Madison County, New York
Madison County | |
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County | |
UTC−4 (EDT) | |
Congressional district | 22nd |
Website | www |
Madison County is a
Madison County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.
History
English colonists established counties in eastern present-day New York State in 1683; at the time, the territory of the present Madison County was considered part of
On March 12, 1772, what was left of Albany County was split into three parts, one remaining under the name Albany County. One of the other pieces, Tryon County, contained the western portion (and thus, since no western boundary was specified, theoretically still extended west to the Pacific). The eastern boundary of Tryon County was approximately five miles west of the present city of Schenectady, and the county included the western part of the Adirondack Mountains and the area west of the West Branch of the Delaware River. The area then designated as Tryon County includes 37 current counties of New York State. The county was named for William Tryon, the colonial governor of New York.
In the years prior to the outbreak of revolution in 1776, tensions rose in the frontier areas upstate and most of the Loyalists in Tryon County fled to Canada. In 1784, following the peace treaty that ended the American Revolutionary War, New York changed the name of Tryon County to Montgomery County, in honor of the general, Richard Montgomery, who had captured several places in Canada and died attempting to capture the city of Quebec.
As allies of the Patriots, the Oneida Indian Nation was allocated land by the United States in the postwar settlement for a reservation near Oneida Lake, in their traditional homeland. In the postwar treaty, the four Iroquois nations who had been allies of the British were forced to cede their lands; most of their peoples had already migrated to Canada to escape the worst of the fighting on the frontier after Sullivan's Raid. This expedition through Indian country had destroyed dwellings, crops and winter stores; many Iroquois who did not migrate died of starvation that winter.
But settlers were hungry for land, and in 1788 Governor Clinton's representatives persuaded the Oneida to cede some of their territory to the state for sale to European-American settlers. This was called the "Clinton Purchase", after Governor George Clinton. The land comprised the southern portion of the Oneida reservation. It has also been called the Twenty Townships, as these were the number organized after New York controlled the land.
As this sale was never ratified by the
In 1789, Montgomery County was reduced in size by the splitting off of Ontario County. This was later divided to form the present Allegany, Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, Erie, Genesee, Livingston, Monroe, Niagara, Orleans, Steuben, Wyoming, Yates, and part of Schuyler and Wayne counties.
In 1791, Herkimer and Tioga counties were two of three counties split off from Montgomery County (the other being Otsego County).
Chenango County was formed in 1798 from parts of Tioga and Herkimer counties. Finally, Madison County was created from Chenango County in 1806.
About 1802, the Oneida agreed to allocate about 22,000 acres of their land to the
In the late twentieth century, the three recognized Oneida tribes: of Wisconsin, New York, and the Thames reserve in Canada, filed suit in a land claim against New York for its treaty and forced purchase of their ancestral lands after the American Revolutionary War, seeking the return of thousands of acres. The Supreme Court of the United States has ruled the purchase was unconstitutional, as New York did not have the treaty ratified by the United States Senate, and had no authority under the U.S. Constitution to deal directly with the Oneida, a right reserved to the federal government. In 2010 the state offered the Oneida Tribe of Wisconsin more than 300 acres in Sullivan County in the Catskill Mountains, with permission to construct a gambling casino, and two acres in Madison County, to settle their part of the suit. Several private and public interests oppose the deal, including other federally recognized tribes in New York.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 661 square miles (1,710 km2), of which 655 square miles (1,700 km2) is land and 6.4 square miles (17 km2) (1.0%) is water.[6]
Madison County is located in central New York State, just east of Syracuse, north of Binghamton, and slightly north of due west from Albany. Madison County contains the geographic center of the state at Pratts Hollow in the Town of Eaton.
Adjacent counties and areas
Chenango County is across the southern border. Onondaga and Cortland counties form the western border, with Onondaga serving as Madison County's longest and most prominent border. Otsego County forms a short boundary in the southeastern corner of Madison County. Oneida County shares a northeastern border with Madison County. Oneida Lake is the northern border with part of Oswego County on the opposite shore.
