Radical Party of the Left

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Not to be confused with Radical Party (France).

Radical Party of the Left
Parti radical de Gauche
2 / 95
Website
www.partiradicaldegauche.fr
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The Radical Party of the Left (

La République En Marche in the European elections and resurrected the PRG.[11]

History

The party was formed in 1972 by a split from the

centrist direction. They chose to join the Union of the Left and agreed to the Common Programme signed by the Socialist Party (PS) and the French Communist Party
(PCF). At that time, the party was known as the Movement of the Radical Socialist Left (French: Mouvement de la gauche radicale-socialiste, MGRS), then as the Movement of Radicals of the Left (French: Mouvement des Radicaux de Gauche, MRG) after 1973.

Led by

left-wing Gaullists to the party and gradually became close to President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
, who nominated him as Mediator of the Republic in 1978. He and his followers were excluded from the party by those who strongly supported the alliance with the PS.

Michel Crépeau was nominated by the party for the 1981 presidential election and obtained a disappointing 2.09% in the first round. He and his party in the runoff endorsed PS candidate François Mitterrand, who eventually won. The MRG won 14 seats in the subsequent 1981 legislative election and participated in PS-led governments between 1981 and 1986 and again between 1988 and 1993.

In the

centre-right deputy. The list styled as the Radical and Ecologist Agreement won 3.32%, but no seats.[12] The party resumed its customary alliance with the PS in the 1986 legislative election
and supported President Mitterrand's 1988 reelection bid by the first round.

At the beginning of the 1990s, under the leadership of the popular businessman Bernard Tapie the party benefited from an ephemeral upswing in its popularity while the governing SP was in disarray. The list led by Tapie won 12.03% and 13 seats[13] of the votes in the 1994 European Parliament election. However, Tapie retired from politics due to his legal problems and the party, renamed the Radical Socialist Party (French: Parti radical-socialiste, PRS), returned to its lowest ebb.

After the

crime against humanity.[15]

In the

Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon
.

The party split on Nicolas Sarkozy's constitutional reforms in 2008. Six deputies (Gérard Charasse, Paul Giacobbi, Annick Girardin, Joël Giraud, Dominique Orliac and Sylvia Pinel) and three senators (Jean-Michel Baylet, André Boyer and François Vendasi) opted to vote in favour, hence allowing for its passage.

The PRG's then-president

Radical, Republican, Democratic and Progressive
group.

Although the PRG remained a close and loyal ally of the PS, it has also cooperated with the small Ecology Generation (GE) party since December 2011.[16][17]

In the 2014 European elections, the party received 13.98% of the vote on a joint list with the PS, electing one MEP Virginie Rozière, who joined the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) group with PS MEPs.

In the

MPs; Annick Girardin, Jeanine Dubié and Sylvia Pinel
.

In 2019, the party was relaunched.[18]

The party supported Christiane Taubira in the 2022 French presidential election.[19]

Following the

NUPES, headed by Jean-Luc Mélenchon,[20] and in 2024 it formed part of Emmanuel Macron's Ensemble coalition[citation needed
].

Ideology

The PRG advocates

social democrats of the Socialist Party mainly by its strong attachment to private property
.

The party was a member of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party before 2012.[21]

Factions

Under Baylet, the PRG's party line was centre-left, socially liberal and pro-European. Nevertheless, there were internal divisions in the party. Former cabinet minister and former deputy Émile Zuccarelli is a left-wing republican who strongly opposed Corsican nationalism[citation needed] and supported the no vote in the 2005 European constitutional referendum, positions much closer to Jean-Pierre Chevènement's Citizen and Republican Movement (MRC)[citation needed]. Similarly, Christiane Taubira supported the no vote in 2005 and endorsed Arnaud Montebourg rather than Baylet in the 2011 primary[citation needed].

Elected officials

The PRG remained rather weak on its own electorally, averaging around 2% of the vote (2002 presidential candidate Christiane Taubira won 2.32% of the vote); which explains why the party depended on its stronger ally, the PS for support and parliamentary representation. Almost all of the party's deputies and local officials were elected with no official PS opposition. It retained some support among middle class voters and in traditional Radical areas in the South West.

The major exception was in

nationalist French Left and remains so to its time of dissolution due to a tradition of political dynasties (such as the Giacobbi family) and the weak infrastructure of the PS on the island. Paul Giacobbi represented Haute-Corse in the National Assembly until he stood down at the 2017 elections (Émile Zuccarelli, an internal rival of Giacobbi and current mayor of Bastia, also represented the island in Paris until his 2007 defeat) and Senators Nicolas Alfonsi and François Vendasi represented the Corsican PRG in the Senate. Giacobbi is also President of the General Council of Haute-Corse
.

In metropolitan France, the PRG was able to sustain a long-lasting Radical tradition dating back to the French Third Republic, most notably in the southwest or departments such as the Eure-et-Loir and Eure.

The party was represented overseas in French Guiana by Taubira's Walwari, one of the major parties of the local left.

