Battle of Korsuń

Coordinates: 49°26′10″N 31°10′13″E / 49.4361°N 31.1703°E / 49.4361; 31.1703
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the battle in 1944, see Battle of Korsun–Cherkassy.
Battle of Korsuń
Part of the Khmelnytsky Uprising

Meeting of Bohdan Khmelnytsky with Tugay Bey in Korsuń. Painting by Juliusz Kossak in 1885
Date25–26 May 1648
Location
Korsuń, Kyiv Voivodeship, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Result Cossack–Tatar victory
Belligerents
border=no Zaporozhian Host
Crimean Khanate		 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Commanders and leaders
border=no Bohdan Khmelnytsky
border=no Mykhailo Krychevsky (POW)
border=no Ivan Bohun
border=no Maksym Kryvonis
border=no Martyn Pushkar
border=no Matviy Hladky
border=no Mykhailo Hromyka
Tugay Bey		 Mikołaj Potocki (POW)
Marcin Kalinowski (POW)
Strength
border=no 15,000 Zaporozhian Cossacks[1]
3,000 Crimean Tatars[1]		 4,000[2]
Casualties and losses
Light 500 killed, 95% of the Army taken prisoner[3]

The Battle of Korsuń (Ukrainian: Битва під Корсунем, Корсунська битва, Polish: Bitwa pod Korsuniem, Korsuńska bitwa; 25–26 May 1648) was the second significant battle of the Khmelnytsky Uprising. Near the site of the present-day city of Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi in Ukraine, a forces of the Zaporozhian Host and Crimean Khanate under the command of Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Colonels Mykhailo Krychevsky, Ivan Bohun, Maksym Kryvonis, Martyn Pushkar, Matviy Hladky and Mykhailo Hromyka with Tugay Bey attacked and defeated the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth’s forces under the command of Hetmans Mikołaj Potocki and Marcin Kalinowski, both of them was captured in the battle by the Zaporozhian Cossacks and Crimean Tatars. As in the Battle of Zhovti Vody in 29 April — 16 May, 1648 the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth’s forces took a defensive position, retreated and were thoroughly routed and destroyed by the forces of the Zaporozhian Host and Crimean Khanate.

Background

On 16 May 1648,

Stefan Potocki at the Battle of Zhovti Vody. Stefan's father, Grand Crown Hetman Mikołaj Potocki, was unable to send reinforcements in time to relieve him; however, with the number of defections from the force that was sent to fight Khmelnytsky (over 5,000 registered Cossacks switched their allegiance), it is doubtful that the reinforcements could have helped defeat the combined Cossack and Tatar army of 18,000. From his fortified position beyond Chyhyryn, fifteen miles from Zhovti Vody, Mikołaj Potocki signaled a retreat on 13 May to the north. Near Cherkasy, the lone survivor from the battle at Zhovti Vody reached Potocki on 19 May with news of the disastrous defeat. Two days later, in 21 May, Potocki had only made it as far as the present-day city of Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi when he decided to wait for Jeremi Wiśniowiecki's
army of 6,000 Poles.

With combined forces of about 5,000 men,

corral formation
the next day.

Battle

The retreat started at dawn, during which the

Polkovnyk (Colonel) Maksym Kryvonis (aka "Crooked-nose" or Perebyinis) to prepare a trap in this "swampy valley between two precipices", including trenches and a barricaded road. The resulting chaos as the Commonwealth's forces entered an impenetrable valley allowed Khmelnytsky's forces to flank them from both sides, quickly slaughtering whole divisions. Only about 1,500 of the Commonwealth’s forces (under a Colonel Korycki) managed to escape. Both Hetmans were taken prisoner
, and the rest of the army was either captured or killed.

Aftermath

The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was left without a military commanders,[4] and Bohdan Khmelnytsky continued his uprising, marshaling his forces towards Bila Tserkva.[5]: 410 

References

  1. ^ a b Mykhailo Hrushevsky, “History of Ukraine-Rus”
  2. ^ Przegląd historyczno-wojskowy (in Polish). Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej. 2015. p. 59.
  3. ^ Romański, Romuald (2008). Największe błędy w wojnach polskich (in Polish). Bellona. p. 50.
  4. ^ (in Ukrainian)Terletskyi, Omelian: "History of the Ukrainian Nation, Volume II: The Cossack Cause", page 76. 1924.
  5. ISBN 1895571324

External links

49°26′10″N 31°10′13″E / 49.4361°N 31.1703°E / 49.4361; 31.1703

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