2013 Pakistani general election
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All 342 seats in the National Assembly 172 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Turnout | 55.02%[1](10.68pp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results by constituency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Pakistan portal |
General elections were held in
The result was a hung parliament,
In the provincial elections, the PPP was able to defend its majority in Sindh. The PTI won the most seats in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the first time it had gained control of a province. The PML-N emerged as the largest party in Punjab and Balochistan.[6][7][8][9]
The elections were the first civilian transfer of power following the successful completion of a five-year term by a democratically elected government.[10]
Background
According to the
In mid-January 2013,
In the run up to the elections, a
Process
With assistance from the International Foundation for Electoral Systems, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP)announced the printing of computerised electoral rolls, the first of its kind database which resulted in the elimination of 35 million bogus voters off the list.[15]
Schedule
- 1 August 2012: The Election Commission of Pakistan announces 2013 general elections would be held on the basis of same old constituencies.[16]
- December 2012: The Supreme Court of Pakistan orders delimitation of constituencies and door-to-door verification of voters with the help of Pakistan Army in Karachi.[citation needed]
- 17 January 2013: The Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) starts door-to-door verification of voters list.[17]
- 3 February 2013: President Asif Ali Zardari stated he would announce the election date between 8 and 14 March 2013.[18]
- 31 March 2013: Last date to submit the candidates' papers.
Caretaker government
Following the recommendations in Article 224 (Clauses 1A-1B) of the
The
Under the provision of Article 224-A (Clause 3) of the constitution,
Registered voters
Following is the final list of registered voters in each district of Pakistan who are eligible to cast their vote.[27]
- The total number of registered voters for the election were 76,194,802.
- The province of Punjab had the highest number of registered voters.
- In cities, cityor district in Pakistan.
- In Balochistan, due to sparse population, some National Assembly seats were shared by two or three districts.
Province | District | No. of Voters | Seat No |
---|---|---|---|
Balochistan | Awaran | 56,387 | NA-270 |
Balochistan | Barkhan | 55,327 | NA-263 |
Balochistan | Chagai | 66,836 | NA-260 |
Balochistan | Dera Bugti | 63,953 | NA-265 |
Balochistan | Gwadar | 93,650 | NA-272 |
Balochistan | Harnai | 33,140 | NA-265 |
Balochistan | Jaffarabad | 247,316 | NA-266 |
Balochistan | Jhal Magsi | 44,533 | NA-267 |
Balochistan | Kachhi (Bolan) | 103,108 | NA-267 |
Balochistan | Kalat | 104,445 | NA-268 |
Balochistan | Kech | 173,972 | NA-272 |
Balochistan | Kharan | 45,176 | NA-271 |
Balochistan | Khuzdar | 165,593 | NA-269 |
Balochistan | Killa Abdullah | 184,832 | NA-262 |
Balochistan | Killa Saifullah | 88,424 | NA-264 |
Balochistan | Kohlu | 38,624 | NA-265 |
Balochistan | Lasbela | 182,697 | NA-270 |
Balochistan | Loralai | 107,028 | NA-263 |
Balochistan | Mastung | 80,118 | NA-268 |
Balochistan | Musakhel | 51,864 | NA-263 |
Balochistan | Nasirabad | 162,349 | NA-266 |
Balochistan | Nushki | 61,878 | NA-260 |
Balochistan | Panjgur | 74,751 | NA-271 |
Balochistan | Pishin | 196,859 | NA-261 |
Balochistan | Quetta | 559,939 | NA-259 |
Balochistan | Sherani | 31,837 | NA-264 |
Balochistan | Sibi | 75,832 | NA-265 |
Balochistan | Washuk | 38,171 | NA-271 |
Balochistan | Zhob | 96,278 | NA-264 |
Balochistan | Ziarat | 51,742 | NA-261 |
BALOCHISTAN | TOTAL | 3,336,659 | NA-259 to NA-272 |
FATA | Bajaur Agency | 353,554 | NA-43, NA-44 |
FATA | F.R. Bannu | 9,482 | NA-47 |
FATA | F.R. D. I. Khan | 22,269 | NA-47 |
FATA | F.R. Kohat | 41,070 | NA-47 |
FATA | F.R. Lakki Marwat | 9,939 | NA-47 |
FATA | F.R. Peshawar | 23,371 | NA-47 |
FATA | F.R. Tank | 15,581 | NA-47 |
FATA | Khyber Agency | 336,763 | NA-45, NA-46 |
FATA | Kurram Agency | 262,021 | NA-37, NA-38 |
FATA | Mohmand Agency | 177,244 | NA-36 |
FATA | North Waziristan Agency | 160,666 | NA-40 |
FATA | Orakzai Agency | 125,687 | NA-39 |
FATA | South Waziristan Agency | 200,666 | NA-41, NA-42 |
FATA | TOTAL | 1,738,313 | NA-36 to NA-47 |
