Wikipedia portal for content related to Estonia
Welcome to the Estonian Portal Eesti portaali
Estonia Republic of Estonia , is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe . It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland , to the west by the sea across from Sweden , to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Russia . The territory of Estonia consists of the mainland , the larger islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa , and over 2,300 other islands and islets on the east coast of the Baltic Sea. Its capital Tallinn and Tartu are the two largest urban areas . The Estonian language is the official language and the first language of the majority of its population of c. 1.4 million . Estonia is one of the least populous members of the European Union and NATO .
Present-day Estonia has been inhabited since at least 9,000 BC. The
pagan civilisations in Europe to adopt
Christianity following the
Papal -
sanctioned Northern Crusades in the 13th century. After centuries of foreign rule by the
Teutonic Order ,
Denmark ,
Poland ,
Sweden , and the
Russian Empire , a distinct Estonian national identity gained new momentum with the
Estonian national awakening in the mid-19th century. This culminated in the 1918
Estonian Declaration of Independence from the then-warring
Russian and
German empires. Democratic throughout most of the
interwar period , Estonia declared
neutrality at the outbreak of
World War II , but the country was
repeatedly contested, invaded, and occupied , first by the
Soviet Union in
1940 , then
Nazi Germany in 1941, and ultimately
reoccupied in 1944 by, and annexed into, the USSR as an
administrative subunit (
Estonian SSR ). Throughout Soviet occupation (1944-1991), Estonia's
de jure state continuity was
preserved by
diplomatic representatives and the
government-in-exile . Following the 1988–90 "
Singing Revolution " against Soviet rule, full independence was restored on
20 August 1991 .
Estonia is a
press freedom, digitalisation of public services, and the prevalence of technology companies. One of the world's most digitally-advanced societies, since 2005, Estonia has been the first state to hold
general elections over the Internet . (
Full article... )
Monument of Lihula Estonia against the Soviet Union in World War II , located in a privately owned museum in Lagedi , Estonia . The monument has been controversial due to, in part, its dedication to those who served in the German Wehrmacht and particularly in the Waffen-SS .
The monument has moved twice before ending up in the current location. It was originally unveiled in Pärnu on 2002, but taken down only nine days after Prime Minister Siim Kallas had condemned the statue. The statue was then located in Lihula in 2004, finally being unveiled in Lagedi on October 15, 2005. (Full article...
...that Estonian pirates
, sometimes called the Eastern Vikings?
... that Raadi Manor Estonian National Museum and a secret Soviet airfield?"
... that in 1940 the Estonian SSR
, to disband itself?
The following are images from various Estonia-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 2 The Estonian Army High Command in 1920 (from
History of Estonia )
Image 3 Estonian President
Kersti Kaljulaid with Russian President
Vladimir Putin in April 2019 (from
History of Estonia )
Image 4 Livonia, as shown in the map of 1573 of Joann Portantius (from
History of Estonia )
Image 5 Estonian
folk music performers dressed in 19th-century festive
folk costumes (from
Culture of Estonia )
Image 8 Europe in the 9th century (from
History of Estonia )
Image 9 Artifacts of the hoard from Kumna, Estonia (from
Ancient Estonia )
Image 10 Tartu University (Universität Dorpat) in 1860, during its 'Golden Age' (from
History of Estonia )
Image 11 From
Dirham hoards in Estonia, 8th–11th centuries. (from
Ancient Estonia )
Image 12 Estonia's greatest territorial extent ever, reached during its War of Independence, marked by the light blue line on the map. (from
History of Estonia )
Image 13 Fragments of the
Wanradt–Koell Catechism (1535), the first book printed in
Estonian (from
History of Estonia )
Image 16 Soviet prison doors on display in the Museum of Occupations, Tallinn (from
History of Estonia )
Image 17 Public education systems founded during prior Swedish rule made Estonia and Finland the two most literate areas of
Russian Empire (map of
1897 census literacy data) (from
Culture of Estonia )
Image 18 Toompea castle – the seat of the
Riigikogu (from
History of Estonia )
Image 19 Estonian farmers drinking (vodka) in an
inn , by
Oskar Hoffmann (painter) , 1899. (from
Culture of Estonia )
Image 20 Varbola ruins (from
Ancient Estonia )
Image 21 Corded Ware culture pottery and stone axes at the Estonian History Museum. (from
Ancient Estonia )
Image 23 Tools made by Kunda culture, the
Estonian History Museum (from
Ancient Estonia )
Image 24 Ancient Estonia until 21 September 1217 (from
History of Estonia )
Image 25 Europe in 19th century (from
History of Estonia )
Image 26 A moment before the opening of the 25th
Estonian Song Festival (2009) at the Tallinn Song Festival grounds. (from
Culture of Estonia )
Image 27 Tools made by
Kunda culture , the Estonian History Museum (from
History of Estonia )
Image 28 Dannebrog falling from the sky during the
Battle of Lindanise , 1219 (from
History of Estonia )
Image 29 Public education systems founded during prior Swedish rule made Estonia and Finland the two most literate areas of
Russian Empire (map of
1897 census literacy data) (from
History of Estonia )
Image 30 Estonian Soviet politician
)
Image 31 Outline of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (from
History of Estonia )
Image 32 Corded Ware culture pottery and stone axes, at the EHM (from
History of Estonia )
Image 34 Registration card for Estonian citizenship from 1989 (from
History of Estonia )
Image 35 Tallinn, 28 August 1941 (from
History of Estonia )
Image 36 Hermann Castle , Narva, was one of the Teutonic Order's castles in Estonia. (from
History of Estonia )
Image 37 Counties of Ancient Estonia in the beginning of the 13th century. (from
Ancient Estonia )
Image 38 The Swedish Empire, 1560–1815 (from
History of Estonia )
Image 42 Stone
cist graves from the Bronze Age in northern Estonia (from
History of Estonia )
Image 43 Map of
Varbola Stronghold by L. A. Mellin (from
History of Estonia )
Image 45 Livonian Confederation in the 15th century (from
History of Estonia )
Image 46 Stone Cist Graves from The Bronze Age in Northern Estonia (from
Ancient Estonia )
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