Kilburn, London
Kilburn | |
---|---|
Carlton Vale and The Shamrock public house | |
Location within Greater London | |
Population | 29,027 (2011 Census Brent and Camden Wards)[1] [2] |
OS grid reference | TQ245835 |
London borough | |
Ceremonial county | Greater London |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | LONDON |
Postcode district | NW6 |
Dialling code | 020 |
Police | Metropolitan |
Fire | London |
Ambulance | London |
UK Parliament | |
London Assembly | |
Kilburn is a locality on the boundary of three London Boroughs: Camden, Brent and the City of Westminster. Kilburn High Road railway station lies 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north-west of Charing Cross.
Kilburn developed from a linear hamlet that grew up on ancient Watling Street (the modern A5 Road), the hamlet took its name from Kilburn Priory, which was built on the banks of Kilburn Brook. Watling Street forms the contemporary boundary between the boroughs of Brent and Camden.
The area has London's highest
Geographic and administrative context
Kilburn has never been an administrative unit and has therefore never had any formally defined boundaries. The area, which took its name from a nearby watercourse and eponymous priory, developed from a linear hamlet along Watling Street (here called Kilburn High Road) which was the boundary of the
If Kilburn is taken to extend into the City of Westminster then the historic districts it overlaps are Paddington, to the west of Watling Street, and Marylebone to the east of it. Both of these areas became part of the City of Westminster in 1965. The electoral wards of 'Kilburn (Camden)' and 'Kilburn (Brent)' cover some of the area. Much of the area is in the NW6 postcode area, and by some interpretations the area extends into W9; however these do not define the Kilburn – post code areas were never intended to delineate districts and Kilburn (like many London districts) overlaps with others – some which have a history of formal definition (e.g. Willesden, Hampstead) and others which do not (e.g. Brondesbury in Willesden).
History
Kilburn High Road originated as an
Kilburn Priory was built on the banks of a stream variously recorded as Cuneburna, Kelebourne and Cyebourne (in the latter source most other places with the phonetic sound
The name "Kilburn" was first recorded in 1134 as Cuneburna, referring to the priory which had been built on the site of the cell of a hermit known as Godwyn.[6] Godwyn had built his hermitage by the Kilburn river during the reign (1100-1135) of Henry I, and both his hermitage and the priory took their name from the river.[7]
The fashion for taking "medicinal waters" in the 18th century came to Kilburn when a well of chalybeate waters (water impregnated with iron) was discovered near the Bell Inn in 1714. In an attempt to compete with the nearby Hampstead Well, gardens and a "great room" opened to promote the well, and its waters were promoted in journals of the day as cure for "stomach ailments":[7]
Kilburn Wells, near Paddington.—The waters are now in the utmost perfection; the gardens enlarged and greatly improved; the house and offices re-painted and beautified in the most elegant manner. The whole is now open for the reception of the public, the great room being particularly adapted to the use and amusement of the politest companies. Fit either for music, dancing, or entertainments. This happy spot is equally celebrated for its rural situation, extensive prospects, and the acknowledged efficacy of its waters; is most delightfully situated on the site of the once famous Abbey of Kilburn, on the Edgware Road, at an easy distance, being but a morning's walk, from the metropolis, two miles from Oxford Street; the footway from the Mary-bone across the fields still nearer. A plentiful larder is always provided, together with the best of wines and other liquors. Breakfasting and hot loaves. A printed account of the waters, as drawn up by an eminent physician, is given gratis at the Wells.
— The Public Advertiser, July 17, 1773[10]
In the 19th century the wells declined, but the Kilburn Wells remained popular as a tea garden. The Bell was demolished and rebuilt in 1863, the building which stands there today.[clarification needed] The Kilburn stretch of Watling Street, now called Edgware Road and Kilburn High Road, was gradually built up with inns and farm houses. Despite the discovery of the medicinal well in 1714, and the construction of gardens and a fine room to exploit the water, Kilburn did not attract any significant building until around 1819 in the area near St John's Wood.[7] These 19th century developments mark the emergence of the nucleated roadside hamlet from which the modern district of Kilburn developed.