Federal Area | Islamabad | 625,964 | NA-48, NA-49 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Abbottabad | 675,188 | NA-17, NA-18 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Bannu | 444,059 | NA-26 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Batagram | 204,980 | NA-22 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Buner | 360,019 | NA-28 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Charsadda | 704,680 | NA-7, NA-8 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Chitral | 206,909 | NA-32 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | D. I. Khan | 606,959 | NA-24 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Hangu | 214,703 | NA-16 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Haripur | 531,866 | NA-19 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Karak | 315,087 | NA-15 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Kohat | 409,372 | NA-14 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Kohistan | 127,015 | NA-23 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Lakki Marwat | 330,274 | NA-27 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Lower Dir | 541,565 | NA-34 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Malakand | 311,172 | NA-35 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Mansehra | 742,674 | NA-20 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Mardan | 987,122 | NA-9, NA-10, NA-11 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Nowshera | 619,914 | NA-5, NA-6 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Peshawar | 1,393,144 | NA-1, NA-2, NA-3, NA-4 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Shangla | 296,722 | NA-31 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Swabi | 714,454 | NA-12, NA-13 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Swat | 981,823 | NA-29, NA-30 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Tank | 150,585 | NA-25 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Tor Ghar | 64,867 | NA-21 |
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Upper Dir | 331,004 | NA-33 |
KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA | TOTAL | 12,266,157 | NA-1 to NA-35 |
Punjab | Attock | 1,022,180 | NA-57, NA-58, NA-59 |
Punjab | Bahawalnagar | 1,264,077 | NA-188, NA-189, NA-190, NA-191 |
Punjab | Bahawalpur | 1,522,061 | NA-183, NA-184, NA-185, NA-186, NA-187 |
Punjab | Bhakkar | 711,837 | NA-73, NA-74 |
Punjab | Chakwal | 929,747 | NA-60, NA-61 |
Punjab | Chiniot | 602,290 | NA-86, NA-87, NA-88 |
Punjab | Dera Ghazi Khan | 1,052,720 | NA-171, NA-172, NA-173 |
Punjab | Faisalabad | 3,622,748 | NA-75, NA-76, NA-77, NA-78, NA-79, NA-80, NA-81, NA-82, NA-83, NA-84, NA-85 |
Punjab | Gujranwala | 2,273,141 | NA-95, NA-96, NA-97, NA-98, NA-99, NA-100, NA-101 |
Punjab | Gujrat | 1,581,402 | NA-104, NA-105, NA-106, NA-107 |
Punjab | Hafizabad | 543,646 | NA-102, NA-103 |
Punjab | Jhang | 1,145,415 | NA-89, NA-90, NA-91 |
Punjab | Jhelum | 783,571 | NA-62, NA-63 |
Punjab | Kasur | 1,463,575 | NA-138, NA-139, NA-140, NA-141, NA-142 |
Punjab | Khanewal | 1,301,926 | NA-156, NA-157, NA-158, NA-159 |
Punjab | Khushab | 680,471 | NA-69, NA-70 |
Punjab | Lahore | 4,410,095 | NA-118, NA-119, NA-120, NA-121, NA-122, NA-123, NA-124, NA-125, NA-126, NA-127, NA-128, NA-129, NA-130 |
Punjab | Layyah | 736,509 | NA-181, NA-182 |
Punjab | Lodhran | 727,177 | NA-154, NA-155 |
Punjab | Mandi Bahauddin | 815,154 | NA-108, NA-109 |
Punjab | Mianwali | 757,191 | NA-71, NA-72 |
Punjab | Multan | 2,110,177 | NA-148, NA-149, NA-150, NA-151, NA-152, NA-153 |
Punjab | Muzaffargarh | 1,681,436 | NA-176, NA-177, NA-178, NA-179, NA-180 |
Punjab | Nankana Sahib | 623,625 | NA-135, NA-136, NA-137 |
Punjab | Narowal | 792,379 | NA-115, NA-116, NA-117 |
Punjab | Okara | 1,396,811 | NA-143, NA-144, NA-145, NA-146, NA-147 |
Punjab | Pakpattan | 823,478 | NA-164, NA-165, NA-166 |
Punjab | Rahim Yar Khan | 1,904,615 | NA-192, NA-193, NA-194, NA-195, NA-196, NA-197 |
Punjab | Rajanpur | 724,286 | NA-174, NA-175 |
Punjab | Rawalpindi | 2,645,608 | NA-50, NA-51, NA-52, NA-53, NA-54, NA-55, NA-56 |
Punjab | Sahiwal | 1,190,424 | NA-160, NA-161, NA-162, NA-163 |
Punjab | Sargodha | 1,861,804 | NA-64, NA-65, NA-66, NA-67, NA-68 |
Punjab | Sheikhupura | 1,341,341 | NA-131, NA-132, NA-133, NA-134 |
Punjab | Sialkot | 1,841,347 | NA-110, NA-111, NA-112, NA-113, NA-114 |
Punjab | Toba Tek Singh | 1,089,508 | NA-92, NA-93, NA-94 |
Punjab | Vehari | 1,285,562 | NA-167, NA-168, NA-169, NA-170 |
PUNJAB | TOTAL | 49,259,334 | NA-50 to NA-197 |
Sindh | Badin | 639,314 | NA-224, NA-225 |
Sindh | Dadu | 609,609 | NA-231, NA-232, NA-233 |
Sindh | Ghotki | 568,065 | NA-200, NA-201 |
