 1942 | 16:53 | I-16 | PQ 44452[44] south of Mozdok | |||
20♠ | 14 May 1942 | 07:08 | LaGG-3[5] | 57 | 7 September 1942 | 08:45 | Pe-2 | PQ 44454, south of Mozdok[45] vicinity of Wosnessnokaja | |||
21♠ | 14 May 1942 | 09:39 | MiG-1[9] | 58 | 8 September 1942 | 12:44 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44377, south of Mozdok[45] | |||
22♠ | 14 May 1942 | 09:43 | MiG-1[9] | 59 | 9 September 1942 | 14:01 | MiG-1 | PQ 44442, south of Mozdok[45] | |||
23♠ | 14 May 1942 | 12:10 | MiG-1[9] | 60 | 9 September 1942 | 16:46 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44463[45] south of Mozdok | |||
24♠ | 14 May 1942 | 12:14 | MiG-1 | 5 km (3.1 mi) west of Kotowka[9] | 61 | 17 September 1942 | 14:30 | I-16 | PQ 54362[46] vicinity of Dudorovskiy | ||
25♠ | 14 May 1942 | 12:17 | MiG-1[9] | 62 | 22 September 1942 | 08:35 | La-5 | PQ 44671[46] | |||
26♠ | 14 May 1942 | 18:16 | MiG-1[9] | 63 | 22 September 1942 | 08:40 | MiG-1 | PQ 44572[46] east of Elkhotovo | |||
27♠ | 14 May 1942 | 18:19 | MiG-1[9] | 64 | 25 September 1942 | 16:22?[Note 2] | Il-2?[Note 2] | PQ 44372[46] east of Elkhotovo | |||
28 | 15 May 1942 | 07:58 | I-16[9] | 65 | 27 September 1942 | 12:35 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44613[48] | |||
29 | 15 May 1942 | 17:02 | I-16[9] | 66 | 27 September 1942 | 14:58 | Boston | PQ 4442, south of Mozdok[48] | |||
30 | 16 May 1942 | 08:04 | MiG-1[9] | 67 | 27 September 1942 | 15:06 | Boston | PQ 44451[48] west of Werchne Atschakuli | |||
31 | 17 May 1942 | 07:02 | MiG-1[9] | 68 | 27 September 1942 | 15:08 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44483[48] | |||
32 | 17 May 1942 | 07:12 | MiG-1[9] | 69♠ | 28 September 1942 | 12:27 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44674[48] south of Sagopschin | |||
33 | 18 May 1942 | 05:14 | MiG-1[9] | 70♠ | 28 September 1942 | 12:30 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44642[48] | |||
34 | 26 May 1942 | 05:28 | LaGG-3[11] | 71♠ | 28 September 1942 | 12:32 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44554[48] | |||
35 | 26 May 1942 | 09:36 | MiG-1 | 5 km (3.1 mi) northeast of Izium[11] | 72♠ | 28 September 1942 | 16:03 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44563[48] | ||
36 | 26 May 1942 | 09:40 | MiG-1 | 3 km (1.9 mi) east of Izium[11] | 73♠ | 28 September 1942 | 16:08 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44572[48] | ||
37 | 26 May 1942 | 17:15 | LaGG-3[11] | 74 | 29 September 1942 | 07:58 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44614[48] south of Sagopschin | |||
38 | 27 May 1942 | 04:55 | MiG-1[11] | 75 | 29 September 1942 | 08:04 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44623[48] vicinity of Malgobek | |||
39 | 27 May 1942 | 04:58 | MiG-1[11] | 76 | 30 September 1942 | 16:03 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44614, south of Sagopschin[49] | |||
40 | 27 May 1942 | 18:43 | LaGG-3[11] | 77 | 30 September 1942 | 16:05 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44644[49] | |||
41 | 29 May 1942 | 16:50 | I-16[11] | 78 | 30 September 1942 | 16:09 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44652[49] | |||
42 | 29 May 1942 | 17:18 | LaGG-3[11] | 79 | 2 October 1942 | 13:48 | I-16 | PQ 43282[49] | |||
43 | 2 June 1942 | 14:42 | Su-2 (Seversky)[50] | 80 | 2 October 1942 | 13:52?[Note 3] | I-16 | PQ 34423[49] | |||
44 | 2 June 1942 | 14:51 | Su-2 (Seversky)[50] | 81 | 4 October 1942 | 14:58 | Boston | PQ 44721[49] south of Elkhotovo | |||
45 | 2 June 1942 | 14:59 | MiG-1[50] | 82 | 4 October 1942 | 15:01 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44764[49] | |||
46 | 9 June 1942 | 19:09 | MiG-1[50] | 83 | 4 October 1942 | 15:07 | Boston | PQ 44842[49] | |||
47 | 21 June 1942 | 05:19 | Il-2[41] | ||||||||
– 11. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 2 "Richthofen" –[47] Western Front — 1 January – 31 December 1943 | |||||||||||
84 | 12 March 1943 | 13:05 | Spitfire | 30 km (19 mi) northwest of Fécamp[17] | 87 | 5 April 1943 | 16:02 | Spitfire | 80 km (50 mi) north of Ostend[17] | ||
85 | 4 April 1943 | 13:28 | Spitfire | 80 km (50 mi) north of Caen[17] | 88 | 27 July 1943 | 18:35 | Spitfire | 25 km (16 mi) east of Caen[23] | ||