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1810 | 25,144 | — | |
1820 | 32,208 | 28.1% | |
1830 | 39,038 | 21.2% | |
1840 | 40,008 | 2.5% | |
1850 | 43,072 | 7.7% | |
1860 | 43,545 | 1.1% | |
1870 | 43,522 | −0.1% | |
1880 | 44,112 | 1.4% | |
1890 | 42,892 | −2.8% | |
1900 | 40,545 | −5.5% | |
1910 | 39,289 | −3.1% | |
1920 | 39,535 | 0.6% | |
1930 | 39,790 | 0.6% | |
1940 | 39,598 | −0.5% | |
1950 | 46,214 | 16.7% | |
1960 | 54,635 | 18.2% | |
1970 | 62,864 | 15.1% | |
1980 | 65,150 | 3.6% | |
1990 | 69,120 | 6.1% | |
2000 | 69,441 | 0.5% | |
2010 | 73,442 | 5.8% | |
2020 | 68,016 | −7.4% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[8] 1790–1960[9] 1900–1990[10] 1990–2000[11] 2010–2013[2] |
As of the
as their first language.There were 25,368 households, out of which 33.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.10% were married couples living together, 9.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.70% were non-families. Of all households 24.50% were made up of individuals, and 10.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.04.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.90% under the age of 18, 12.00% from 18 to 24, 27.60% from 25 to 44, 23.00% from 45 to 64, and 12.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 96.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.80 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $40,184, and the median income for a family was $47,889. Males had a median income of $33,069 versus $25,026 for females. The
Much of Madison County is rural. However, the communities along
2020 Census
Race | Num. | Perc. |
---|---|---|
White (NH)
|
60,965 | 89.63% |
Black or African American (NH)
|
1071 | 1.6% |
Native American (NH)
|
435 | 0.64% |
Asian (NH)
|
664 | 1.0% |
Pacific Islander (NH)
|
11 | 0.01% |
Other/Mixed (NH)
|
3,197 | 4.7% |
Latino
|
1,673 | 2.5% |
Education
School districts
- Brookfield Central School District
- Canastota Central School District
- Cazenovia Central School District
- Chittenango Central School District
- DeRuyter Central School
- Hamilton Central School District
- Madison Central School District
- Morrisville-Eaton Central School District
- Oneida City School District
- Stockbridge Valley Central School District
- Otselic Valley Central School
Colleges and universities
- Cazenovia College (closing in 2023)
- Colgate University
- State University of New York at Morrisville
Communities
Larger Settlements
# | Location | Population | Type | Sector |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Oneida | 11,390 | City | Northeast |
2 | Chittenango | 5,081 | Village | Northwest |
3 | Canastota | 4,804 | Village | Northwest |
4 | Hamilton | 4,239 | Village | Southeast |
5 | Cazenovia | 2,835 | Village | Southwest |
6 | Morrisville | 2,199 | Village | Southeast |
7 | ‡Bridgeport | 1,490 | CDP | Northwest |
8 | ‡Earlville | 872 | Village | Southeast |
9 | DeRuyter | 558 | Village | Southwest |
10 | †Wampsville | 543 | Village | Northeast |
11 | Munnsville | 474 | Village | Northeast |
12 | Madison | 305 | Village | Southeast |
† - County Seat
‡ - Not Wholly in this County
Towns
The towns in southern Madison County originated from the
- Brookfield
- Cazenovia
- DeRuyter
- Eaton
- Fenner
- Georgetown
- Hamilton
- Lebanon
- Lenox
- Lincoln
- Madison
- Nelson
- Smithfield
- Stockbridge
- Sullivan
Hamlets
Politics
For the majority of its history, Madison County has been a mostly Republican county, with the party's presidential candidates winning the county in every election but one from 1884 to 1992. The one exception to this was in 1964, as the county swung strongly to the Democratic column for the first time thanks to Barry Goldwater's conservatism alienating the Northeast, giving Lyndon B. Johnson a wide margin of victory as he won every county in the state & won by a landslide nationally. As New York has turned into a solid blue state, the county has become a swing county & national bellwether from 1996 onward. However, the margins of victory for the two parties in recent elections have been quite different. The three most recent Republican victories in the county have all been by over 10 percentage points, while the three most recent Democratic wins have all been by margins of under one thousand votes.
