Robert Weiß (pilot)
Robert Weiß | |
|---|---|
 Weiß in 1944 | |
| Nickname(s) | "Bazi" |
| Born | 21 April 1920 Baden bei Wien, Austria |
| Died | 29 December 1944 (aged 24) near Lengerich |
| Cause of death | Killed in action |
| Buried | Helenen cemetery in Baden bei Wien |
| Allegiance |  JG 54 |
| Battles/wars | See battles
|
| Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves |
Robert "Bazi" Weiß (21 April 1920 – 29 December 1944) was an
heavy bombers
.
Born in
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
on 12 March 1945.
Early life and career
Weiß was born on 21 April 1920 in Baden bei Wien, Austria. He was the oldest son of a higher city secretary (Stadtobersekretär), a public servant, and police commissioner (Polizei-Inspektor). Following four years of schooling at a Volksschule (compulsory education) in Baden, he attended the Bundesgymnasium (secondary education) since 3 September 1930, graduating with his Matura (maturity diploma) in 1938. In early 1939, he volunteered for military service with the Luftwaffe as an officer cadet, serving with Flak-Regiment 22, an anti-aircraft artillery regiment based at Döberitz.[1]
World War II
World War II in Europe began on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. For the invasion, Flak-Regiment 22 was subordinated to the 3. leichte Division (3rd Light Division). Following this campaign, Weiß was trained as a fighter pilot,[Note 1] and was posted to 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG 26—26th Fighter Wing) on 1 January 1941. On 1 April, he was promoted to Leutnant (second lieutenant).[1]
Fighting against the
Abbeville-Drucat Airfield where Weiß shot down a Spitfire of the Royal New Zealand Air Force No. 485 Squadron.[5] In September 1942, Weiß was transferred to 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing) which was based on the Eastern Front.[6]
Eastern Front
In September 1942, 1. Staffel of JG 54 was commanded by Oberleutnant
Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe) on 8 May.[10]
After Oberleutnant Franz Eisenach was wounded in combat on 8 July, Weiß temporarily replaced him as Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 3. Staffel of JG 54 until his return on 15 September 1943.[11] On 12 July, Weiß was awarded the German Cross in Gold (Deutsches Kreuz in Gold).[1][Note 2] On 20 July, I. Gruppe relocated to an Karachev during the Battle of Kursk.[12] Weiß claimed two Il-2 ground-attack aircraft destroyed, his first aerial victories following his return to combat operations, on 2 August while supporting German troops retreating northwest of Orel and southwest of Kromy.[13] On 15 September, Weiß was temporarily given command of 1. Staffel, replacing Oberleutnant Otto Vinzent who had stepped in for Oberleutnant Walter Nowotny after Nowotny had been put in command of I. Gruppe. On 28 September, Weiß was transferred to IV. Gruppe where was made Staffelkapitän of 10. Staffel of JG 54. He replaced Oberleutnant Alfred Teumer who had been wounded in aerial combat on 3 September. Command of 1. Staffel was then passed to Oberleutnant Kurt Fischer.[14] On 11 September, Weiß made an emergency landing in his Focke-Wulf Fw 190 A-6 (Werknummer 530 337—factory number) at Shatalovka following aerial combat.[15] On 15 February 1944, Weiß claimed his last aerial victories on the Eastern Front when he shot down four Il-2 ground-attack aircraft in support of 16th Army fighting in the combat area near Luga. Two days later, he left IV. Gruppe, handing over command of 10. Staffel to Oberleutnant Paul-Rudolf Deterra. Weiß had telegraphed his fiancée, that for the four weeks he would be rehabilitating at a clinic in Oberschreiberhau, present-day Szklarska Poręba, near Hirschberg, present-day Jelenia Góra in Poland.[16]
Western Front and death