86 | 4 April 1943 | 13:32 | Spitfire | 80 km (50 mi) north of Caen[17] | 89 | 16 August 1943 | 11:45 | B-17 | 9 km (5.6 mi) southeast of Brétigny[23] | ||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[51] Eastern Front — 1 January – 31 December 1944 | |||||||||||
90 | 19 April 1944 | 17:20 | P-40 | vicinity of Sevastopol[52] 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Sevastopol |
105 | 24 May 1944 | 06:34 | LaGG | PQ 78712[53] 25 km (16 mi) northeast of Iași | ||
91 | 22 April 1944 | 17:14 | P-39 | PQ 25464[52] 20 km (12 mi) west-northwest of Yelnya |
106 | 30 May 1944 | 07:14 | Pe-2 | PQ 78522[53] 25 km (16 mi) west of Tudora | ||
92 | 22 April 1944 | 17:30 | Il-2 | PQ 35482[52] 15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Sevastopol |
107 | 30 May 1944 | 15:50 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 78674[53] 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Iași | ||
93 | 23 April 1944 | 10:10 | LaGG | vicinity of Balaklava[52] 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Sevastopol |
108 | 5 June 1944 | 10:21 | Yak-9 | PQ 79561[54] vicinity of Huși | ||
94 | 24 April 1944 | 09:16 | LaGG | PQ 35452[52] 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Sevastopol |
109 | 12 June 1944 | 17:34 | LaGG | PQ 78869[55] 25 km (16 mi) east of Iași | ||
95 | 24 April 1944 | 15:23 | Il-2 | PQ 35482[52] 15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Sevastopol |
110 | 22 June 1944 | 14:08 | LaGG | PQ 68872[55] north of Târgu Frumos | ||
96 | 24 April 1944 | 15:36 | LaGG | PQ 35454[52] 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Sevastopol |
111 | 27 June 1944 | 16:40 | P-39?[Note 5] | PQ 85233[55] east of Stawropoliskaja | ||
97 | 24 April 1944 | 15:36 | LaGG | PQ 35454[52] 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Sevastopol |
112 | 16 July 1944 | 08:28 | P-39 | PQ 50328[55] 20 km (12 mi) north-northeast of Ternopil | ||
98 | 25 April 1944 | 07:44 | LaGG | vicinity of Katscha[52] | 113 | 16 July 1944 | 08:31 | P-39 | PQ 50362[55] 25 km (16 mi) east-northeast of Ternopil | ||
99 | 5 May 1944 | 10:42 | P-39 | PQ 35433[53] 25 km (16 mi) east-northeast of Sevastopol |
114 | 16 July 1944 | 08:48 | Pe-2 | PQ 50366[55] 25 km (16 mi) east-northeast of Ternopil | ||
100 | 6 May 1944 | 13:02 | LaGG | vicinity of Belbek[53] vicinity of Sevastopol |
115 | 20 July 1944 | 09:31 | P-39 | PQ 32835[55] vicinity of Liuboml | ||
101 | 21 May 1944 | 05:32 | LaGG | PQ 68884[53] 20 km (12 mi) south-southwest of Târgu Frumos |
116 | 22 August 1944 | 09:16 | P-39 | PQ 11415[56] 15 km (9.3 mi) west of Sandomir | ||
102 | 21 May 1944 | 05:38 | LaGG | PQ 68853[53] 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Târgu Frumos |
117?[Note 6] | 24 October 1944 | 15:58 | Yak-9 | 20 km (12 mi) north-northeast of Majdanpek[57] | ||
103 | 22 May 1944 | 06:42 | LaGG | PQ 78742[53] 20 km (12 mi) north-northeast of Roman |
118 | 26 October 1944 | 11:00 | Il-2[58] | 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Orșova | ||
104 | 22 May 1944 | 10:50 | P-39 | PQ 78342[53] 30 km (19 mi) east-southeast of Botoșani |
119 | 26 October 1944 | 11:04 | Il-2[58] | 15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Turnu Severin | ||
– 10. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[59] Eastern Front — 1 January – April 1945 | |||||||||||
121 | 16 February 1945 | —
|
unknown[32] | 127 | 10 April 1945 | —
|
P-39 | ||||
123 | 24 March 1945 | —
|
Yak-9 | PQ 71147[32] vicinity of Strehlen |
128 | 10 April 1945 | —
|
Yak-3 | |||
124 | 9 April 1945 | —
|
P-39 | 129 | 10 April 1945 | —
|
P-39 | ||||
125 | 9 April 1945 | —
|
P-38 | 131 | 17 April 1945 | —
|
Yak-9 | ||||
126 | 9 April 1945 | —
|
P-39 |
Awards
- Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st Class[60]
- Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 8 June 1942 as Unteroffizier and pilot[61]
- German Cross in Gold on 8 June 1943 as Feldwebel in the 8./Jagdgeschwader 52[62][Note 7]
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 1 July 1942 as Unteroffizier and pilot in the 8./Jagdgeschwader 52[63][64]
Notes
- ^ For an explanation of the meaning of Luftwaffe unit designation see Luftwaffe Organization
- ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 16:20 as a Polikarpov I-16.[47]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:53.[47]
- ^ The "m.H." refers to an Ilyushin Il-2 with rear gunner (mit Heckschütze).