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 18,409 | 54.09% | 14,805 | 43.50% | 821 | 2.41% |
2016 | 15,936 | 53.01% | 11,667 | 38.81% | 2,461 | 8.19% |
2012 | 13,622 | 48.49% | 13,871 | 49.37% | 601 | 2.14% |
2008 | 14,434 | 48.43% | 14,692 | 49.30% | 676 | 2.27% |
2004 | 16,537 | 54.60% | 13,121 | 43.32% | 629 | 2.08% |
2000 | 14,879 | 52.45% | 12,017 | 42.36% | 1,470 | 5.18% |
1996 | 11,324 | 41.96% | 11,832 | 43.84% | 3,832 | 14.20% |
1992 | 11,293 | 38.90% | 10,099 | 34.78% | 7,642 | 26.32% |
1988 | 14,902 | 57.86% | 10,665 | 41.41% | 187 | 0.73% |
1984 | 17,568 | 67.67% | 8,291 | 31.93% | 104 | 0.40% |
1980 | 13,369 | 55.85% | 7,843 | 32.77% | 2,725 | 11.38% |
1976 | 15,674 | 63.74% | 8,822 | 35.87% | 95 | 0.39% |
1972 | 18,392 | 74.47% | 6,241 | 25.27% | 64 | 0.26% |
1968 | 13,819 | 62.79% | 7,056 | 32.06% | 1,135 | 5.16% |
1964 | 8,858 | 38.21% | 14,313 | 61.75% | 9 | 0.04% |
1960 | 16,245 | 65.78% | 8,433 | 34.15% | 19 | 0.08% |
1956 | 18,555 | 79.10% | 4,903 | 20.90% | 0 | 0.00% |
1952 | 17,715 | 76.73% | 5,353 | 23.19% | 19 | 0.08% |
1948 | 13,413 | 68.23% | 5,937 | 30.20% | 308 | 1.57% |
1944 | 13,369 | 68.51% | 6,109 | 31.31% | 36 | 0.18% |
1940 | 15,262 | 70.46% | 6,301 | 29.09% | 99 | 0.46% |
1936 | 14,353 | 69.71% | 5,867 | 28.49% | 370 | 1.80% |
1932 | 11,931 | 61.91% | 6,896 | 35.78% | 445 | 2.31% |
1928 | 14,333 | 72.20% | 5,217 | 26.28% | 301 | 1.52% |
1924 | 11,589 | 71.01% | 3,430 | 21.02% | 1,302 | 7.98% |
1920 | 11,094 | 72.28% | 3,797 | 24.74% | 457 | 2.98% |
1916 | 5,881 | 57.56% | 3,937 | 38.53% | 399 | 3.91% |
1912 | 3,490 | 35.15% | 3,164 | 31.86% | 3,276 | 32.99% |
1908 | 6,727 | 61.28% | 3,637 | 33.13% | 614 | 5.59% |
1904 | 6,947 | 63.48% | 3,410 | 31.16% | 586 | 5.36% |
1900 | 7,174 | 63.37% | 3,673 | 32.44% | 474 | 4.19% |
1896 | 7,588 | 65.56% | 3,580 | 30.93% | 406 | 3.51% |
1892 | 6,533 | 57.20% | 4,054 | 35.50% | 834 | 7.30% |
1888 | 7,199 | 58.25% | 4,641 | 37.55% | 519 | 4.20% |
1884 | 6,608 | 54.64% | 4,870 | 40.27% | 615 | 5.09% |
See also
- Fugitive Slave Convention
- Gerrit Smith
- List of counties in New York
- List of New York State Historic Markers in Madison County, New York
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, New York
References
- ^ "US Census 2020 Population Dataset Tables for New York". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
- ^ a b c "US Census Bureau QuickFacts". Retrieved August 29, 2021.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 196.
- ^ "County Of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation, 470 U.S. 226 (1985)". Retrieved August 9, 2017.
- ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on May 19, 2014. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
- ^ Barbagallo, Tricia (June 1, 2005). "Black Beach: The Mucklands of Canastota, New York" (PDF). New York Archives. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 13, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2008.
- ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
- ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
- ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
- ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Madison County, New York".
- ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved August 9, 2017.
Further reading
- Sullivan, James; Williams, Melvin E.; Conklin, Edwin P.; Fitzpatrick, Benedict, eds. (1927), "Chapter VII. Madison County.", History of New York State, 1523–1927 (PDF), vol. 2, New York City, Chicago: Lewis Historical Publishing Co., p. 743-50, Wikidata Q114149636
- Koch, Daniel (2023). Land of the Oneidas: Central New York State and the Creation of America, From Prehistory to the Present. Albany: State University of New York Press.
External links
- Information on hotels, B&B's, Country Inns and attractions in Madison County
- A guide to the culinary escapades of Madison County, NY
- Barbagallo, Tricia (June 1, 2005). "Black Beach: The Mucklands of Canastota, New York" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 25, 2008. Retrieved June 4, 2008.
- Madison County, NY
- Madison County at Curlie
- Historical summaries of Madison County history, maps, photos