Servite Order: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Amadio 123.JPG|thumb|right|200px|[[Amadeus of the Amidei]] (d. 1266), one of the seven founders of the Servite Order.]] |
[[Image:Amadio 123.JPG|thumb|right|200px|[[Amadeus of the Amidei]] (d. 1266), one of the seven founders of the Servite Order.]] |
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The Servites lead a community life in the tradition of the mendicant orders (such as the [[Dominican Order|Dominicans]] and [[Franciscan]]s). The Servite Order was founded in 1233 AD when a group of cloth merchants of Florence, Italy, left their city, families, and professions to retire to [[Monte Senario]], a mountain outside the city, for a life of poverty and penance. These men are known as the Seven Holy Founders; they were canonized by Pope Leo XIII in 1888.<ref name=grotto>[http://www.thegrotto.org/index.php/about-us/servites/ "History of the Servite Order", The National Sanctuary of Our Sorrowful Mother]</ref> |
The Servites lead a community life in the tradition of the mendicant orders (such as the [[Dominican Order|Dominicans]] and [[Franciscan]]s). The Servite Order was founded in 1233 AD when a group of cloth merchants of Florence, Italy, left their city, families, and professions to retire to [[Monte Senario]], a mountain outside the city, for a life of poverty and penance. These men are known as the Seven Holy Founders; they were canonized by Pope Leo XIII in 1888.<ref name=grotto>[http://www.thegrotto.org/index.php/about-us/servites/ "History of the Servite Order", The National Sanctuary of Our Sorrowful Mother] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418144652/http://www.thegrotto.org/index.php/about-us/servites/ |date=2015-04-18 }}</ref> |
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These seven were: Buonfiglio dei Monaldi (Bonfilius), Giovanni di Buonagiunta (Bonajuncta), [[Amadeus of the Amidei]] (Bartolomeus), [[Hugh dei Lippi Uggucioni|Ricovero dei Lippi-Ugguccioni]] (Hugh), Benedetto dell' Antella (Manettus), Gherardino di Sostegno (Sostene), and [[Alexis Falconieri|Alessio de' Falconieri]] (Alexius). They belonged to seven patrician families of that city. As a reflection of the penitential spirit of the times, it had been the custom of these men to meet regularly as members of a religious society established in honor of Mary, the Mother of God.<ref name=usa/> |
These seven were: Buonfiglio dei Monaldi (Bonfilius), Giovanni di Buonagiunta (Bonajuncta), [[Amadeus of the Amidei]] (Bartolomeus), [[Hugh dei Lippi Uggucioni|Ricovero dei Lippi-Ugguccioni]] (Hugh), Benedetto dell' Antella (Manettus), Gherardino di Sostegno (Sostene), and [[Alexis Falconieri|Alessio de' Falconieri]] (Alexius). They belonged to seven patrician families of that city. As a reflection of the penitential spirit of the times, it had been the custom of these men to meet regularly as members of a religious society established in honor of Mary, the Mother of God.<ref name=usa/> |
Revision as of 04:58, 21 December 2017
Ordo Servorum Beatae Mariae Virginis | |
Marian devotional society | |
Headquarters | Santissima Annunziata Basilica, Florence, Italy |
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Website | Official Website |
The Servite Order is one of the five original Catholic
The Order of Servants of Mary (The Servites) religious family includes friars (priests and brothers), contemplative nuns, a congregation of active sisters, and lay groups.