Sindh | Hyderabad | 923,140 | NA-218, NA-219, NA-220, NA-221 |
Sindh | Jacobabad | 394,557 | NA-208, NA-209, NA-210 |
Sindh | Jamshoro | 369,424 | NA-231 |
Sindh | Kambar-Shahdadkot | 508,062 | NA-206 |
Sindh | Karachi Central | 1,632,487 | NA-244, NA-245, NA-246, NA-247 |
Sindh | Karachi East | 2,093,898 | NA-253, NA-254, NA-255, NA-256 |
Sindh | Karachi South | 1,131,376 | NA-248, NA-249, NA-250, NA-251, NA-252 |
Sindh | Karachi West | 1,493,055 | NA-239, NA-240, NA-241, NA-242, NA-243 |
Sindh | Karachi Malir | 820,421 | NA-257, NA-258 |
Sindh | Kashmore | 353,616 | NA-210 |
Sindh | Khairpur | 838,502 | NA-215, NA-216, NA-217 |
Sindh | Larkana | 585,519 | NA-204, NA-205, NA-207 |
Sindh | Matiari | 300,486 | NA-223 |
Sindh | Mirpur Khas | 585,262 | NA-226, NA-227 |
Sindh | Naushahro Feroze | 600,090 | NA-211, NA-212 |
Sindh | Sanghar | 793,397 | NA-234, NA-235, NA-236 |
Sindh | Shaheed Benazirabad | 668,193 | NA-213, NA-214 |
Sindh | Shikarpur | 488,878 | NA-202, NA-203 |
Sindh | Sukkur | 527,635 | NA-198, NA-199 |
Sindh | Tando Allahyar | 286,956 | NA-223 |
Sindh | Tando Muhammad Khan | 230,554 | NA-222 |
Sindh | Tharparkar | 471,831 | NA-229, NA-230 |
Sindh | Thatta | 663,543 | NA-237, NA-238 |
Sindh | Umerkot | 385,505 | NA-228 |
SINDH | TOTAL | 18,963,375 | NA-198 to NA-258 |
PAKISTAN | TOTAL | 0 |
Campaign
Party leader | Most recent position of party leader | Seats won | Popular vote |
Status after election | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nawaz Sharif |
Prime Minister of Pakistan (November 1990 to July 1993, February 1997 to October 1999) |
125 | 14,794,188 | In Government | |
Asif Ali Zardari |
(2008–2013) |
31 | 6,822,958 | In Opposition | |
Imran Khan |
Chairman of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (1995–2023) |
27 | 7,563,504 | In Opposition |
With the announcement of the care-taker government, campaigning from parties—including the
Pakistan Peoples Party
Founded in 1968, the
The PPP's campaign was led by
Soon after the PM's last address on 16 March 2013, TV carried live broadcasts from the streets of Lahore and Karachi, where the public mood was one of anger over corruption, the bad economy, and faulty public services. The reaction of political analysts was mixed, with many holding massive corruption and nepotism as the reasons for the government's perceived failures. Even in his televised address, while trumpeting the occasion, PM Raja P Ashraf quietly conceded that his government had also been a source of disappointment for many. Public resentment had been fed by an endless list of problems: enduring power shortages [up to 18 hours a day at the peak of summer]; the failure to curb terrorist attacks, protect religious minorities and formulate a coherent anti-terrorism strategy; slow and weak response to the floods; sluggish economic growth, a bloated public sector, cresting inflation; and tales of legendary corruption, carving out private fortunes from a treasury to which they scandalously paid little in tax. Many Pakistanis, particularly among the urban middle classes, were looking to the next elections with relief.[36]
In Karachi and other parts of the country, the PPP also maintained a New Left alliance with the ANP, MQM, and Communist Party against the conservative parties in Sindh.[37]
Pakistan Muslim League Noon
The
The
Addressing to the national via
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
The
In the midst of election campaign, the
The
During a campaign rally in Lahore,
Pervez Musharraf
On 24 March 2013, former President
On immediate basis, Musharraf's candidature was rejected from his home town of
On 16 April, an appeal for his approval from Chitral decided by a court in the provincial capital of Peshawar in which he was barred on the grounds that he violated the constitution by imposing emergency rule in 2007. His lawyer said that he would appeal to the Supreme Court.[54] He was also ordered to be kept under house arrest for two weeks. On 23 April, he appeared at a Rawalpindi court under tight security on charges relating to the assassination of Benazir Bhutto.[55] On 25 April, he was formally arrested for the same charge.[56] The Peshawar High Court then banned him for life from taking part in politics activities. Chief Justice Dost Mohammad Khan said: "The former dictator [Musharraf] had ordered senior judges and their families be put under house arrest and twice abrogated the country's constitution."[57] In reaction to the ban, a party spokeswoman for the All Pakistan Muslim League said that it would boycott the election.[58] He was granted US$20,000 bail on 20 May.[59]