Presidential elections

President of the French Republic
Election Candidate First round Second round Result
Votes % Votes %
1981 Michel Crépeau 642,847 2.21% - - Lost
2002 Christiane Taubira 660,447 2.32% - - Lost

Legislative elections

French National Assembly
Election year No. of first round votes % of first round vote No. of seats Swing
1973 Classified as PS
13 / 490
[22] 		New
1978 603,932 2.11%
10 / 491
 Decrease −3
1981 Classified as PS
14 / 491
[22] 		Increase +4
1986 107,769 0.38%
7 / 577
[b] 		Decrease −7
1988 272,316 1.11%
9 / 575
 Increase +2
1993 Classified as PS or DVG
6 / 577
 Decrease −3
1997 389,782 1.53%
12 / 577
 Increase +6
2002 388,891 1.54%
7 / 577
 Decrease −5
2007 343,565 1.32%
7 / 577
 Steady 
2012 429,059 1.65%
12 / 577
 Increase +5
2017 106,311 0.47%
3 / 577
 Decrease −9
2022 126,689 0.56%
1 / 577
 Decrease −2

European Parliament

Election Leader Votes % Seats +/− EP Group
1979[c] François Mitterrand 4,763,026 23.53 (#2)
2 / 81
 New
SOC
1984[d] Olivier Stirn 670,474 3.32 (#6)
0 / 81
 Decrease 2 −
1989[e] Laurent Fabius 4,286,354 23.61 (#2)
2 / 81
 Increase 2
SOC
1994 Bernard Tapie 2,344,457 12.03 (#4)
13 / 87
 Increase 11 ERA
1999[f] François Hollande 3,873,901 21.95 (#1)
2 / 87
 Decrease 11
PES
2004 Jean-Michel Baylet 121,573 0.71 (#14)
0 / 78
 Decrease 2 −
2009 Did not contest
0 / 74
 Steady 0
2014[g] Jean-Christophe Cambadélis 2,650,357 13.98 (#2)
1 / 74
 Increase 1 S&D
2019[h] Raphaël Glucksmann 1,403,170 6.19 (#6)
0 / 79
 Decrease 1 −
2024[i] Guillaume Lacroix 63,006 0.26 (#17)
0 / 79
 Steady 0

Leadership

Party presidents:

See also

Notes

  1. ^ replacing Annick Girardin while she is a cabinet minister
  2. ^ Including 5 elected on PS-MRG lists in various departments.
  3. ^ Run in a joint list with PS, that won 22 seats in total.
  4. ^ Run in a joint list with Ecologists and UCR, that won no seats.
  5. ^ Run in a joint list with PS, that won 22 seats in total.
  6. ^ Run in a joint list with PS and MDC, that won 22 seats in total.
  7. ^ Run in a joint list with PS, that won 13 seats in total.
  8. ^ Run in a joint list with PS, PP and ND, that won 6 seats in total.
  9. MDC and CSDR
    , that won no seats.

References

  1. ^ "En Occitanie, les Radicaux de gauche campent sur leur position".
  2. ISBN 978-1-59140-790-4
    . Retrieved 19 July 2013.
  3. ISBN 978-1-4724-0526-5
    . Retrieved 27 July 2013.
  4. ISBN 978-1-317-93656-5
    .
  5. ^ [2][3][4]
  6. ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2017). "France". Parties and Elections in Europe.
  7. ISBN 978-3-531-32973-4
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0-7190-5876-9
    . Retrieved 27 July 2013.
  9. ^ Marion Mourgue (17 September 2017). "Les radicaux font un pas de plus vers l'unité... et l'indépendance". Le Figaro. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  10. ^ Charline Hurel (16 September 2017). "Les radicaux de gauche et de droite en voie de réunion pour peser au centre". Le Monde. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  11. ^ Tristan Quinault-Maupoil (11 February 2019). "À gauche, les échéances électorales divisent les radicaux". Le Figaro. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  12. ISBN 978-1-134-84403-6
    .
  13. ^ "CEVIPOL - Electoral results: France - European elections of 1994". Dev.ulb.ac.be. Archived from the original on 25 July 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
  14. ^ "CEVIPOL - Electoral results: France - Presidential elections of 2002". Dev.ulb.ac.be. Archived from the original on 25 July 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
  15. ^ "La Loi Taubira". Archived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Human Rights League (France).
  16. ^ "Baptême du Pôle Radical et Ecologique". Archived 4 June 2012 at archive.today. Génération écologie. 21 December 2011.
  17. ^ Création du "pôle radical et écologique". Archived 30 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Parti radical de gauche. 21 December 2011.
  18. ^ "Le PRG choisit son nouveau président". ladepeche.fr (in French). Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  19. ^ Belaïch, Charlotte. "Présidentielle : Christiane Taubira se jette dans la fosse à l'union". Libération (in French). Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  20. ^ "Le Parti radical de gauche dénonce les négociations pour une union autour de La France insoumise". Le Monde.fr (in French). 2 May 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  21. ^ "ELDR Council: between a rock and some very hard places indeed..." Libdemvoice.org. 18 May 2012. Archived from the original on 13 July 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
  22. ^ a b "Chronologie des radicaux de gauche MRG PRG". France-politique.fr. 17 February 2007. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
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