While Weiß was recovering at Oberschreiberhau, the commander of 10. Staffel of JG 54 was
defense of the Reich against the Western Allies.[17] Weiß, who had been nominated for the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) while serving with 3. Staffel of JG 54, received the award on 26 March 1944.[18] On 20 April, III. Gruppe relocated to Landau an der Isar. Here Weiß claimed his first aerial victory with III. Gruppe on 19 May when he shot down a United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Lockheed P-38 Lightning southeast of Oschersleben. On 27 May, Weiß claimed his first heavy bomber when he shot down a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress northwest of Colmar.[19]
On 6 June 1944, Weiß was temporarily appointed Varrelbusch Airfield (10. and 11. Staffel), where it became the first unit to receive the new Fw 190 D-9.[22][23] On 28 September, Weiß was credited with the destruction of a Spitfire fighter, his 119th victory claim. His opponent was Flight Lieutenant Duncan McCuaig from the RAF No. 541 Squadron, a photographic reconnaissance squadron.[24][25]
III. Gruppe became fully operational on 25 December with all three squadrons uniting at Varrelbusch Airfield. On 27 December, III. Gruppe fought
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub) on 12 March 1945, the 782nd officer or soldier of the Wehrmacht so honored. Initially he was interred on the new cemetery in Lingen. In 1958, his remains were moved and reinterred to the war cemetery at Baden bei Wien and again moved to the Helenen cemetery where he now rests in a family grave.[1] He was replaced by Oberleutnant Hans Dortenmann as commander of III. Gruppe of JG 54.[27]
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Weiß was credited with 121 aerial victories.[28] Obermaier also lists Weiß with 121 aerial victories in claimed 471 missions.[10] Spick claims that Weiß shot down 90 aircraft on the Eastern front and 31 on Western Front.[29] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces – Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 122 aerial victory claims. This figure of confirmed claims includes 96 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and 26 Western Front, including three four-engined bombers.[30]
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 10191". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15
minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size.[31]
| Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
| |||||||||
| Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location |
| – 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 26 –[32] On the Western Front — 22 June 1941 – 31 December 1941 | |||||||||
| 1 | 21 September 1941 | 16:25 | Spitfire | 5 km (3.1 mi) northwest of Berck[33] | |||||
| – 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 26 –[32] On the Western Front — 1 January – 31 December 1942 | |||||||||
| 2 | 9 March 1942 | 16:40 | Spitfire | 4–6 km (2.5–3.7 mi) west of Boulogne[34] | 3 | 31 May 1942 | 19:40 | Spitfire | Abbeville[35] |
| – 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[32] Eastern Front — 1 May 1942 – 3 February 1943 | |||||||||
| 4 | 12 January 1943 | 09:57 | Il-2 | PQ 10191[36] east of Mga |
9 | 15 January 1943 | 11:47?[Note 3] | Yak-1 | PQ 00252[37] 15 km (9.3 mi) west-southwest of Shlisselburg |
| 5 | 12 January 1943 | 14:19?[Note 4] | Il-2 | PQ 00262[36] 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Shlisselburg |
10 | 23 January 1943 | 12:55 | P-40 | PQ 10324[38] 10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Mga |
| 6 | 14 January 1943 | 09:15 | Il-2 | PQ 10182[37] east of Mga |
11 | 24 January 1943 | 14:47 | Il-2 | PQ 00412[38] 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Pushkin |
| 7 | 14 January 1943 | 12:35 | I-153 | PQ 10322[37] 10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Mga |