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Douglas A-20 Havoc.[47]
- ^ According to Barbas, this claim was filed while flying with the Stab of JG 52.[57]
- ^ According to Obermaier on 26 July 1943.[30]
References
Citations
- ^ Prien et al. 2005, p. 143.
- ^ Prien et al. 2005, pp. 144–146.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2005, p. 155.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 514–515.
- ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2006, p. 545.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 515–516.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 545–546.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 516.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Prien et al. 2006, p. 546.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 516–517.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2006, p. 547.
- ^ Barbas 2010, p. 283.
- ^ Weal 2004, p. 79.
- ^ Weal 2007, p. 47.
- ^ Weal 2004, pp. 78–79, 85.
- ^ Prien et al. 2010, pp. 432, 436.
- ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2010, p. 443.
- ^ Franks 1998, p. 85.
- ^ a b Franks 1998, pp. 89–90.
- ^ Franks 1998, p. 90.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 418.
- ^ Prien et al. 2010, pp. 435, 450.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2010, p. 444.
- ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 243.
- ^ Barbas 2010, p. 280.
- ^ Barbas 2010, p. 279.
- ^ Braatz 2010, p. 233.
- ^ Braatz 2010, p. 234.
- ^ Zabecki 2019, p. 329.
- ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 121.
- ^ Spick 1996, p. 229.
- ^ a b c Barbas 2010, p. 381.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 418–421.
- ^ Planquadrat.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 418–419.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2005, p. 157.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2005, p. 158.
- ^ Prien et al. 2005, p. 156.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 419–420.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2006, p. 542.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2006, p. 549.
- ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2006, p. 550.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 544.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 556.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2006, p. 557.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2006, p. 559.
- ^ a b c d Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 420.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Prien et al. 2006, p. 560.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2006, p. 561.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2006, p. 548.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 420–421.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Barbas 2010, p. 375.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Barbas 2010, p. 376.
- ^ Barbas 2010, p. 377.
- ^ a b c d e f g Barbas 2010, p. 378.
- ^ Barbas 2010, p. 379.
- ^ a b Barbas 2016, p. 75.
- ^ a b Barbas 2010, p. 380.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 421.
- ^ Dixon 2023, p. 201.
- ^ Patzwall 2008, p. 88.
- ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 146.
- ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 202.
- ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 346.
Bibliography
- Barbas, Bernd (2010). Die Geschichte der III. Gruppe des Jagdgeschwaders 52 [The History of 3rd Group of Fighter Wing 52] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-94-6.
- Barbas, Bernd (2016). Die Geschichte des Stabes, der 13. und 15. Staffel und der Ersatzeinheit des Jagdgeschwaders 52 [The History of Headerquarters Unit, the 13th and 15th Squadrons and the Replacement Unit of Fighter Wing 52] (in German). ISBN 978-3-86619-128-0.
- Bergström, Christer [in Swedish]. "Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website". Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
- ISBN 978-3-9811615-5-7.
- Dixon, Jeremy (2023). Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe: Knight's Cross Holders 1939–1942. ISBN 978-1-52677-864-2.
- ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
- ISBN 978-1-85780-075-3.
- Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 2 G–L. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-19-6.
- Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
- Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
- Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2005). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/I—Winterkampf im Osten—6.12.1941 bis 30.4.1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/I—Winter War in the East—6 December 1941 to 30 April 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-76-2.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/II—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/II—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-77-9.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2010). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 10/IV—Einsatz im Westen—1.1. bis 31.12.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 10/IV—Action in the West—1 January to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-92-2.
- Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
- Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces. New York: ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
- Weal, John (2004). Jagdgeschwader 52: The Experten. Aviation Elite Units. Vol. 15. Oxford, UK: ISBN 978-1-84176-786-4.
- Weal, John (2007). More Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front. Oxford, UK: ISBN 978-1-84603-177-9.
- ISBN 978-1-44-086918-1.
External links
- "Karl Gratz". Jagdgeschwader 52 — Traditionsgemeinschaft Jagdgeschwader 52 e.V. (in German). Retrieved 15 September 2011.