Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti

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Samyukta Maharashtra Movement
Part of
Street protest, riot, hunger strike, strike
StatusDormant
Parties
Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti
Lead figures

Shripad Amrit Dange
(President)

T.R. Naravane
(Vice President)

S.M. Joshi

(General Secretary)

Casualties
Death(s)106
The Movement succeeded in creating a separate Marathi-speaking state of Maharashtra including Mumbai and Nagpur as its capitals.

Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, (transl. United Maharashtra movement) commonly known as the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti, was an organisation in

state in Western India and Central India
from 1956 to 1960.

The Samiti demanded the creation of a new state from Marathi-speaking areas of the

Goa Opinion Poll
rejected merger with Maharashtra.

History

The Samyukta Maharashtra Movement organisation was founded on 6 February 1956, at Tilak Smarak Mandir in

S.K. Patil, the Mumbai Congress party politician who favored separation of Mumbai city from a linguistically reconstituted Maharashtra or Gujarat.[2]

The Indian National Congress had pledged to introduce linguistic states prior to Independence.

Vidharba
.

The Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti achieved its goal on 1 May 1960, when the State of Bombay was partitioned into the Marathi-speaking State of Maharashtra and the Gujarati-speaking State of Gujarat. However Goa (then a Portuguese colony), Belgaum, Karwar and adjoining areas, which were also part of the Maharashtra envisaged by the Samiti, were not included in Maharashtra state. Prominent leaders of the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti decided to quit the organization after 1 May 1960, but the then chairman of the Samiti, Udhavrao Patil, continued his fight for the 862 Marathi-speaking villages of Karnataka that were excluded in 1960.

Participants

Notable individuals who participated in the movement include -

Result

Location of Maharashtra
  • As a result of the SMS movement's advocacy, the states of Maharashtra (with Mumbai and Nagpur as its capitals) and Gujarat (with Ahmedabad as its capital) were formed according to the Bombay Reorganisation Act 1960, enacted by the Parliament of India on 25 April 1960.
  • The inaugural government was formed under
    Chief Minister of Maharashtra
    .
Eternal Flame at Hutatma Chowk Smarak dedicated to the martyrs

Memorials

Panoramic view of Hutatma Chowk
  • Fort, Mumbai
    . It was created in the memory of 106 Martyrs who were killed in an open firing of the police during a peaceful protest.
Façade of Smruti Dalan
  • Samyukta Maharashtra Smruti Dalan was constructed in 2010 at Dadar. It displays the history of the formation of Maharashtra and origins of the movement. Spread over an area of 2,800 sq ft, the 3 storey gallery is a confluence of museum and art.

Hutatma a Marathi webseries on

Zee5 starring Anjali Patil, Vaibhav Tatwawadi, Mohan Agashe, and Sachin Khedekar
is based on the challenges faced by the people who participated in this Movement.

Midnight's Children, a classic by Salman Rushdie, which won the Booker Prize has a backdrop of both the Samyukta Maharashtra movement as well as the Mahagujarat movement.

Books

  • महाराष्ट्र : एका संकल्पनेचा मागोवा (लेखक - माधव दातार)
  • मुंबईसह संयुक्त महाराष्ट्राचा लढा (ऐतिहासिक, लेखिका - शिरीष पै)
  • संयुक्त महाराष्ट्र काल आणि आज (संपादक - प्रा. भगवान काळे)
  • संयुक्त महाराष्ट्राच्या चळवळीत शाहिरांचे योगदान, (लेखिका - सुहासिनी देशपांडे)

See also

References

  1. ISBN 9788177648560
    . Retrieved 19 November 2017 – via Google Books.
  2. ^ Guha, Ramachandra (13 April 2003). "The battle for Bombay". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 6 July 2003. Retrieved 12 November 2008.
  3. ^
    JSTOR 3024387
    .
  4. ^ "BMC will give jobs to kin of Samyukta Maharashtra martyrs". epaper.TimesOfIndia.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  5. ISBN 9781473521889
    . Retrieved 11 January 2017.
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