History
Foundation
The Servites lead a community life in the tradition of the mendicant orders (such as the
These seven were: Buonfiglio dei Monaldi (Bonfilius), Giovanni di Buonagiunta (Bonajuncta),
From the beginning, the members of the Order dedicated themselves to Mary under her title of Mother of Sorrows.[1] Dedicating their devotion to the mother of Jesus, they adopted Mary's virtues of hospitality and compassion as the order's hallmarks.[3] The distinctive spirit of the order is the sanctification of its members by meditation on the Passion of Jesus and the Sorrows of Mary, and spreading abroad this devotion.[4]
The
Pope Alexander IV, favored a plan for the amalgamation of all institutes following the Rule of St. Augustine. This was accomplished in March 1256, and about the same time a Rescript was issued confirming the Order of the Servites as a separate body with power to elect a general. Four years later a general chapter was convened at which the order was divided into two provinces, Tuscany and Umbria, the former of which St. Manettus directed, while the latter was given into the care of St. Sostene. Within five years two new provinces were added: Romagna and Lombardy.[6]
Suppression and expansion
Pope Boniface IX granted the Servites the power to confer theological degrees on 30 January 1398, and the order established the Marianum in Rome.[7]
The new foundation enjoyed considerable growth in the following decades. Even in the thirteenth century there were houses of the order in Germany, France, and Spain. Early in the fourteenth century the order had more than one hundred convents including branch houses in Hungary, Bohemia, Austria, Poland, and Belgium; there were also missions in Crete, the Philippines (St. Peregrine-Philippine Vicariate), and India.
The disturbances during the
After the
At this period the order was introduced into England and America, chiefly through the efforts of Fathers Bosio and Morini. The latter, having gone to London in 1864 as director of the affiliated Sisters of Compassion, obtained charge of a parish from Archbishop Manning in 1867. His work prospered; besides St. Mary's Priory at London, convents were opened at Bognor Regis (1882) and Begbroke (1886). In 1870 Fathers Morini, Ventura, Giribaldi, and Brother Joseph Camera, at the request of Bishop Joseph Melcher of Green Bay, Wisconsin, took up a mission in America, at Neenah. Father Morini founded at Chicago (1874) the monastery of Our Lady of Sorrows. A novitiate was opened at Granville, Wisconsin, in 1892. The American province was formally established in 1908.
Twentieth century
The order continued to expand geographically throughout the twentieth century, taking responsibility for missions in
Pope Pius XII, through the Congregation of Seminaries and Universities, elevated the Marianum to a pontifical theological faculty on 30 November 1950.
After the Second Vatican Council, the order renewed its Constitutions starting with its 1968 general chapter at Majadahonda, Madrid, a process which was concluded in 1987. In the same year, Prior General Michael M. Sincerny oversaw the creation of the International Union of the Servite Family (UNIFAS).[10]
The twentieth century also saw the beatification (1952) and the canonization of Friar Antonio Maria Pucci; the canonization of Clelia Barbieri (d. 1870), foundress of the Minime dell’Addolorata; the beatification of Ferdinando Maria Baccilieri of the Servite Secular Order (1999); the beatification of Sr. Maria Guadalupe Ricart Olmos (2001), a Spanish cloistered nun who was martyred during the Spanish Civil War; and the beatification of Cecelia Eusepi of the Servite Secular Order.
Through the centuries, the Servite Order has spread throughout the world, including all of Europe, parts of Africa, Australia, the Americas, India, and the Philippines. The general headquarters of the Servite Order is in Rome, while many provinces and motherhouses represent the Order throughout the world. In the United States there is one province of friars with headquarters in Chicago. There are four provinces of sisters with motherhouses in Wisconsin, Nebraska, and two in Illinois.[1]
Devotions, manner of life
In common with all religious orders strictly so called, the Servites make
The Servites give missions, have the care of souls, or teach in higher institutions of learning. The Rosary of the Seven Dolors is one of their devotions, as is also the Via Matris.
The fasts of the order are Advent, Lent, and the vigils of certain feasts.
All offices in the order are elective and continue for three years, except that of
Affiliated associations
Connected with the first order of men are the
The Mantellate is a
There is also a confraternity of the Seven Dolours, branches of which may be erected in any church.
The Secular Order of the Servants of Mary (Servite Secular Order) is a Catholic organization of lay men and women plus diocesan priests living their Christian faith in the context of the world. They strive toward holiness according to the spirituality of the Servite Order, following the directives of their Rule of Life. Secular Servites are asked to do the following each day: live the Christian virtues of faith, hope, and love; pray and try to read Sacred Scripture each day, and/or the Liturgy of the Hours; and practice acts of reverence for the Mother of God daily, especially by praying the Servite prayer "The Vigil of Our Lady" and/or the Servite Rosary of the Seven Sorrows of Mary.[2]
Mariology and the Marianum
The Pontifical institute Marianum which is now one of the leading centers of Mariology traces its roots to the Servite Order. In 1398 Pope Boniface IX granted the order the right to confer theological degrees; in 1895 the school reopened under the name Sant Alessio Falcioneri.
