Transportation in New York (state)

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Transportation in the State of New York
Overview
LocaleThe
Taxicab, bicycle, pedestrian

Transportation in New York is made up of some of the most extensive and one of the oldest transportation infrastructures in the country. Engineering difficulties because of the terrain of the

State of New York and the unique issues of New York City brought on by urban crowding have had to be overcome since the state was young. Population expansion of the state generally followed the path of the early waterways, first the Hudson River and then the Erie Canal. Today, railroad lines and the New York State Thruway
follow the same general route.

History

The Post Road in New York

Transportation was used early on to support industry and commerce in the State of New York. The

National Auto Trail known as the Boston Post Road. Large sections of the various routes are still given the name Boston Post Road, much of it is now U.S. Route 1
.

By the American Revolutionary War, the colonial

largest in the United States
during the 19th, and into the early 20th century.

The other major contribution to New York's transportation system was its extensive railroad network. The

Water Level Route
was advertised as the world's first four-track railroad, and connected New York City, Buffalo, and the cities in between.

Canals

Early transportation in the State of New York was primarily by rivers and canals. Today, the canals are primarily used for recreation.

Urban mass transit

One of the most famous urban mass transit systems in the world is the

Port Authority Trans-Hudson
(PATH), and an extensive bus system.

Besides New York City, many of the other cities have

mass transit
systems.

Buffalo Metro Rail serves Buffalo, the second largest city in the state. However, this service also resembles a light rail system.

Defunct

Rochester had a subway system, although it is mostly destroyed. Only a small part exists under the old Erie Canal Aqueduct. In its day, the system would carry people underground on what were essentially streetcars. If the system still existed today, it would probably be described as a light rail service.

Rochester,

streetcar and interurban
systems.

Commuter railroads

NJ Transit and Amtrak also serve New York City and its suburbs.

Intercity and International rail

Like most of United States, the only intercity rail passenger service is provided by Amtrak. New York City's

Northeast Regional
.

Toronto, Ontario
, Canada.

Recently, the state has taken more interest in increasing the frequency and speed of intercity rail, going so far as to propose the creation of a statewide high-speed rail network.

Intercity Bus

New York City is a hub for intercity bus networks in the northeastern United States. The rest of the state is served by intercity buses run by companies such as Megabus, Greyhound Lines, Trailways of New York, OurBus,[2] North Fork Express,[3] Hampton Jitney, Coach USA Short Line and others.

Automobile transportation

New York Thruway

New York State Thruway
New York State Thruway
Main article: New York State Thruway

The largest single artery in the State of New York is the New York State Thruway, which is more than 400 miles from

New York City and Albany with an Interstate 87 designation and the Erie Canal between Albany and the Pennsylvania border with an Interstate 90
designation.

Parkways

Main article:
Parkways in New York State

New York is home to many parkways built by

Laurelton Parkway
, and many more.

Other parkways include the Cross County Parkway and Saw Mill River Parkway in Westchester, the Taconic State Parkway, the Palisades Interstate Parkway, the Northern State Parkway and the Southern State Parkway (the latter two both in Long Island).

Bridges

New York City

Elsewhere in the State of New York

Tunnels

Most tunnels in the state of New York are within New York City.

Interstates

North-South Interstates

Main article: List of Interstate Highways in New York

The principal north–south highways are as follows:

Interstate 81 has two auxiliary routes, Interstate 481 and Interstate 781.

Interstate 87 has three auxiliary routes:

Interstate 587, and Interstate 787
.

Interstate 95 has three auxiliary routes: Interstate 295, Interstate 495, and Interstate 695.

East-West Interstates

The principal east–west highways are as follows:

  • Lower Manhattan Expressway
    )

Interstate 78 has four auxiliary routes:

Interstate 878
. All were planned to connect to Interstate 78, but none of them currently do.

Interstate 84 has one auxiliary route, Interstate 684.

Interstate 86 and Interstate 88 have no auxiliary routes.

Interstate 90 has nine auxiliary routes:

Interstate 990
.