12 | 29 January 1943 | 14:33 | Il-2 | PQ 10153[38] southeast of Shlisselburg |
| 8 | 15 January 1943 | 09:25 | Su-2 (Seversky) | PQ 10143[37] south of Shlisselburg |
|||||
| – 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[32] Eastern Front — February 1943 | |||||||||
| 13 | 10 February 1943 | 11:15 | Il-2 | PQ 36 Ost 10151[39] southeast of Shlisselburg |
16 | 17 February 1943 | 15:34 | Il-2 | PQ 36 Ost 10611[39] 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Luban |
| 14 | 11 February 1943 | 08:25 | La-5 | PQ 36 Ost 00412[39] 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Pushkin |
17 | 23 February 1943 | 14:25 | Il-2 | PQ 36 Ost 00283[40] 20 km (12 mi) west of Mga |
| 15 | 14 February 1943 | 15:08 | I-153 | PQ 36 Ost 00414[39] 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Pushkin |
|||||
| – 3. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[41] Eastern Front — March – 31 December 1943 | |||||||||
| 18 | 7 March 1943 | 11:44 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 1835[42] 30 km (19 mi) north-northwest of Shlisselburg |
43 | 14 August 1943 | 18:03 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 51872[43] 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Bohodukhiv |
| 19 | 7 March 1943 | 11:45 | Il-2?[Note 5] | PQ 35 Ost 18391[42] 45 km (28 mi) northeast of Cholm |
44 | 17 August 1943 | 08:50 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 41491[43] |
| 20 | 14 March 1943 | 07:45 | LaGG-3 | PQ 36 Ost 00264[42] 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Shlisselburg |
45 | 17 August 1943 | 08:57 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 41484[43] |
| 21 | 16 March 1943 | 07:20 | MiG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 18274[44] 20 km (12 mi) southeast of Staraya Russa |
46 | 19 August 1943 | 15:25 | P-39 | PQ 35 Ost 51551, Popowka[43] northeast of Bohodukhiv |
| 22 | 17 March 1943 | 16:17 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 18143[44] 20 km (12 mi) south-southeast of Staraya Russa |
47 | 19 August 1943 | 15:27 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 51581[43] northeast of Bohodukhiv |
| 23 | 20 March 1943 | 12:15 | P-40 | PQ 36 Ost 00283[44] 20 km (12 mi) west of Mga |
48 | 19 August 1943 | 15:30 | P-39 | PQ 35 Ost 51554[43] northeast of Bohodukhiv |
| 24 | 22 March 1943 | 08:53 | Il-2 | PQ 36 Ost 00421[44] Pushkin-Mga |
49 | 20 August 1943 | 15:35 | MiG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 51581[45] northeast of Bohodukhiv |
| 25 | 22 March 1943 | 08:54 | Il-2 | PQ 36 Ost 00238[44] 20 km (12 mi) west of Mga |
50 | 22 August 1943 | 10:26 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 41691[45] |
| 26 | 22 March 1943 | 08:55 | Il-2 | PQ 36 Ost 00253[44] 20 km (12 mi) west of Mga |
51 | 22 August 1943 | 16:02 | P-39 | PQ 35 Ost 61773[45] 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Kharkov |
| 27 | 24 March 1943 | 06:54 | La-5 | PQ 36 Ost 10332[44] 20 km (12 mi) east-southeast of Mga |
52 | 23 August 1943 | 17:00 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 60123[45] Gulf of Finland, north of Kunda |
| 28 | 30 March 1943 | 18:28 | MiG-3 | PQ 36 Ost 00224[46] 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of Pushkin |
53 | 23 August 1943 | 17:05 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 60133[45] Gulf of Finland, north of Kunda |
| 29 | 3 April 1943 | 18:11 | P-39 | PQ 36 Ost 00271[46] 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of Pushkin |
54 | 23 August 1943 | 17:07 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 60132[45] Gulf of Finland, north of Kunda |
| 30 | 8 April 1943 | 16:35 | LaGG-3 | PQ 36 Ost 01774[46] 25 km (16 mi) north-northeast of Leningrad |
55 | 24 August 1943 | 17:04 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 60183[45] Gulf of Finland, north of Kunda |