Violence
Pre-election violence
The
In a rally in
Election day violence
Scattered gun and bomb attacks marred an otherwise celebratory day in a nation mired in economic crisis and locked in a fight with a virulent native Taliban insurgency. By the time polls closed in the evening, at least 20 people had died in attacks, the most serious targeting a pro-US political party in the southern port city of Karachi. The violence, which included blasts outside a political office in Karachi that left 10 dead, capped a bloody election season.[68] More than 130 people have been killed in bombings and shootings over the campaign, prompting some to call this one of the deadliest votes in the country's history.
Several bombs were reportedly defused before voting began on Saturday morning, according to al-Jazeera. No one had so far taken the responsibility for the attacks, except for the initial two blasts in the coastal city of Karachi, claimed by TTP.[citation needed]
Opinion polls
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf to play important role in next government.
— Najam Sethi, 2013
Various polls were conducted by different organisations, all of which show inconsistencies and different results.
In March 2013, a survey by
According to a survey conducted by
Pakistan Peoples Party to emerge victorious on basis of performance., 2013
Senior political analyst,
Support based on generation gap
The survey's findings indicate that the PTI's support is derived from all age groups – 22.9 per cent of those between 18 and 35 years, 18.6 per cent of those between 36 and 50 years, 18.4 per cent of those between 51 and 70 years and 7.7 of those above 70 years support the PTI, dispelling the notion that its vote bank is rooted in the younger generation. The highest proportion of those aged between 36 and 50 years (32.5 per cent) indicate a preference for the PPP. Similarly, 46.2 per cent of those aged over 70 expressed a preference for the PML(N). Compared with respondents' voting histories, the PML(N)'s vote bank appears to have remained stagnant while the PPP's seems to have declined significantly. It appears that the PTI has a stronger urban base, while a higher proportion of rural respondents indicated that they would vote for either the PPP or the PML(N) in the upcoming elections.[72]
Voting trends by ethnicity
Predictably, the highest level of support for the ruling
Support based on household income
On average, approximately a third of those earning up to 30,000 rupees each month indicated a preference for the
International monitor recommendations
The
The mission visited Pakistan from 16 to 21 December and met with election authorities, government officials, party leaders, media and citizen monitoring groups. Joe Clark commended the co-operation of all parties, especially in adopting measures to bring the
European Union
The European Union offered to send its observers to Pakistan's elections, in a bid to ensure a "peaceful, credible" vote that will be "acceptable" to all. "The EU looks forward to upcoming elections that are peaceful, credible, transparent, inclusive and acceptable to the Pakistani people," EU foreign ministers said released after talks. The 27-nation bloc "is ready to assist by deploying an election observation mission, as a tangible sign of our support for the democratic process," the statement added. The ministers also said they looked forward to re-energizing ties with the next government and hoped quick contacts could lead to a third EU-Pakistan summit.[74] Pakistan responded by saying it will welcome a European Union election observation mission during the forthcoming general elections."Yes, we will welcome the observation mission", foreign secretary Jalil Abbas Jilani said.[75]
A 110-member team from the European Union will observe Pakistan's elections. The European Union High Representative and Vice-President of the European Commission, Ms. Catherine Ashton, has decided to authorise a European Union Election Observation Mission (EOM) to observe the elections. A member of the European Parliament will lead the 2013 EU EOM as its Chief Observer. The EU EOM team will include observers, experts, election analysts, political analysts, legal analysts, human rights analysts, media analysts and others. On the basis of special agreements with the EU, observers from Norway, Switzerland and Canada are also part of the EOM. Some members will be deployed well in advance of election day, while others will be deployed at least ten days prior to the election day.