Between 1839 and 1856 the newsagent and future First Lord of the Admiralty William Henry Smith lived in a house to the west of Kilburn High Road. Solomon Barnett developed much of the area in the last decades of the 19th century, naming many of the streets after places in the West Country (e.g. Torbay) or after popular poets of the day (e.g. Tennyson) in honour of his wife.[citation needed]
The funeral of
Demographics
Kilburn has a number of different ethnic groups, including people of
4.7% of the population was born in
The Kilburn ward of Brent was 28% White British, 17% White Other, and 12% Black African in the 2011 census.[22] The Kilburn ward of Camden was 35% White British and 19% White Other.[23] The Maida Vale ward of Westminster was 38% White British and 22% White Other.[24]
Housing and inequality
Kilburn has a high degree of socio-economic inequality, as it is home to both large and expensive Victorian houses as well as deprived, often run-down council housing estates.[citation needed]
Landmarks
Kilburn High Road
Kilburn High Road is the main road in Kilburn. It follows a part of the line of the Roman route, Iter III in the Antonine Itinerary, which later took the Anglo-Saxon name Watling Street. This was based on an earlier Celtic route from Verlamion to Durovernum Cantiacorum, modern day St Albans and Canterbury.
Running roughly north-west to south-east, it forms the boundary between the London boroughs of Camden to the east and Brent to the west. It is the section of the Edgware Road (itself part of the A5) between Shoot Up Hill and Maida Vale.
There are two railway stations on Kilburn High Road:
The green space of Kilburn Grange Park is located to the east side of Kilburn High Road.
The name of Ian Dury's first band, Kilburn and the High Roads, refers to this road, as does the Flogging Molly song, "Kilburn High Road" and the Shack song, "Kilburn High Road".
Gaumont State Cinema
A landmark in Kilburn High Road is the
The Kiln Theatre
The Kiln Theatre is located on Kilburn High Road north of Buckley Road. It was opened in 1980 as the
Other buildings
To the south, the Kilburn skyline is dominated by the
Located at 10 Cambridge Avenue, just off Kilburn High Road, is "The Animals WW1 memorial dispensary". The building itself dates back to the early 1930s. Formally opened in March 1931, it treated over 6,000 animals in its first year. The front of the building has a large bronze plaque above the door as a memorial to animals killed in the first world war. It's an impressive piece of bronze sculpture by F Brook Hitch of Hertford. Next door at 12-14 Cambridge Avenue, is one of the only surviving London examples of a "Tin Tabernacle" from 1863, which is currently used by a local arts charity. This very unusual building, originally built as St. James' Episcopal Chapel, is Grade II listed and is open to the public on Saturdays.[30]
Just to the south of St. Augustine's on
205 High Road was home to the Irish pub Biddy Mulligan's. It was built in 1862 as was originally known as The Victoria Tavern. It was renamed in the 1970s, with the name Biddy Mulligan taken from a character of Irish comedian
Transport
Tube/train
Kilburn High Road is served by several railway lines which traverse the road in an east–west direction, connecting the area with central London and outer north-west London suburbs. The railways were first introduced to Kilburn in 1852 when the
- Kilburn Park station (London Underground - Bakerloo line)- Central Kilburn
- Brondesbury station (London Overground - North London line)- North Kilburn
- Kilburn High Road station (London Overground - Watford DC line)- Central Kilburn
Despite its name, Kilburn tube station is actually in Brondesbury Park[36] rather than in Kilburn itself.
Bus
Kilburn is served by many bus routes that go along the High Road. Most routes come south from Cricklewood, and serve various points in central and west London.[37]
Media
The Brent & Kilburn Times and the Camden New Journal provide local news in print and online forms. In the 2017 film, The Only Living Boy in New York, Kate Beckinsale's character, Mimi, explains that she moved from Belsize Park to Kilburn because it felt more real.
Sport
Kilburn is home to Kilburn Cosmos RFC[38]
- Combined Counties League
- Kilburn is home to Kilburn Gaels GAA Hurling Club.
- Kilburn Football Club play in the Middlesex County League, and hold regular training sessions in Grange Park.
- One of the 12 founder members of the Football Association was formed in Kilburn in 1863. It was referred to as the N.N. Club or N.N. Kilburn, "N.N." being thought to stand for "Non Name". It supplied the first president of the Football Association.
London Plan
The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.[39]
Notable residents
Notable people who live or have lived in Kilburn include:
- Oni Akerele
- Lily Allen, singer
- Gerry Anderson
- Roderick Bradley
- Todd Carty
- Edwyn Collins
- Jack Dromey[40]
- Brian Eno
- Zuhair Hassan, rapper
- Thomas Hodge
- Thandiwe Newton
- Jason Isaacs
- Annie Mac
- Doreen Massey
- A. A. Milne
- George Orwell
- China Miéville[41]
- David Mitchell, comedian
- Kate Moss
- Cillian Murphy
- Richard Pacquette, footballer
- Daisy Ridley
- Gavin Rossdale
- Andrew Sachs, actor[42]
- Zadie Smith
- Tommy Sparks
- Josiah Stamp, 1st Baron Stamp
- Billy Strachan, Civil rights leader
- Charles "Chucky" Venn
- Louis Wain[43]
- Jamie Waylett, actor
- Robert Webb, actor
- David Winner, author
- Bradley Wiggins, cyclist
- Fredo, rapper
- Canfers Brian, boxer
References
- ^ "Brent Ward population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
- ^ "Camden Ward population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
- ISSN 2055-7035.
