Sex toy
A sex toy is an object or device that is primarily used to facilitate
Sex toys are most commonly sold at
Types
Erotic electrostimulation
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2013) |
Another form of sex toys for both men and women are those for erotic electrostimulation. Erotic electrostimulation refers to the act of using electricity for sexual stimulation. By the mid-1970s, medical transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) machines were widely available. The machines work by stimulating nerve endings with electricity, sending signals of stimulation to the brain. Electrostimulation works off this same principle, when the brain received a signal of stimulation from the genitals, pleasure hormones are released.
Erotic furniture
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2013) |
Erotic furniture is furniture specially shaped for comfort, penetration levels, and stimulation. Also known as sex furniture, it is any form of
Specifically designed furniture for erotic purposes can include:
- Devices for spanking and flagellation such as the Berkley Horse
- Devices for using gravity to aid in lovemaking without the use of complicated slings
- Fisting slings
- Sex gliders
- Sex swings
- Various types of angled foam wedges or specially designed pillows that support various sex positions, e.g., Liberator Shapes or the ergonomically based Lovebumpers
General penetrative toys
- Ben Wa balls are hollow metal balls inserted vaginally which can be worn inside the vagina for extended periods of time. The internal rolling is claimed to enhance orgasms.
- A P-spotstimulation.
- A double penetration dildo is a long, usually flexible dildo with both ends designed for penetration. It allows for mutual penetration between two persons (or for double penetration of a single female, both anally and vaginally).
- A strap-on dildo is a dildo worn in a harness, used to penetrate another person.
- A horseshoe is a non-vibrating sex toy, shaped similar to a horseshoe, which is put into the vagina and anus at the same time. It is made with softer plastics.
- Kegel exerciser, also known as vaginal barbells, eggs, or jugglers, are designed to improve muscle tone in the pelvic floor, and can be used for sexual pleasure as well as enhancing vaginal response.
- A sex machine is a motor-driven device that combines penetration with rotational or reciprocal movement, or both.[2]
Anal toys
- Anal beads
- Butt plugs are often shorter dildos intended for anal insertion. They tend to have a flared base to prevent the device from becoming sucked into the rectum.
- Prostate massagers are devices designed to stimulate a prostate for health and pleasure.
Glass sex toys
Glass sex toys are commonly made from clear medical grade borosilicate glass ("hard glass"). This particular type of safety toughened glass is non-toxic and will withstand extreme temperatures as well as physical shock without compromising its structural integrity.
The choice of this high-grade material provides safety in use and the option to heat or chill the toys. Borosilicate glass is also non-porous and can be sterilized to help prevent infection with reuse. The highest quality glass toys can even be put in the dishwasher making them easier to keep clean. As well as their practical qualities, a main selling point of glass sex toys is their visual appeal.
Some glass sex toys vibrate. There are two main ways this can be achieved. Either the toy may have a hole into which a small bullet vibrator can be inserted, or the core of the glass design can be modified to form a standard vibrator. The latter option usually has a plastic cap covering the battery compartment, which will also house any control buttons or switches.
Vibrators
Vibrators are electric motor-powered devices intended to stimulate the body by creating a pulsating or buzzing sensation. Vibrators come in a range of shapes and sizes, for internal or external use. Some vibrators intended for internal use are phallic in shape. Small vibrators may have a stretchy loop attachment for use as a finger toy or cock ring. Penetrative vibrators usually measure twelve to eighteen cm (five to seven inches) in length and two to five cm (one to two inches) wide often to mimic the size of the average human penis.[citation needed]
- Anal vibrators are designed to be inserted into the rectum, which may stimulate the prostate in men. The safest ones have a flared base which remains outside the body, that prevents the toy from becoming irretrievable.
- Bullet vibrators are small, bullet-shaped vibrators that can be used for direct stimulation or inserted into other sex toys to increase stimulation. Some are sold with stretchy loops for attachment as a finger toy or cock ring.
- G-spot vibrators are curved at one end to facilitate stimulation of the female G-spot.
- P-spot.
- Luxury vibrators have an increased focus on design and the use of expensive materials that appeal to a more upscale fashion market.
- The rabbit vibrator, of which there are several variations, is a popular female sex toy popularized by the television series Sex and the City.[3] It comprises an insertable shaft which often has additional functionality, such as rotation and internal beads or a thrusting action. Attached to the shaft is a vibrating clitoral stimulator. For most rabbit vibrators this comes in the form of "bunny ears" which sit each side of the clitoris.
- Sybians are dual-area vibrators in the form of a clitoral stimulator and vaginal stimulator, designed to stimulate the two erogenous zones simultaneously and independently.
Nipple toys
- Nipple clamps are clamps used to stimulate the nipples by applying varying degrees of pressure.
- Suction devices are generally either rubber or glass.