| 31 | 13 April 1943 | 18:02 | Pe-2 | PQ 36 Ost 00154[46] 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Leningrad |
56 | 25 August 1943 | 18:17 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 51713[45] 15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Achtyrka |
| 32 | 2 August 1943 | 16:50 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 54593[47] 30 km (19 mi) northeast of Karachev |
57 | 28 August 1943 | 13:40 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 43792[45] 15 km (9.3 mi) south-southwest of Sevsk |
| 33 | 2 August 1943 | 17:00 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 54623[48] 20 km (12 mi) west of Bolkhov |
58 | 30 August 1943 | 18:12 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 35531[49] 20 km (12 mi) southeast of Yelnya |
| 34 | 3 August 1943 | 17:13 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 54831[48] 10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Karachev |
59 | 1 September 1943 | 05:58 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 36391[49] 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Yelnya |
| 35 | 4 August 1943 | 11:54?[Note 6] | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 54532[48] 40 km (25 mi) west of Bolkhov |
60 | 2 September 1943 | 10:10 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 35512[49] 15 km (9.3 mi) southwest of Yelnya |
| 36 | 7 August 1943 | 08:45 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 54593[48] 30 km (19 mi) northeast of Karachev |
61 | 4 September 1943 | 08:25 | Yak-9 | PQ 35 Ost 35574[49] 30 km (19 mi) south-southwest of Yelnya |
| 37 | 10 August 1943 | 12:30 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 51573[48] northeast of Bohodukhiv |
62 | 6 September 1943 | 06:55 | Yak-9 | PQ 35 Ost 26851[49] 10 km (6.2 mi) north of Yartsevo |
| 38 | 12 August 1943 | 17:25 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 41691[48] | 63 | 7 September 1943 | 16:40 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 34234[51] 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Kirov |
| 39 | 13 August 1943 | 07:45 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 5181[43] | 64 | 7 September 1943 | 16:41 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 45773[51] 15 km (9.3 mi) west-southwest of Kirov |
| 40 | 14 August 1943 | 07:08 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 51832, Dolstrik[43] 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Zolochev |
65 | 10 September 1943 | 16:43?[Note 7] | Yak-9 | PQ 35 Ost 44171[51] 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Datkovo |
| 41 | 14 August 1943 | 18:00 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 50214[43] Gulf of Finland |
66 | 10 September 1943 | 16:47?[Note 8] | Yak-9 | PQ 35 Ost 34263[51] 45 km (28 mi) southeast of Ostashkov |
| 42 | 14 August 1943 | 18:01 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 50213[43] Gulf of Finland |
?[Note 9] | 15 September 1943 | 16:10 | LaGG-3 | 10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Yelnya |
| – 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[50] Eastern Front — September 1943 | |||||||||
| 67 | 22 September 1943 | 11:30 | Yak-9 | PQ 35 Ost 58514[52] | 68 | 24 September 1943 | 10:10 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 02532[52] |
| – 10. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[50] Eastern Front — 28 September – 31 December 1943 | |||||||||
| 69 | 17 October 1943 | 14:25 | LaGG-3 | PQ 26 Ost 90262, east of Oranienbaum[53] 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Krassnoje-Selo |
75 | 17 November 1943 | 09:13?[Note 10] | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 97483[53] 45 km (28 mi) northwest of Velikye-Luki |