The observers will assess aspects of the election process, nomination of candidates, election campaign, counting, tabulation, announcement of official results and complaints' procedures, and will cover pre-election preparations, election-day itself and the post-electoral period. The observers will follow the political campaign and hold regular meetings with representatives of election management bodies, political parties, candidates and civil society groups.[76]
United States
The
A US delegation consisting of Senator Carl Levin, US Ambassador to Pakistan Richard Olsen and Armed Services Committee Senator Jack Reed visited Pakistan on 8 January for talks with Prime Minister Raja Pervaiz Ashraf. The delegation stated that not only the US, but the world would observe the general election with great interest.[78]
The
It encourages the US to make efforts to support Pakistan's democratic evolution and the success of its upcoming elections. Such efforts should include a public commitment to neutrality and respect for the electoral processes, coupled with support for an international observation mission. It also urges US diplomatic and military officials to continue to engage with a broad array of Pakistani civilian leaders and military officials, while making it clear that the United States "does not favour any specific electoral outcome and strongly opposes any disruption of the constitutional process or intervention during the caretaker period."[79]
US officials have denied the general perception in Pakistan that the US government wants to influence the electoral process in Pakistan to bring in a friendly government. US Secretary of State John Kerry skipped a planned visit to Pakistan to avoid accusations of meddling in the 11 May elections. Spokesperson Victoria Nuland stated that the message the United States wants to send out during the election season is "we have no favourites among Pakistani politicians and we are looking forward to work with whoever is elected on May 11." Secretary Kerry's decision to skip Pakistan during his South Asia visit is an indication of Washington's eagerness to maintain neutrality during the elections.[80]
Results
Statistics and database collected and published by the Election Commission (EC), approximately ~86.9 million Pakistanis were registered to vote.[81] Overall, the Voter turnout was 55.02%,[82][83] the highest since 1970 and 1977.[84]
The Election Commission results were broadcast by
National Assembly
Following the elections, 19 independents joined PML(N).[87]
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Women | Minority | Total | +/– | ||||
Islami Tehreek | 2,694 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Christian Progressive Movement | 2,523 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Mohib-e-Wattan Nowjawan Inqilabion Ki Anjuman | 2,503 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Mutahidda Qabil Party | 2,399 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Qaumi Tahaffaz Party | 2,202 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Mustaqbil Pakistan | 2,052 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Sairkistan Qaumi Ittehad | 1,890 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Seraiki Sooba Movement | 1,797 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Awami Workers Party | 1,657 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Jamhoori Wattan Party | 1,632 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Karwan-i-Millat | 1,412 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Jannat Pakistan Party | 1,269 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Tehreek Tabdili Nizam | 1,164 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muslim League (SB) | 1,063 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Insani Haqook Party | 989 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Patriotic Movement | 948 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muslim League (S) | 890 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Markazi Jamiat Mushaikh | 833 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Conservative Party | 794 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Tehreek-e-Istehkaam | 651 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Islamic Republican Party | 631 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Tehrek-e-Inqalab | 593 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Tehreek-e-Ittehad Ummat | 583 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pak Justice Party | 537 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Freedom Party | 502 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Roshan Pakistan Muhaibban Wattan Party | 493 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muslim League (H) | 472 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Mutahida Baloch Movement | 471 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Menecracy Action Party | 447 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Awami Himayat Tehreek | 330 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Islami Inqalab Party | 274 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Human Rights Party | 266 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S) | 258 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Pakistan Gharib Party | 256 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Sindh Dost Ittehad Party | 250 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Istehkaam-e-Pakistan | 240 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pak Wattan Party | 220 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Istiqlal Party | 218 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Hazara Awami Ittehad | 214 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan National Democratic Party | 191 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Communist Party of Pakistan | 191 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Ghareeb Awam Party | 174 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muslim League (M) | 172 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muslim League (C) | 152 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Afgan Qomi Movement | 152 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Brohi Party | 149 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muhajir League | 134 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muhafiz Watan Party | 126 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Azad Pakistan Party | 116 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Pakistan Muslim League (Zehri) | 101 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Tehreek-e-Masawaat | 99 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
