Pierre Mendès France
Pierre Mendès France | |
---|---|
Prime Minister of France | |
In office 18 June 1954 – 23 February 1955 | |
President | René Coty |
Preceded by | Joseph Laniel |
Succeeded by | Edgar Faure |
Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
In office 18 June 1954 – 20 January 1955 | |
Prime Minister | Himself |
Preceded by | Georges Bidault |
Succeeded by | Edgar Faure |
Mayor of Louviers | |
In office 13 March 1953 – 27 November 1958 | |
Preceded by | Marcel Malherbe |
Succeeded by | André Vincelot |
In office 17 May 1935 – 20 September 1939 | |
Preceded by | Raoul Thorel |
Succeeded by | Auguste Fromentin |
President of the General Council of Eure | |
In office 6 October 1945 – 6 December 1958 | |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | Gustave Héon |
Minister of National Economics | |
In office 4 September 1944 – 6 April 1945 | |
Prime Minister | Charles de Gaulle |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | René Pleven |
Commissioner for Finances | |
In office 3 November 1943 – 4 September 1944 | |
President | Charles de Gaulle |
Preceded by | Maurice Couve de Murville |
Succeeded by | Aimé Lepercq |
Personal details | |
Born | Pierre Isaac Isidore Mendès France 11 January 1907 (1960–1971) |
Spouses | Lili Cicurel
(m. 1933; died 1967)Marie-Claire Servan-Shreiber de Fleurieu
(m. 1971) |
Children | 2 |
Alma mater | University of Paris |
Pierre Isaac Isidore Mendès France (French:
Early life
Mendès France was born on 11 January 1907 in Paris, the son of a textile merchant from
Third Republic and World War II
In 1932, Mendès France was elected member of the
During the latter years of the war, Mendès France served in the
Mendès France soon fell out with the Finance Minister,
Fourth Republic
This section needs additional citations for verification. (December 2014) |
In 1947, after democratic French politics resumed under the
Mendès France immediately negotiated an agreement with
Undeterred, Mendès France next came to an agreement with
Mendès France hoped that the Radical Party would become the party of modernization and renewal in French politics, replacing the SFIO. An advocate of greater
His cabinet fell in February 1955. In 1956 he served as Minister of State in the cabinet headed by the SFIO leader Guy Mollet, but resigned over Mollet's handling of the Algerian War,[3] which was coming to dominate French politics. His split over Algeria with Edgar Faure, leader of the conservative wing of the Radical Party, led to Mendès France resigning as party leader in 1957.
Fifth Republic
This section needs additional citations for verification. (December 2014) |
Like most of the French left, Mendès France opposed de Gaulle's seizure of power in
In April 1960, the PSA merged with several other groups to form the Unified Socialist Party (PSU).[3] He made an unsuccessful bid to regain his seat in the National Assembly representing Eure in the 1962 election.[6]
In 1967 he returned to the Assembly as a PSU member for the
Political career
- Governmental function
- President of the Council of Ministers : 1954–1955.
- Minister of Foreign Affairs : 1954–1955.
- Minister of State : January–May 1956 (Resignation).
- Electoral mandates
National Assembly of France
- Member of the National Assembly of France for Eure: 1932–1942 (Deposition by Philippe Pétain) / 1946–1958. Elected in 1932, reelected in 1936, 1946, 1951, 1956.
- Member of the National Assembly of France for Isère(2nd constituency) : 1967–1968. Elected in 1968.
General Council
- President of the General Council of Eure : 1951–1958. Reelected in 1955.
- General councillor of Eure : 1937–1958. Reelected in 1945, 1951.
Municipal council
- Mayor of Louviers : 1935–1939 (Resignation) / 1953–1958 (Resignation). Reelected in 1953.
- Municipal councillor of Louviers : 1935–1939 (Resignation) / 1953–1958 (Resignation). Reelected in 1953.