Penile toys
- milking machines.[5]
- A cock harness is a more elaborate harness designed to be worn around the penis and scrotum. Its function is similar to that of a cock ring. These devices are often associated with Arab strapis one such form of harness, purported to be a device used for maintaining an erection.
- vibrators attached which can be worn to stimulate a partner during sexual intercourse, especially in the scrotum or perineum.[6] Yet other cock rings have arms that rub and apply pressure to the perineum of the wearer.[7]
- A triple crown is a special cock ring that has additional rings for restraining the testicles. In orgasm, the testicles usually retract toward the body before ejaculation. A triple crown changes and intensifies the sensation of orgasm by forcing the testicles to stay away from the body.
- A docking sleeve is a cylindrical device similar to a penis sleeve, but is open at both ends, so that two men can dock.
- An FTM stroker is a pocket-pussy-style toy designed "for [the] t-cock/enlarged clitoris" of a transgender man on hormone replacement therapy. In 2016, Buck Angel released the first such device, the Buck-Off.[8]
- A penis extension is a partially hollow device like a very short dildo, with the hollow end placed on the end of the penis, intended to increase the effective length of the penis, again for the benefit of the person being penetrated. These are generally worn with condoms to prevent them from falling off during use.
- A penis sleeve is a cylindrical device that is placed on the shaft of the penis, with the aim of increasing stimulation for the person being penetrated. They often have soft bumps intended to provide further stimulation.
- sounding rods" that measure water depth, — usually silicone or metal, often with a ball at one end — inserted into the urethra for sexual stimulation.[9]There are sounding rods for women, but they are used far less.
Vulvar toys
- Vibrator wands, such as the Hitachi Magic Wand, are large vibrators that generally plug into an electrical outlet (versus operating on battery power) and are often marketed as back massagers.[10] They are able to produce far more powerful vibration than most battery-powered vibrators.[10] Various attachments made of silicone or a rubber material allow the toy to be used penetratively, or give the toy more interesting texture.[10][11]
- Clitoral vibrators are designed to stimulate the clitoris by direct contact.[12]
- The Womanizer is a clitoral stimulator that uses air vibrations and suction.[13][14]
- Clitoral clamps are used to stimulate the clitoris by applying pressure and restricting blood flow.[15]
- Pussy pumps and clitoral pumps are used to sensitize the genital area prior to masturbation or sex with a partner.[16]
- Clitoral suction toys consist mainly of a small tunnel that when placed around the clitoris and powered on, creates a feeling of suction.[17]
History
Dildos in one form or another have existed widely in history.
The first dildos were made of stone, tar, wood, bone, ivory, limestone, teeth,[21] and other materials that could be shaped as penises and that were firm enough to be used as penetrative sex toys. Scientists believe that a 20-centimeter siltstone phallus from the Upper Palaeolithic period 30,000 years ago, found in Hohle Fels Cave near Ulm, Germany, may have been used as a dildo.[22] Prehistoric double-headed dildos have been found which date anywhere from 13 to 19,000 years ago. Various paintings from ancient Egypt around 3000 BCE feature dildos being used in a variety of ways. In medieval times, a plant called the "cantonese groin" was soaked in hot water to enlarge and harden for women to use as dildos.[21] Dildo-like breadsticks, known as olisbokollikes (sing. olisbokollix),[23] were known in Ancient Greece prior to the 5th century BC.[24] In Italy during the 1400s, dildos were made of leather, wood, or stone.[25] Chinese women in the 15th century used dildos made of lacquered wood with textured surfaces, and were sometimes buried with them.[21] Nashe's early-1590s work The Choise of Valentines mentions a dildo made from glass.[26] Dildos also appeared in 17th and 18th century Japan, in shunga. In these erotic novels, women are shown enthusiastically buying dildos, some made out of water buffalo horns.[21]
Dildos were not just used for sexual pleasure. Examples from the Eurasia Ice Age (40,000-10,000 BCE) and Roman era are speculated to have been used for
Many references to dildos exist in the historical and ethnographic literature. Haberlandt,[27] for example, illustrates single and double-ended wooden dildos from late 19th century Zanzibar. With the invention of modern materials, making dildos of different shapes, sizes, colors and textures became more practical.[28]
Ancient Greece
Greek dildos were often made out of leather stuffed with wool in order to give it varying degrees of thickness and firmness. They were often lubricated with olive oil, and used for sexual practice and other activities. The Greeks were also one of the first groups to use the term "toy" in reference to a dildo.[21] Dildos may be seen in some examples of ancient Greek vase art. Some pieces show their use in group sex or in solitary female masturbation.[29] One vessel, of about the sixth century BCE, depicts a scene in which a woman bends over to perform oral sex on a man, while another man is about to thrust a dildo into her anus.[30]
In literature
Dildoes are mentioned several times in Aristophanes' comedy of 411 BCE, Lysistrata.