In 1939 Father Gabriel Roschini OSM founded the journal Marianum and directed it for thirty years. In 1950, he founded the Marianum Theological Faculty, which, on 8 December 1955, became a Pontifical faculty by Decree Coelesti Honorandae Reginae of the Sacred Congregation of Seminaries and Universities under the authority of Pope Pius XII.[12]
Servites of distinction
Ten members have been canonized and several beatified.
- Amadeus of the Amidei, one of the seven founders, was canonized January 1888 by Pope Leo XIII.
- Buonfiglio dei Monaldi (Bonfilius)
- Hugh dei Lippi Uggucioni
- Philip Benizi de Damiani, general superior, was canonized 12 April 1671 by Pope Clement X.
- St. Peregrine Laziosi founded a monastery in his native Forlì, where he devoted all his energies to the restoration of peace. Renowned for his humility and patience, he died in 1345. He was canonized by Pope Benedict XIII in 1726, and his feast is celebrated on 30 April.[6]
- St. Anthony Mary Pucci
- Blessed James da Villa
- Blessed Joachim of Siena
- Blessed Benincasa
- Blessed Francis of Siena
- Blessed James Philip Bertoni
- Blessed Thomas of Orvieto
A few of the most distinguished members are here grouped under the heading of that particular subject to which they were especially devoted; the dates are those of their death.
- Sacred Scripture: Giovanni Angelo Montorsoli (1600), commentary in five volumes.
- Theology: Gabriel Roschini (1924).
- History and Hagiography: Philip Ferrari(1626).
- Painters: Giovanni Angelo Montorsoli (Angelus Montursius) (1563), architect and sculptor, among whose works are the Neptune of Messina, the arm of Laocoon in the Vatican, and the Angels on the Ponte Sant' Angelo.
- Peter M. Rookey[13]
Institutions and schools
- Collège Servite, Ayer's Cliff, Quebec, Canada
- Our Lady's Convent RC High School, Hackney London, United Kingdom
- Servite College, Perth, Australia
- Servite High School, Anaheim, California, United States
- Seven Holy Founders Elementary School, Affton, Missouri, United States[14]
- Marianum College, Tunasan, Muntinlupa City, Philippines
Gallery of Servite churches
-
Santa Maria dei Servi, Bologna, Italy
-
Chiesa dei Servi, Venice, Italy
-
San Carlo al Corso (Milan), Italy
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Basilica Santuario della Beata Vergine delle Grazie, Udine, Italy
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Santissima Annunziata Basilica, Florence, the mother church of the Servite Order
See also
- Annunciade
- Our Lady of Sorrows
- Servite Rite
- Servites of the Immaculate Conception
References
- ^ a b c "History of the Servite Order", The National Sanctuary of Our Sorrowful Mother Archived 2015-04-18 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "About: Friar Servants of Mary USA Province". www.servite.org. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
- ^ "West Side basilica celebrates Servite order's 775th anniversary". tribunedigital-chicagotribune. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
- ^ a b c "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Servants of Mary (Order of Servites)". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
- ^ "The Servite Order". website.lineone.net. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
- ^ a b "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Order of Servites". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
- ^ "The Marianum Pontifical Theological Faculty". Archived from the original on 24 January 2009.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Christopher M. Ross OSM (12 January 2001), Servites in Australia - Part One (PDF), retrieved 25 October 2014
- ^ Of Dreams and Realities, A history of the origins and development of Servite College (1958-1983). p. 1.
- ^ a b "A Brief History of the Servite Order: From the Canonization of the Holy Founders 1888 to 2000".
- ^ Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), pp. 88 and 117
- ^ Annuario Pontificio 2005, p. 1905
- ^ "About: Friar Servants of Mary USA Province". www.servite.org. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
- ^ "Seven Holy Founders School Profile | Saint Louis, Missouri (MO)". www.privateschoolreview.com. Retrieved 2017-05-25.