| 70 | 17 October 1943 | 14:30 | LaGG-3 | PQ 36 Ost 00152[53] 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Leningrad |
76 | 17 November 1943 | 09:15 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 97483[53] 45 km (28 mi) northwest of Velikye-Luki |
| 71 | 5 November 1943 | 14:50?[Note 11] | Il-2?[Note 11] | south of Nevel[53] south of Nevel |
77 | 8 December 1943 | 11:29 | Pe-2 | 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of Aksis[53] |
| 72 | 12 November 1943 | 08:55 | Yak-9 | west of Nevel[53] | 78 | 14 December 1943 | 12:28 | LaGG-3 | PQ 26 Ost 90272[53] 20 km (12 mi) south of Lomonosov |
| 73 | 17 November 1943 | 09:10 | P-40 | PQ 25 Ost 97562[53] 30 km (19 mi) east-northeast of Idriza |
79 | 29 December 1943 | 12:57 | La-5 | PQ 26 Ost 90423[53] 15 km (9.3 mi) west of Gorodok |
| 74 | 17 November 1943 | 09:12?[Note 12] | P-40 | PQ 25 Ost 97562[53] 30 km (19 mi) east-northeast of Idriza |
|||||
| – 10. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[54] Eastern Front — 1 January – February 1944 | |||||||||
| 80 | 8 January 1944 | 12:13 | P-40 | PQ 36 Ost 00182[55] 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Pushkin |
90 | 24 January 1944 | 13:32 | Il-2 | 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Gagarin |
| 81 | 15 January 1944 | 10:38 | Il-2 | PQ 26 Ost 90283[55] 20 km (12 mi) southeast of Lomonosov |
91 | 25 January 1944 | 10:00 | Pe-2 | |
| 82 | 15 January 1944 | 13:01 | Il-2 | PQ 26 Ost 90414[55] 25 km (16 mi) south of Lomonosov |
92 | 25 January 1944 | 10:08 | Il-2 | vicinity of Gagarin |
| 83 | 15 January 1944 | 13:02 | Il-2 | PQ 26 Ost 90421[55] 25 km (16 mi) southeast of Lomonosov |
93 | 25 January 1944 | 12:23 | Il-2 | 10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Gagarin |
| 84 | 17 January 1944 | 10:50 | Il-2 | 94 | 25 January 1944 | 12:25 | Il-2 | 10 km (6.2 mi) north of Gagarin | |
| 85 | 17 January 1944 | 10:55 | Il-2 | near Pushkin | 95 | 15 February 1944 | 13:10 | Il-2 | 20 km (12 mi) south-southeast of Gorodets |
| 86 | 17 January 1944 | 10:56 | Il-2 | 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Pushkin | 96 | 15 February 1944 | 13:11 | Il-2 | 20 km (12 mi) south-southeast of Gorodets |
| 87 | 19 January 1944 | 09:45 | Il-2 | 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Novgorod | 97 | 15 February 1944 | 13:12 | Il-2 | 20 km (12 mi) south-southeast of Gorodets |
| 88 | 19 January 1944 | 10:15 | Il-2 | 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Novgorod | 98 | 15 February 1944 | 13:13 | Il-2 | 20 km (12 mi) south-southeast of Gorodets |
| 89 | 24 January 1944 | 13:20 | Il-2 | 20 km (12 mi) southwest of Gagarin | |||||
| – 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[56] Western Front — May – 21 June 1944 | |||||||||
| 99 | 19 May 1944 | 13:17 | P-38
|
southeast of Oschersleben[57] | 103 | 10 June 1944 | 14:21 | P-47 | PQ 15 West S/UU-5[58] Caen |
| 100 | 27 May 1944 | 12:18 | B-17 | 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Colmar[58] | 104 | 17 June 1944 | 19:03 | Spitfire | PQ 15 Ost S/UT-2[58] Carpiquet |
| 101 | 7 June 1944 | 13:45 | Spitfire | 3 km (1.9 mi) southeast of Caen[58] | 105 | 17 June 1944 | 19:08 | Spitfire | PQ 04 Ost N/AA-1[58] southeast of Saint-Pierre-sur-Dives |
| 102 | 7 June 1944 | 14:14 | P-51 | PQ 04 Ost N/AE-7/1, Guyancourt[58] | |||||
| – Stab III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[56] Western Front — 21 June – 29 December 1944 | |||||||||
| 106 | 22 June 1944 | 21:15 | P-51 | PQ 05 Ost S/UB-6/9[59] Bernay |
114 | 23 July 1944 | 19:18 | P-38 | PQ 04 Ost N/BE-4[59] Arpajon |
| 107 | 23 June 1944 | 16:50 | Spitfire | PQ 15 Ost S/UU-2[59] Caen |
115 | 28 July 1944 | 20:14 | B-26 | PQ 04 Ost N/AA-1[59] Vimoutiers |
| 108 | 23 June 1944 | 16:57 | Spitfire | PQ 15 Ost S/UU-2[59] Caen |
116 | 6 August 1944 | 12:21 | B-24 | PQ 05 Ost S/UE/UD[59] Mantes-Pontoise |