Mendès France's first Ministry, 19 June 1954 – 20 January 1955
- Pierre Mendès France – President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Marie Pierre Koenig– Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces
- François Mitterrand – Minister of the Interior
- Edgar Faure – Minister of Finance, Economic Affairs, and Planning
- Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of Commerce and Industry
- Eugène Claudius-Petit – Minister of Labour and Social Security
- Émile Hugues – Minister of Justice
- Jean Berthoin – Minister of National Education
- Emmanuel Temple – Minister of Veterans and War Victims
- Roger Houdet – Minister of Agriculture
- Robert Buron – Minister of Overseas France
- Jacques Chaban-Delmas – Minister of Public Works, Transport, and Tourism
- Louis Aujoulat– Minister of Public Health and Population
- Maurice Lemaire – Minister of Reconstruction and Housing
- Christian Fouchet – Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs
- Guy La Chambre – Minister of Relations with Partner States
Changes
- 14 August 1954 – Emmanuel Temple succeeds Koenig as Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces. Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury succeeds Chaban-Delmas as interim Minister of Public Works, Transport, and Tourism. Eugène Claudius-Petit succeeds Lemaire as interim Minister of Reconstruction and Housing.
- 3 September 1954 – Louis Aujoulat succeeds Claudius-Petit as Minister of Labour and Social Security. André Monteilsucceeds Aujoulat as Minister of Public Health and Population.
- 12 November 1954 – Maurice Lemaire succeeds Chaban-Delmas as Minister of Reconstruction and Housing.
Mendès France's second Ministry, 20 January 1955 – 23 February 1955
- Pierre Mendès France – President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Edgar Faure – Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Jacques Chevallier – Minister of National Defense
- Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of Armed Forces
- François Mitterrand – Minister of the Interior
- Robert Buron – Minister of Finance, Economic Affairs, and Planning
- Henri Ulver – Minister of Commerce and Industry
- Louis Aujoulat– Minister of Labor and Social Security
- Emmanuel Temple – Minister of Justice
- Raymond Schmittlein – Minister of Merchant Marine
- Jean Berthoin – Minister of National Education
- Jean Masson – Minister of Veterans and War Victims
- Roger Houdet – Minister of Agriculture
- Jean-Jacques Juglas – Minister of Overseas France
- Jacques Chaban-Delmas – Minister of Public Works, Transport, and Tourism
- André Monteil – Minister of Public Health and Population
- Maurice Lemaire – Minister of Reconstruction and Housing
- Christian Fouchet – Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs
- Guy La Chambre – Minister of Relations with Partner States
Honours
National honours
- Commander of the Legion of Honour
- Croix de Guerre 1939–1945
- Resistance Medal
Foreign honours
- Belgium: Grand Officer of the Order of Leopold (Belgium)
- Morocco: Grand Cordon of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite
- Order of Saint-Charles
- Tunisia: Grand Cordon of the Order of Glory (Tunisia)
Notes
References
- ^ Maurice Larkin, France since the Popular Front: Government and People 1936-1996 (1997) pp 240-1.
- ISBN 978-1400838813. Archivedfrom the original on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
- ^ ISBN 9780313286230.
- ^ "1927: Owner of Egypt's Grandest Store Brutally Murdered in Cairo". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
- ^ Obituary: Bob Denard Archived 23 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, BBC, 14 October 2007
- ^ De Gaulle Wins In France Archived 8 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine. St. Petersburg Times. 19 November 1962
Further reading
- Aussaresses, Paul. The Battle of the Casbah: Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism in Algeria, 1955–1957. (New York: Enigma Books, 2010) ISBN 978-1-929631-30-8.
- De Tarr, Francis. The French Radical Party: From Herriot to Mendès-France (Greenwood, 1980).
- Lacouture, Jean. Pierre Mendes France (English ed. 1984), scholarly biography. online
- Alexander Werth, The Strange History of Pierre Mendès France and the Great Conflict over French North Africa. Barrie. London 1957 online
- Wilsford, David, ed. Political leaders of contemporary Western Europe: a biographical dictionary (Greenwood, 1995) pp. 313–18