Other highways

Main articles:
List of State Routes in New York
See also:
Reference marker (New York)

Safety

Between 2010 and 2014, NYS has between 1039 and 1202 yearly road traffic fatalities, that is between 8 and 8.3 fatalities by billion miles traveled. Pedestrian fatalities are between yearly 263 and 336.[6]

In the NY state, pedestrians are one out of 4 fatalities, each year. Those fatalities are due to unsafe actions both from motorists and from pedestrians.[6]

NY state is one of the fives US states with the most pedestrian fatalities: 879 fatalities of which 294 (33%) occurred at intersections.[7]

Bicycle

Main article:
List of New York State Bicycle Routes

New York has a system of numbered state

bicycle routes.[8]

Transportation in New York City

Main article: Transportation in New York City

New York City boasts one of the most extensive urban transportation systems in the world, including two distinct mass transit systems:

  • New York City Subway - by some measures, the most extensive rapid transit system in the world
    • Staten Island Railway - not technically part of the Subway, but serves a similar purpose on the Borough of Staten Island; isolated from the national rail network and the New York City Subway
  • Port Authority Trans-Hudson - rapid transit between Manhattan and New Jersey

New York City's automobile network is also extensive. It includes many bridges and limited access highways built by Robert Moses, and is integrated with a street grid that dates to the early 19th century.

While extensive, much of New York City's infrastructure is aging and in need of capital investment. Despite the lack of expansion and investment during the past few decades, many infrastructure projects including the Second Avenue Subway, 7 Subway Extension, Fulton Center, and the East Side Access have already started construction during the 2000s.

Transportation on Long Island

Further information: Transportation on Long Island

Every major form of transportation serves Long Island, including

recreational and commuter trails
, and ferries as well.

The

Long Island Expressway, Northern State Parkway, and Southern State Parkway
, all products of the automobile-centered planning of Robert Moses, make east–west travel on the island straightforward, if not always quick. Indeed, locals refer to Long Island Expressway as "The World's Longest Parking Lot".

There are currently ten road crossings out of Long Island, all within New York City limits at the extreme western end of the island. Plans for a Long Island Sound link at various locations in Nassau and Suffolk Counties have been discussed for decades, but there are currently no firm plans to construct such a crossing.

The Long Island Rail Road is the busiest commuter railroad system in North America, carrying an average of 282,400 customers each weekday on 728 daily trains. Chartered on April 24, 1834, it is also the oldest railroad still operating under its original name.[9]

Proposals

Commuter rail

See:

Mass transit

Proposed light rail systems

New York presently only boasts the Buffalo Metro Rail, which is arguably a light rail system. Proposals include:

  • Capital district light rail (with former State Senate Majority Leader Joseph Bruno voicing support)
  • 42nd Street Light Rail
  • Staten Island light rail proposals
  • Rochester is entertaining the idea of getting light rail service. The city has been discussing what to do with the
    subway system
    . The city wants to use the right of way, which used to be the route of the Erie Canal, for light rail, recreate the canal, or fill the trench.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Heads of Families at the First Census : 1790" (PDF). 2.census.gov. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  2. ^ "OurBus- the Smart Commuter". ourbus.com. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  3. ^ "North Fork Express". Northforkexpress.com. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  4. ^ "Port Authority of New York and New Jersey - George Washington Bridge". Panynj.gov. Retrieved 2010-03-25.
  5. ^ George Washington Bridge turns 75 years old: Huge flag, cake part of celebration, Times Herald-Record, October 24, 2006. "The party, however, will be small in comparison to the one that the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey organized for 5,000 people to open the bridge to traffic in 1931. And it won't even be on 'what is now the world's busiest bridge' for fear of snarling traffic."
  6. ^ a b "New York State : Highway Safety Strategic Plan" (PDF). Nhtsa.gov. 2017. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  7. ^ "Pedestrian Traffic Fatalities by State : Preliminary Data" (PDF). Ghsa.org. 2017. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  8. ^ "New York State Bicycle Maps". New York State Department of Transportation. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  9. ^ "LIRR General Information Page". mta.info. Archived from the original on 22 June 2003. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
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