Cross City Air Force Station
Cross City Air Force Station Cross City Army Airfield Air Defense Command, later Aerospace Defense Command | |
---|---|
Dixie County, near Cross City, Florida | |
Coordinates | 29°38′4.60″N 83°05′55.89″W / 29.6346111°N 83.0988583°W. |
Type | Long Range Radar Site |
Code | ADC ID: TM-200, NORAD ID: Z-200 |
Site information | |
Controlled by | United States Air Force |
Open to the public | Yes |
Site history | |
Built | 1942 |
Built by | U.S. Air Force |
In use | 1942-1970 |
Garrison information | |
Garrison | Cross City, Florida |
Cross City Air Force Station is a former United States Air Force facility, located 1.6 miles (2.6 km) east of Cross City, Florida.
Overview
Originally a small civil airport, during
Closed after the war and returned to civil control, in 1958 the
History
World War II
The airport was opened as a public airport in April 1940. In August 1942, the facility was requisitioned by the United States Army Air Forces, and construction began to convert the Civil Aeronautics Administration airport in Cross City to a dive bomber military training airfield. The construction included the addition of and improvements to buildings, taxiways, roads, and hard stands. Historical documents list three ranges at the Cross City AAF: a shoot-in-butt, a rifle range, and a skeet range.
Known as Cross City Army Airfield, it was used as part of the Army Air Forces Center (AAF Center)'s combat simulation school in Central and Northern Florida and as a unit training center by Third Air Force.
Army Air Forces School of Applied Tactics / Army Air Forces Tactical Center
Activated on 27 October 1942 as part of the
The 50th assigned the
In support of the training mission, the Horseshoe Point Auxiliary Airfield (29°28′19″N 083°18′18″W / 29.47194°N 83.30500°W) was constructed and used by the school as an auxiliary and emergency landing airfield. No personnel were permanently assigned to Horseshoe Point.
Third Air Force
The AAFTC training mission ended in late June 1944, when Cross City was officially reassigned to
A different mission of sorts was ordered by III Fighter Command, the training of Air Commando fighter units for the
Closure
With the Air Commando units moving out at the end of 1944, the flying mission wound down at Cross City AAF and it was used as an auxiliary airfield of the
In January 1945, Third Air Force sent down orders to close the facility, and it was placed on inactive status on 1 February 1945. Jurisdiction of the airfield was transferred to
World War II units assigned
Army Air Forces School of Applied Tactics / Army Air Forces Tactical Center
- P-39 Airacobra)
- P-47 Thunderbolt)
Third Air Force
- P-51 Mustang)
- 2d Fighter Squadron (Commando), 9–21 June 1944 (P-51 Mustang)
- 127th Liaison Squadron (Commando), 21 June-17 August 1944
- 155th Liaison Squadron (Commando), 21 June-17 August 1944
- 156th Liaison Squadron (Commando), 21 June-17 August 1944
- 157th Liaison Squadron (Commando), 19 August-6 October 1944
- 159th Liaison Squadron (Commando), 19 August-6 October 1944
- 160th Liaison Squadron (Commando), 19 August-6 October 1944
Air Defense Command / Aerospace Defense Command
In 1958, the United States Air Force exercised a reversal clause option for a portion of the former Cross City AAF under the post-World War II WAA action that transferred the former military airfield back to the city as a civilian airport. As a USAF installation, the new facility would not have a flying mission, but would be an air defense radar site under the operational control of the
New military construction (MILCON) ensued, to include concrete structures for barracks, dining facilities, operations, administration, maintenance, and backup electrical power, as well as metal and masonry structures for radar antennas and associated systems. The 691st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron (691 AC&WS) moved from
During 1959, Cross City AFS joined the
In 1962, the search radar was upgraded to an
In addition to the main facility, Cross City AFS also operated two
- Perry, Florida (TM-200A): 30°04′42″N 083°34′47″W / 30.07833°N 83.57972°W
- Bridgeboro, Georgia (TM-200B/TM-199B): 31°25′28″N 083°57′12″W / 31.42444°N 83.95333°W
On 1 April 1966, the
The Air Force inactivated the 691st Radar Squadron on 30 September 1970[8] and closed the facility.[9]
Today what was Cross City Air Force Station is now the Florida Department of Corrections' Cross City Correctional Institution. Access by the general public is not permitted. Many former Air Force buildings are now utilized by the prison while the radar site is still used as part of the Joint Surveillance System (JSS).
Post-War Air Force units and assignments
Units:
- 691st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron, assigned 1 July 1958
- Activated 1 March 1958 at Dobbins AFB, Georgia (not equipped or manned)
- Redesignated 691st Radar Squadron (SAGE), 1 October 1959
- Inactivated 30 September 1970
Assignments:
- 35th Air Division, 1 December 1957
- 32d Air Division, 15 November 1958
- Montgomery Air Defense Sector, 1 November 1959
- 32d Air Division, 1 April 1966
- 20th Air Division, 19 November 1969 – 30 September 1970
See also
- Florida World War II Army Airfields
- Army Air Force School of Applied Tactics
- List of USAF Aerospace Defense Command General Surveillance Radar Stations
References
- ^ Maurer, Maurer. (ed.), Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, Office of Air Force History, Washington, DC, 1969 (reprint 1982), p.369
- ^ Id., p.285
- ^ USAFHRA Document 00171241
- ^ USAFHRA Document 00117882
- ^ USAFHRA Document 00171240
- ^ Cornett, Lloyd H. and Johnson, Mildred W., A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization 1946 - 1980, Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center, Peterson AFB, CO (1980), p.161
- ^ Id.
- ^ Id.
- ^ USAFHRA Document 00463594
- This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Cornett, Lloyd H. and Johnson, Mildred W., A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization 1946 - 1980 Archived 2006-11-23 at the Wayback Machine, Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center, Peterson AFB, CO (1980).
- Maurer, Maurer. (ed.), Combat Squadrons of the Air Force Office of Air Force History, Washington, DC, 1969 (reprint 1982) ISBN 0-405-12194-6.
- Maurer, Maurer (ed.), Air Force Combat Units of World War II, Office of Air Force History, Washington, DC, 1961 (reprint 1983) ISBN 0-912799-02-1.
- Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings Lineage and Honors Histories 1947–1977. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9.
- Shaw, Frederick J. (2004), Locating Air Force Base Sites History's Legacy, Air Force History and Museums Program, United States Air Force, Washington, D.C., 2004.
- Winkler, David F. & Webster, Julie L., Searching the Skies[dead link], The Legacy of the United States Cold War Defense Radar Program, US Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, Champaign, IL (1997).
- Information for Cross City AFS, FL
External links
- Resources for this airport:
- FAA airport information for CTY
- AirNav airport information for CTY
- FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
- SkyVector aeronautical chart for CTY