- LYSISTRATA
- And so, girls, when fucking time comes […] not the faintest whiff of it anywhere, right? From the time those Milesians betrayed us, we can't even find our eight-fingered leather dildos. At least they'd serve as a sort of flesh-replacement for our poor cunts […] So, then! Would you like me to find some mechanism by which we could end this war?[31]
Herodas' short comic play, Mime VI, written in the 3rd century BCE, is about a woman called Metro, anxious to discover from a friend where she recently acquired a dildo.
- METRO
- I beg you, don't lie,
- dear Corrioto: who was the man who stitched for you this bright red dildo?[32]
She eventually discovers the maker to be a man called Kerdon, who hides his trade by the front of being a cobbler, and leaves to seek him out. Metro and Kerdon are main characters in the next play in the sequence, Mime VII, when she visits his shop.
Talmud
The Talmud's
Early modern period
In the early 1590s, the English playwright Thomas Nashe wrote a poem known as The Choise of Valentines, Nashe's Dildo or The Merrie Ballad of Nashe his Dildo. This was not printed at the time, due to its obscenity[34] but it was still widely circulated and made Nashe's name notorious.[26] The poem describes a visit to a brothel by a man called "Tomalin"; he is searching for his sweetheart, Francis, who has become a prostitute. The only way he can see her is to hire her. However, she resorts to using a glass dildo as he finds himself unable to perform sexually to her satisfaction.[35]
Dildos are humorously mentioned in Act IV, scene iv of Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale. This play and Ben Jonson's play The Alchemist (1610) are typically cited as the first use of the word in publication (Nashe's Merrie Ballad was not published until 1899).[34]
In 1673, the parliament of the United-Kingdom refused the marriage between the presumed heir of the
- You ladies all of merry England
- Who have been to kiss the Duchess's hand,
- Pray, did you not lately observe in the show
- A noble Italian called Signor Dildo?
This ballad was subsequently added to by other authors, and became so popular that Signor became a term for a dildo.[38] In the epilogue to The Mistaken Husband (1674), by John Dryden, an actress complains:
- To act with young boys is loving without men.
- What will not poor forsaken women try?
- When man's not near, the Signior must supply.[38]
Many other works of bawdy and satirical English literature of the period deal with the subject.
Dildos are obliquely referred to in
took their name from it.Health, safety, and privacy concerns
Standards set for sex toys are set in
Sex toys are classified as novelties in the United States because the Food and Drug Administration has extensive testing and financial requirements in order for sex toys to be classified as medical devices. Therefore, sex toy manufacturers more often choose less complex production by labeling them a novelty, where their listed ingredients do not have to be accurate in chemical composition or percentage of ingredients. Due to the novelty classification, sex toys may contain toxins such as phthalates, which have been banned in children's toys by the CPSC.[47][48]
Before using a sex toy, owners should take precautions. One should check for tears, rough seams or cracks that could harm the inside of the vagina or anus. Condoms should also be used on porous sex toys and sex toys that are being shared between two or more partners. They should also use appropriate lubricants; silicone lube will break down silicone toys, and oil-based lubes will break down latex condoms.[49]
Care
Cleaning sex toys is also very important for sexual health and sex toy safety. Cleaning them will avoid the potential of
- Anal toys (butt plugs, small dildos, etc.)
- When used in the anus, sex toys can easily get lost as rectal muscles contract and can suck an object upward, potentially obstructing the colon; to prevent this serious problem, it is recommended that individuals use sex toys with a flared base or a string.[50]
- Non-porous toys[49]
- Glass toys: some can be put in the dishwasher, but it is recommended not to expose them to extreme temperatures and to wash them with soap and water.
- Hard plastic toys: do not boil the toy, and wash with soap and water.
- Silicone toys: put it on the top shelf of the dishwasher, boil for 5–10 minutes, or wash with water and soap.
- Stainless steel toys: boil or soak them in 1:10 bleach-water solution for ten minutes, put it on the top shelf of the dishwasher, or use soap and water (if there are electrical components to the toy).
- Porous toys[49]
- Cyberskin and vinyl toys: clean with warm water, air dry, and sprinkle it with a small amount of cornstarch (to keep them dry and not sticky).
- Nylon toys: put it in the top rack of the dishwasher or wash with soap and water.
- Rubber toys: cannot be properly cleaned because bacteria is absorbed into the material, so it is recommended to always use a condom.