All Pakistan Bayrozgar Party | 89 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Aman Party | 71 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal | 69 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Motherland Party | 68 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muslim League (H) | 64 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Qaumi Party | 55 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Pakistan Islami Justice Party | 54 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Tehreek-e-Wafaq | 48 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Salam Pakistan Party | 34 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Aap Janab Sarkar Party | 30 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Jamiat Ulma-e-Pakistan (Niazi) | 27 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Muhammadi Party | 24 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Aalay Kalam Ullah Farman Rasool | 15 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
All Pakistan Youth Working Party | 14 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Punjab National Party | 13 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Pakistan Awami Quwat Party | 9 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Pakistan Awami Inqalab | 7 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Independents | 5,880,658 | 12.96 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 27 | –3 | |
Repoll ordered | 3 | – | – | 3 | – | |||
Postponed/terminated/withheld | 5 | – | 1 | 6 | – | |||
Total | 45,388,404 | 100.00 | 272 | 60 | 10 | 342 | 0 | |
Registered voters/turnout | 84,207,524 | – | ||||||
Source: ECP (elected seats), ECP (minority seats), ECP (women seats), ECP (votes) |
Provincial Assemblies
Party | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pakistan Peoples Party 6 | 94 | 0 | 3 | | ||
Muttahida Qaumi Movement | 0 | 34 | 0 | 0 | ||
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | ||
Pakistan Muslim League (F) | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
Jamaat-e-Islami | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 | ||
Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | ||
National Peoples Party | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
Pakistan Muslim League (Q) | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||
National Party (Pakistan) | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | ||
Awami National Party | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | ||
Balochistan National Party | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||
All Pakistan Muslim League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
Pakistan Muslim League (Z) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Awami Muslim League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Qaumi Watan Party | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | ||
Awami Jamhuri Ittehad Pakistan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | ||
Bahawalpur National Awami Party | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Jamote Qaumi Movement | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||
Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
Pakistan National Muslim League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Independents | 39 | 6 | 7 | 14 | ||
Results awaited | 8 | 0 | 6 | 0 | ||
Elections postponed | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Total | 297 | 130 | 51 | 99 | ||
Source: ECP |
Reactions
Domestic
On the night of the elections, the youth supporter, partisans, and lobbyists gathered in
Through this vote and campaign, I have felt how much love Pakistan has for me. And I have twice as much love for you. Thank God that he has given us the chance to help you, to help Pakistan, to help the young people. We will fulfill all the promises that we have made. Pray that we can make a government on our own, without compromises or have to lean on anyone else. Because if we have to ask for seats, we cannot make a strong government. We forgive anyone who has abused us along the way and we have not cursed anyone. We want to get Pakistan out of trouble. We have a program to change the
State of Pakistan. We must make a decision to change this country. To all other parties, I say come and sit at the table.— Nawaz Sharif, on 11 May 2013, source[88]
The Chief Election Commissioner Fakhruddin G. Ebrahim expressed gratitude to the voters for the record high turnout of 60%.[89] Secretary of the Election Commission Ishtiaq Ahmed Khan said that the elections were free, fair and transparent and the claims of irregularities will be answered on a case-by-case basis.[90]
Even before the result was announced, the PTI conceded defeat.[91] PTI leader Imran Khan congratulated Nawaz Sharif[92] but also demanded recounting in numerous constituencies.[93]
MQM leader
Military analyst and security expert Talat Masood said: "This is an ideal and a graceful victory for Sharif. He will form a strong government at the center, which is badly needed to tackle some enormous economic and security challenges."[95]
President Asif Ali Zardari blamed the poor performance of PPP on a domestic and international conspiracy, as well as domestic terrorism by the Taliban preventing the party from campaigning.[96]
Economic
The country's stocks rose to record and the economic indicators performed well in advance of the unofficially determined results in an expectation of PML(N)'s win.[97]
Upon news of the results, the
On the day of the elections, the benchmark
International
- Supranational bodies
- European Union – High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Catherine Ashton called the election an "historic victory" for democracy in the country. "I wish to congratulate the people of Pakistan. The 2013 general election marks a historic victory for the democratic life on their country. Despite an extremely difficult security environment and threats from extremists, voters turned out in unprecedented numbers with many Pakistani citizens voting for the first time. All the main stakeholders, in particular the political parties and state institutions, acted in a responsible manner, demonstrating their support for democracy and the holding of the elections."[101]
- United Nations – Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon congratulated the government and people of Pakistan on the successful conduction of national and provincial elections, hailing the polls, for which millions of voters turned out, as a major democratic step. "This is the first ever transition from one civilian government to another and a significant step forward for democracy in the country. By exercising their constitutional right to vote, the people of Pakistan have reaffirmed their desire for and commitment to a democratic Pakistan and their respect for the constitution of the country."[102]
- States
- President Hamid Karzai telephoned PML (N) leader Nawaz Sharif and congratulated him on his party triumph in the general elections. The Afghan President also expressed well wishes for Nawaz Sharif and his party.[103]Karzai said that he was optimistic that ties between two brotherly countries would be friendly after Nawaz take charge of Premier office. Nawaz vowed that Pakistan would take every step to improve its relationship with all neighbours especially with Afghanistan.