- ^ "The Virtual Tour of Kilburn". Archived from the original on 21 March 2007. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ See London sewerage system
- ^ Edward Wedlake Brayley (1834). The Graphic and Historical Illustrator: An Original Miscellany of Literary, Antiquarian and Topographical Information (JPG, PDF). J. Chidley. p. 336. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
cuneburna.
- ^ a b c d T.F.T. Baker; Diane K. Bolton; Patricia E.C. Croot (1989). C.R. Elrington (ed.). "Kilburn, Edgware Road and Cricklewood". A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 9 (sourced from British History Online). Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ "Kilburn". Brent Heritage. 2002. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^
Mills, A. D. (2001). A Dictionary of London Place-Names (2 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press (published 2010). p. 1. medieval prioryat Kilburn to which it led. Chiefly famous of course as the name of the 1969 Beatles album recorded here at the EMI studios!
- ^ "Kilburn and St John's Wood". British History Online. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- Aengus O Snodaigh. "Take me home to Mayo – 25th anniversary of Michael Gaughan's death". An Phoblacht. Retrieved 13 June 2007.
- ^ "work of Raymond Jackson". British Cartoon Archive. Archived from the original on 24 October 2007. Retrieved 13 June 2007.
- ^ "Kilburn Funeral". British Cartoon Archive. Retrieved 13 June 2007.
- ^ a b "An IRA funeral march and the bomb at Biddy Mulligan's Pub". Kilburnandwillesdenhistory.blogspot.co.uk. 8 August 2015. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
- ^ a b [1] [permanent dead link]
- ^ Brent Council (2001). "Kilburn Ward 2001 census". Archived from the original on 8 February 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ Camden Council (2001). "Kilburn Ward 2001 census". Archived from the original on 9 February 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ UK Office for National Statistics. "Kilburn Population". City Population. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
- ^ "In the Green Fields of Kilburn: Reflections on a Quantitative Study of Irish Migrants in North London" (PDF). Anthropology Matters Journal. February 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ "Kilburn Gaels Hurling Club". Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ Ferriter, Diarmuid. "Paddies' pain". Irish Examiner. Archived from the original on 8 February 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ Services, Good Stuff IT. "Kilburn - UK Census Data 2011". UK Census Data. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
- ^ Services, Good Stuff IT. "Kilburn - UK Census Data 2011". UK Census Data. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
- ^ Services, Good Stuff IT. "Maida Vale - UK Census Data 2011". UK Census Data. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
- ^ "About". www.ruachcitychurch.org. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
- ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
- ^ Iqbal, Nosheen (11 April 2018). "Kilburn's Tricycle relaunches as Kiln theatre with Zadie Smith's White Teeth". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
- ^ "Our Impact". Kiln Theatre. 2018. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
- ^ "Saint Augustine's Kilburn". staugustinekilburn.org. Archived from the original on 24 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
- ^ "Tin Tabernacle Kilburn". Tin Tabernacle. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
- ^ "Bulldozers level historic pub after being denied planning permission". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
- ^ "Rising from the rubble: London pub rebuilt brick by brick after illegal bulldozing". the Guardian. 21 March 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
- ISBN 1-85414-293-3.
- ^ "Kilburn station". TfL. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
- ^ "Kilburn High Road". National Rail. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
- ^ Services, Good Stuff IT. "Brondesbury Park - UK Census Data 2011". UK Census Data. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
- ^ Transport for London (2012). "Buses from Kilburn High Road" (PDF). Bus route map. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
- ^ "Kilburn Cosmos RFC". Kilburn Cosmos RFC. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
- ^ Mayor of London (February 2008). "London Plan (Consolidated with Alterations since 2004)" (PDF). Greater London Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 June 2010.
- ^ "Jack Dromey for Erdington". Archived from the original on 11 July 2015. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ "3am Interview: THE ROAD TO PERDIDO: AN INTERVIEW WITH CHINA MIEVILLE". 3ammagazine.com. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
- ^ Osley, Richard (30 October 2008). "Make a meal of it! Fawlty Towers actor in BBC Radio 2 row opens brand new hospital restaurant". Camden New Journal. New Journal Enterprises. Retrieved 14 December 2008.
- ^ "A celebration of Louis Wain's Cats at Brent Museum". Blog.wellcomelibrary.org. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
External links
- Tourist information Archived 16 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- History of Kilburn's Theatres