In 2016, the
Legal issues
India
Sex toys are illegal in India.[53] Selling sex toys is a punishable offense under section 292 of Indian penal code, as sex toys are considered an "obscene" product. Besides sex toys, any book, pamphlet, paper, writing, drawing, painting, representation, figure or any other object, is also considered obscene by section 292 if it is lascivious or appeals to the prurient interest.[54] The punishment for the offense is up to two years in prison.[55][56]
Japan
In Japan, many dildos are created to resemble animals or cartoon characters, such as Hello Kitty, rabbits or dolphins, so that they may be sold as toys, thus avoiding obscenity laws.[citation needed]
Malaysia
In Malaysia, the sale and importation of sex toys is illegal.[57]
South Africa
Section 18A of the
United States
Sex toys and lubricants have become increasingly available in major commercial outlets in the United States. On-shelf displays tend to be more discreet than the offerings on web sites. These items tend to be displayed in the "sexual health" sections of stores.[59]
Until recently, many
In February 2008, a federal appeals court overturned a
Marty Klein, author of America's War on Sex and an advocate for the moral value of sex toys, has described the sex toy bans as a form of erotophobia and genophobia, claiming the "extraordinary erosion of personal liberty, coupled with the massive disrespect of and fear of sexuality is no joke" and that the "Supreme Court [of the United States] has declared our orgasms a battlefield, and sex toys another casualty."[63]
Industry
As of 2008, the sex toys industry was valued at US$15 billion worldwide, with a growth rate of 30%.[
In popular culture
- On Millionaire Matchmaker, "Sex Toy Dave" Levine - who earned a fortune selling adult toys and wanted Patti to find him a mate, preferably bisexual, who would accept him as he is - was featured as one of Patti Stanger's clients.[70]
- On Real Housewives of Atlanta, Kandi Burruss frequently discusses, displays, and gives other cast members gifts from her sex toy line, "Bedroom Kandi", which she also promotes via her online show, Kandi Koated Nights.[71]
Research
Sex toys have been the subject of scientific research in different disciplines (e.g., medicine, clinical psychology, sexology, queer studies) for decades.[72] However, in comparison to other sexual aids such as pornography they are regarded as relatively under-researched.[73]
Prevalence and types of sex toy use
Some questionnaire and interview studies on the prevalence of sex toy use are available. They show that people of all genders and all sexual identities use sex toys during solo sex (masturbation) and - somewhat less frequently - during partner sex. In various countries (e.g., Australia, China, Germany, USA) sex toys are normalized according to empirical studies, i.e. they are already used by large sections of the population, sometimes by the majority of the population.[74][75][76][77]
The Internet has made an important contribution to the popularization of sex toys, since information searches about and the purchase of sex toys can now be carried out discreetly online.[78][79][80]
Studies demonstrate that sex toy uses are very diverse. For example, many women do not insert vibrators, but use them externally for direct clitoral stimulation, either during masturbation or during intercourse.[81] Homosexual identified men, on the other hand, report much more frequently that they use vibrators for anal insertion.[77]
Negative and positive effects of sex toy use
The meanings and implications of sex toys are controversially discussed in academia. Some authors criticize sex toys for pushing the commercialization of sex, others endorse them for fostering sexual empowerment.[82]
Empirical research has demonstrated negative effects of sex toy use such as sexually transmitted infections (when sex toys are shared without proper cleaning or without barrier methods such as condoms), injuries (e.g., from anal insertion of toys unsuitable for anal use), or allergies.[83] Some women also report that they are urged by their partners to use sex toys even though they do not want to. The literature also discusses whether sex toys contribute to performance pressure.[84]
Most empirical studies show that people of all genders and sexual identities experience the use of sex toys predominantly positively. In questionnaires and interviews, they report an increase in sexual arousal and satisfaction, the facilitation of orgasms (especially for women), the exploration of new preferences, a playful approach to sex and the fun of something new during sex.[81][85] There are decidedly feminist or women-oriented sex toy stores and sex toy party organizations that link the sale of sex toys with sexual education and aim to support women's sexual empowerment.[86][87][88] Further positive effects are reported from clinical settings: Sex toys are used therapeutically, for example, in the context of therapy for orgasm disorders.[89] They can also enable people with disabilities to have more sexual self-determination.[90]
See also
- Anti-Obscenity Enforcement Act
- Arse Elektronika, sex and technology conference
- Genital jewellery
- Hysteria, film about 1880 invention of first vibrator
- List of BDSM equipment
- Lovense, a trademark of company producing sex toys controlled via Bluetooth
- Sex doll
- Sex machine
- Sex shop
- Sex toy industry in China
- Sex toy party
- Teledildonics, remote controlled sex toys
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Further reading
- Archibald, Timothy (2005). Sex machines: photographs and interviews. Process Media. ISBN 9780976082231.
- Lotney, Karlyn (2000). The ultimate guide to strap-on sex: a complete resource for women and men. Cleis Press. ISBN 9781573440851.
- Wood, Rachel (July 2015). "Sexual consumption within sexual labour: producing and consuming erotic texts and sexual commodities" (PDF). S2CID 143264651.
External links
- "Historic sex toys sold for £3,600 at Essex auction". BBC. March 26, 2010.