- China – President Xi Jinping and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs congratulated Nawaz Sharif. Spokesman Hong Lei said the Chinese government were happy to see steady and smooth elections in Pakistan. "As China's all-weather friend, China will continue to support Pakistan's efforts to maintain stability and achieve development. Sino-Pakistani friendly and cooperative relations will enter into a new high with the efforts by the two sides."[76]
- India – Prime Minister Manmohan Singh congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his "emphatic victory" in the historic elections and said he hoped for better relations. Singh wrote on his official Twitter account: "Congratulations to Mr. Nawaz Sharif and his party for their emphatic victory in Pakistan's elections". He said he hoped to work with Sharif to chart "a new course for the relationship" between the nuclear-armed neighbours and invited him to "visit India at a mutually convenient time."[104]
- Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah congratulated Nawaz Sharif for his party's performance and hoped that he would live up to his commitment to restart the peace process with India.[105]
- The opposition BJP congratulated Mr. Nawaz Sharif on his historic electoral victory[106]
- Saudi Arabia – The royal family greeted Nawaz Sharif on his thumping victory in the elections. Sources said that Saudi personalities congratulating Nawaz Sharif have expressed their well wishes for him.[107]
- Sri Lanka – President Mahinda Rajapaksa telephoned Nawaz Sharif and congratulated him on his victory in historic election.[108]
- Iran and Pakistan and hoped for further expansion of bilateral relations between the two neighbouring countries.[109]
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan made separate phone calls to Nawaz Sharif and felicitated him on his victory.[110]
- Sheikh Khalifa congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his victory in the elections.[111]
- United Kingdom – Prime Minister David Cameron congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his resounding election victory and praised his commitment to economic reforms. Cameron spoke to Sharif on the telephone and they agreed to work to reinforce the "strong bond" between their two countries. They also pledged their commitment to the trilateral process, the three-way talks between Britain, Pakistan and Afghanistan aimed at finding peace in Afghanistan, where Britain is starting to reduce its 9,000-strong troop presence. The Prime Minister and Nawaz Sharif agreed that the strong bond between the UK and Pakistan was a huge asset and that they would work together to strengthen the relationship further. Cameron welcomed Nawaz Sharif's commitment to prioritise economic reforms. The two leaders also agreed on their shared commitment to the trilateral process and its importance in achieving peace in Afghanistan and the wider region.[112]
- United States – President Barack Obama praised Pakistanis for upholding their commitment to democratic rule by successfully completing the elections. Obama hailed "this historic peaceful and transparent transfer of civilian power." He said Pakistanis ran competitive campaigns and persevered despite "intimidation by violent extremists."[113] Three days later, Obama called Sharif over the phone and again congratulated him on his party's election victory. "The US president said his country respects the mandate given to Nawaz Sharif in the elections." US Secretary of State John Kerry called Sharif on the phone to congratulate him on his strong showing in Saturday's elections. Kerry also told Sharif that he looks forward to working with the government as the government is formed in Pakistan. Kerry is hoping to visit Pakistan soon, once the new government is in place.[114]
Controversies
Incidents of malpractice and rigging
- The winning candidate on PS-114, in Sindh of the ruling PML-N was disqualified and re-election ordered after it emerged that a large number of votes were invalid[115]
- The winning candidate on PP-97 Gujranwala, from the ruling PML-N, was disqualified and fresh elections were ordered after it emerged that serious rigging had taken place on the seat[116]
- The Chief Election Commissioner conceded that the Election Commission had failed to conduct free and fair elections in Karachi, Pakistan's largest city of 20 million and its main economic hub.[117]
- The Chief election Commissioner resigned, citing extreme judicial interference preventing the investigation of voter irregularities.[118][119]
- The Election Commission admitted that it had no control of the Returning officers, the persons responsible for overseeing the election at individual polling stations.[120]
- The PTI demanded the thumb verification be held in four constituencies – to check if the votes were genuine or bogus. The PMLN refused, ostensibly due to cost, despite the fact that the PTI offered to pay[121]
- A candidate for PTI paid ₨.5 million to have his votes verified. The election commission then confirmed that 265 bags of votes were bogus and only 69 were genuine.[122]The PTI candidate was defeated by the PML-N candidate.