| 109 | 27 June 1944 | 13:47 | Spitfire | PQ 04 Ost S/AA-4[59] Trun |
117 | 6 August 1944 | 12:22 | B-24 | PQ 05 Ost S/UE/UD[59] Mantes-Pontoise |
| 110 | 4 July 1944 | 19:45 | Spitfire | PQ 15 Ost S/TS/US[59] Carentan-Saint-Lô |
118 | 8 August 1944 | 14:48 | P-38 | PQ 15 Ost S/BT-4[60] Mortain |
| 111 | 12 July 1944 | 14:30 | P-47 | PQ 04 Ost N/AB[59] Conches |
119 | 28 September 1944 | 16:07 | Spitfire | PQ 05 Ost S/ES-8[60] 1 km (0.62 mi) northwest of Apelstedt |
| 112 | 12 July 1944 | 14:33 | P-47 | PQ 04 Ost N/AB[59] Conches |
120 | 6 November 1944 | 14:48 | P-38 | PQ 05 Ost S/CP, Norderney[60] over sea |
| 113 | 23 July 1944 | 19:17 | P-38 | PQ 04 Ost N/BE-4[59] Arpajon |
121 | 29 December 1944 | 11:00 | Spitfire | PQ 05 Ost S/FQ-7[60] Gersten |
Awards
- Iron Cross (1939)
- Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 8 May 1943 as Oberleutnant and pilot[62]
- German Cross in Gold on 12 July 1943 as Oberleutnant in the I./Jagdgeschwader 54[63][Note 2]
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
- Knight's Cross on 26 March 1944 as Oberleutnant and Staffelkapitän of the 3./Jagdgeschwader 54[64][Note 13]
- 782nd Oak Leaves on 12 March 1945 as Hauptmann and Gruppenkommandeur of the III./Jagdgeschwader 54[65][66]
Dates of rank
| 1 April 1941: | Leutnant (second lieutenant)[1] |
| 1 March 1943: | Oberleutnant (first lieutenant)[1] |
| 1 July 1944: | Hauptmann (captain)[21] |
Notes
- ^ Flight training in the Luftwaffe progressed through the levels A1, A2 and B1, B2, referred to as A/B flight training. A training included theoretical and practical training in aerobatics, navigation, long-distance flights and dead-stick landings. The B courses included high-altitude flights, instrument flights, night landings and training to handle the aircraft in difficult situations.[2]
- ^ a b According to Obermaier on 2 August 1943.[10]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 11:57.[32]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:10.[32]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Yakovlev Yak-7.[32]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 11:57.[50]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:43.[50]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:47.[50]
- ^ This claim is not listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock.[51]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 09:12.[50]
- ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed over a Lavochkin La-5 at 13:50.[50]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 09:11.[50]
- ^ According to Scherzer as Staffelkapitän in the IV./Jagdgeschwader 54.[65]
References
Citations
- ^ a b c d e f g Stockert 2008, p. 164.
- ^ Bergström, Antipov & Sundin 2003, p. 17.
- ^ Caldwell 1996, pp. 179–180.
- ^ Caldwell 1996, p. 214.
- ^ Caldwell 1996, pp. 243–244.
- ^ Caldwell 1996, p. 285.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 71, 81.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 76–77, 96.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, pp. 111, 173.
- ^ a b c Obermaier 1989, p. 74.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, pp. 165, 191.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 137.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, pp. 141, 180.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, pp. 165, 344, 351.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 193.
- ^ Prien, Stemmer & BalkeBock 2022, pp. 515, 547.
- ^ Prien et al. 2019, pp. 446–447.
- ^ Weal 2001, p. 108.
- ^ Prien et al. 2019, pp. 439, 450–451.
- ^ Prien et al. 2019, p. 446.
- ^ a b Stockert 2008, p. 165.
- ^ a b Manrho & Putz 2010, p. 279.
- ^ Prien et al. 2019, p. 442.
- ^ Forsyth 2019, p. 37.
- ^ Weal 2001, p. 94.
- ^ Prien et al. 2019, p. 463.
- ^ Weal 2001, p. 118.
- ^ Zabecki 2019, p. 330.