- A candidate of JUI-F was disqualified after it was learned that there had been rigging on 28 different women's polling stations.[123]
- A PTI candidate disqualified PS-93 seat in Karachi to JI and re-election was ordered.
- In the NADRA found that more than 20% of all votes cast were not verifiable[125]
- In the NADRA found that more than 33% of the votes cast could not be verified. More than 4000 votes were cast with incorrect/incomplete CNIC numbers.[126]This constituency had been won by Malik Riaz.
- In the Pakistan Muslim League-N.[127]
- In the Provincial Assembly Constituency PP-107 (Hafizabad-III)the election tribunal found evidence of "massive" and "organized" rigging.The extracts of the report, focusing on PP-107, Hafizabad-III, stated that "the result of the election favourable to the returned candidate is not the will of the electors of the constituency in the true sense at all". Tribunal judge Kazim Ali Malik states, "The election does not reflect the true will of the people."
"I am fully justified on the basis of documentary evidence to set aside the election of the returned candidate, which does not reflect the true will of the people," Malik states in the report. "I therefore discard the available record as well as the election record, which has been misappropriated or stolen. I declare the election of the returned candidates from PP-107, Hafizabad-III as a whole to be void." In PP-107, Hafizabad-III, 21,298 fake and bogus votes were counted as valid votes towards the vote account of the candidates. The number of used counterfoils found in election bags by the commission was 54,242, while the total number of polled votes in a statement by the Returning Officer (RO) was recorded as 72,895.[128]
- In the Provincial Assembly Constituency PP-97 (Gujranwala-VII) the election tribunal declared null and void the voting results in PP-97 and ordered re-election on 33 polling stations in the Punjab Assembly constituency won by ruling Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz's candidate.[129]
Incidents of improper investigations
- The PML-N has been accused of hindering the bureaucracy's ability to carry out Free and fair elections, NADRA was fired by Nawaz Sharif after he announced that NADRA had the technology to verify votes through thumbprint verification. The Islamabad High Court had him restored to his position,[130] after which Tariq Malik resigned alleging that he had been threatened with kidnapping of him and his family by those who did not want the election process verified.[131]
- After Tariq Malik's sacking. It emerged that someone had broken into NADRA's office and tampered with the ballot boxes of seat NA-118 (Lahore) which was at the centre of the rigging allegations. The boxes had been moved to NADRA so that the votes could be thumb verified, as demanded by the PTI, but had instead been tampered with. This has led to accusations by the opposition that the civil service is either under extreme pressure or incompetent in adjudicating disputes but no proof was given[130]
Incidents of incompetence
- The election commission confirmed that there was a "typing error" on NA-68. PM Nawaz Sharif's winning seat, it emerged that the PM had received only 779 votes rather than 7879 as originally recorded. This has led to accusations of incompetence which has compromised the fairness of the elections[132][133]
- They announced this a whole year after the PTI, led by Imran Khan demanded an investigation, which has led to accusations of critical inefficiency at the ECP.
Analysis
Aftermath
On 17 May 2013, the
Government formation
The
A total of nineteenth
Election for Prime Minister
The election for Prime Minister took place on 5 June 2013.[137]
←2012 | 5 June 2013 | 2017→ | |
---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Party | Votes Obtained | |
Required majority → | 172 out of 342 | ||
Nawaz Sharif | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | 244 | |
Ameen Faheem | Pakistan Peoples Party
|
42 | |
Javed Hashmi | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | 31 | |
Abstentions
|
<25 |
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- ^ a b c "Imran Khan's party wins Karachi revote". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
- ^ "Nawaz Sharif poised to return as Pakistan PM – Central & South Asia". Al Jazeera English. 4 October 2011. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
- ^ "Deaths in US drone attack in Pakistan". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
- ^ "Live from Parliament: Nawaz elected PM with 244 votes". Dawn News. 5 June 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
External links
- Pakistan: Putting Democracy to the Test Archived 21 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Al Jazeera episode of Inside Story