- ^ Spick 1996, p. 231.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1390–1392.
- ^ Planquadrat.
- ^ a b c d e f g Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1390.
- ^ Prien et al. 2003, p. 533.
- ^ Prien et al. 2004, p. 371.
- ^ Prien et al. 2004, p. 372.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 96.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2006, p. 98.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2006, p. 99.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 169.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 170.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1390–1391.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2012, p. 171.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2012, p. 181.
- ^ a b c d e f g Prien et al. 2012, p. 172.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Prien et al. 2012, p. 182.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 173.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 179.
- ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2012, p. 180.
- ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2012, p. 183.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1391.
- ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2012, p. 184.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2012, p. 185.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Prien et al. 2012, p. 350.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1391–1392.
- ^ a b c d Prien, Stemmer & BalkeBock 2022, p. 551.
- ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1392.
- ^ Prien et al. 2019, p. 450.
- ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2019, p. 451.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Prien et al. 2019, p. 452.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2019, p. 453.
- ^ a b Thomas 1998, p. 428.
- ^ Patzwall 2008, p. 214.
- ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 504.
- ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 440.
- ^ a b Scherzer 2007, p. 776.
- ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 99.
Bibliography
- ISBN 978-0-9721060-4-7.
- Bergström, Christer [in Swedish]. "Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website". Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
- Caldwell, Donald L. (1996). The JG 26 War Diary: Volume One 1939–1942. London, UK: Grubstreet. ISBN 978-1-898697-52-7.
- ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
- Forsyth, Robert (2019). Tempest V vs Fw 190D-9: 1944–45. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-2927-6.
- Manrho, John; Putz, Ron (2010). Bodenplatte: The Luftwaffe's Last Hope. Mechanicsburg, PA: ISBN 978-1-4617-5072-7.
- Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-21-9.
- Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
- Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
- Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 5—Heimatverteidigung—10. Mai 1940 bis 31 Dezember 1941—Einsatz im Mittelmeerraum—Oktober 1940 bis November 1941—Einsatz im Westen—22. Juni bis 31. Dezember 1941—Die Ergänzungsjagdgruppen—Einsatz 1941 bis zur Auflösung Anfang 1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 5—Defense of the Reich—10 May 1940 to 31 December 1941—Action in the Mediterranean Theater—October 1940 to November 1941—Action in the West—22 June to 31 December 1941—The Supplementary Fighter Groups—Action from 1941 until their Breakup in Early 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-68-7.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2004). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 7—Heimatverteidigung—1. January bis 31 Dezember 1942—Einsatz im Westen—1. Januar bis 31. Dezember 1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 7—Defense of the Reich—1 January to 31 December 1942—Action in the West—1 January to 31 December 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-73-1.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/III—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/III—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-78-6.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2012). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 12/III—Einsatz im Osten—4.2. bis 31.12.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 12/III—Action in the East—4 February to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Buchverlag Rogge. ISBN 978-3-942943-07-9.
- Prien, Jochen; Balke, Ulf; Stemmer, Gerhard; Bock, Winfried (2019). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 13/V—Einsatz im Reichsverteidigung und im Westen—1.1. bis 31.12.1944 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 13/V—Action in the Defense of the Reich and in the West—1 January to 31 December 1944] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-942943-21-5.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Balke, Ulf; Bock, Winfried (2022). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 15/II—Einsatz im Osten—1.1. bis 31.12.1944 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 15/II—Action in the East—1 January to 31 December 1944] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Buchverlag Rogge. ISBN 978-3-942943-28-4.
- Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
- Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces. New York: ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
- Stockert, Peter (2008). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 8 [The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 8] (in German). Bad Friedrichshall: Friedrichshaller Rundblick. OCLC 76072662.
- Thomas, Franz (1998). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 2: L–Z [The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 2: L–Z] (in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-2300-9.
- Weal, John (2001). Jagdgeschwader 54 "Grünherz". Aviation Elite Units. Vol. 6. Oxford, UK: ISBN 978-1-84176-286-9.
- ISBN 978-1-44-086918-1.
