Al-Masih ad-Dajjal

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 103.67.179.106 (talk) at 14:51, 8 September 2017 (→‎See also). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Part of a series on
Islam
Beliefs
Practices
History
Culture and society
Related topics
Part of a series on
Eschatology
Buddhist
Christian
Hindu
Islamic
— Figures —

— Events —

Jewish

— Figures —

— Events and terms —

Norse
— Figures and items —

— Events —

Taoist
Zoroastrian
Inter-religious

Al-Masih ad-Dajjal (

Arabic: المسيح الدجّال Al-Masīḥ ad-Dajjāl, "the false messiah","liar" or "the deceiver") also referred to as "the anti-christ" is an evil figure in Islamic eschatology.[1] He is to appear, pretending to be al-Masih (i.e. the Messiah), before Yawm al-Qiyamah (the Day of Doom). He is to be an anti-messianic figure, comparable to the Antichrist in Christian eschatology and to Armilus in medieval Jewish eschatology
.

Name

Dajjāl is an adjective of Syriac origin.

al-
("the"), refers to "the deceiving Messiah", a specific end-of times deceiver. The Dajjāl is an evil being who will seek to impersonate the true Messiah.

The name Dajjal also is rooted in an Arabic word dajel, which means "to gold plate" or "to coat in gold". It is derived from word meaning "to mix".

Hadith

According to hadith, Muhammad is said to have prophesied that the Masih ad-Dajjal would be the last of a series of thirty Dajjal or "deceivers".[3]

  • Muhammad is reported to have said:

Ad-Dajjal is blind in the right eye and his eye looks like a bulging out grape.[4]

Ali was reported to have said:

His right eye will be punctured, and his left eye would be raised to his forehead and will be sparkling like a star. Only the believers will be able to read the word "Kafir" [disbeliever], inscribed in bold letters, on his forehead. There will be big mountains of smoke at both front and backsides of his caravan. People will anticipate food within those mountains, during the severe famine. All rivers, falling in his way, will become dry and he will call upon people in a loud voice, "O my friends come to me! I am your lord who has made your limbs and given you sustenance."[5]

  • Muhammad is reported to have said:

If he comes forth while I am among you I shall be the one who will dispute with him on your behalf, but if he comes forth when I am not among you, a man must dispute on his own behalf, and Allah will take my place in looking after every Muslim. Those of you who live up to his time should recite over him the opening verses of Surat al–Kahf, for they are your protection from his trial. We asked: How long will he remain on the earth? He replied: Forty days, one like a year, one like a month, one like a week, and rest of his days like yours. We asked: Messenger of Allah, will one day's prayer suffice us in this day which will be like a year? He replied: No, you must make an estimate of its extent. Then Jesus son of Mary will descend at the white minaret to the east of Damascus. He will then catch him up at the gate of Ludd and kill him.[6]

  • Muhammad is reported to have said:

The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib is in ruins, the ruined state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes, the outbreak of the great war will be at the conquest of Constantinople and the conquest of Constantinople when the Dajjal (

Mu'adh ibn Jabal).[7]

Signs of coming of Al-Masih ad-Dajjal

Hadith attributed to Muhammad give many signs of the appearance of the Dajjal who would travel the whole world entering every city except

Sura Al-Kahf (chapter 18 in the Qur'an), as protection from the trials and mischief of the Dajjal.[5][10] The following signs are ascribed to Ali in the coming of Dajjal:[5]

Signs of emergence

The following signs will occur just before emergence and these signs are mandatory condition for Dajjal to appear.

  • Drying up of Sea of Galilee.
  • When date-palm trees of Baisan stop bearing fruit.[11]
  • Worship of Satan becomes common.
  • The sun will rise from the place it usually sets.[12]
  • The conquest of Constantinople (modern day Istanbul, Turkey) by the Islamic Caliphate.[7]

Signs post-emergence

  • 70,000 jews from Isfahan, Iran will pledge allegiance to Dajjal wearing persian blue-black traditional shawls.[13]
  • He will do miracles and yield resources (minerals, food) from land by his power.
  • He will lay siege across the world except the islamic holy cities (Makkah and Medina).

Eschatology

Part of a series on
Jesus
Jesus in Christianity
Jesus in Islam
Background
Jesus in history
Perspectives on Jesus
Jesus in culture
See also: Islamic eschatology, Mahdi, and Jesus in Islam

Sunni

Fajr
(sunrise) and the leader of the Muslims will address him thus, "O' Prophet of God, lead the prayer." Isa will decline with the words, "The virtue of this nation that follows Islam is that they lead each other." Implying that he will pray behind the imam (the man that leads the prayings (Mahdi)) as the word of God was completed after revelation of Qur'an and Muhammad being the last prophet of God.[15]

After the prayer, Isa will prepare himself to do battle and shall take up a sword. An army shall return from a campaign launched before the arrival of Isa. Isa shall set out in pursuit of Dajjal. All those who embraced the evil of Dajjal shall perish even as the breath of Isa touches them. The breath of Isa shall precede him as far as the eye can see. Dajjal will be captured at the gate of Lod. Dajjal shall begin to melt, as salt dissolves in water. The spear of Isa shall plunge into Dajjal’s chest, ending his dreaded reign.[16][17] The followers of Dajjal will be rooted out, for even the trees and rocks will speak out against them. Isa will break the cross and kill the pig (the animal). Then all battles shall cease and the world will know an age of peace. The rule of Isa will be just and all shall flock to him to enter the folds of the one true religion, Islam.

Shi'a

Shias believe that Dajjal will be killed either by Muhammad al-Mahdi or Jesus.[18][19]

Ahmadiyya

The Ahmadiyya take the prophecies about the Dajjal as pertaining to a collectivity of people centred upon deception instead of one individual. Ahmadiyya teachings interpret the prophecies regarding the appearance of the Dajjal (Anti-Christ) and Gog and Magog in Islamic eschatology as foretelling, in essence, the emergence of two branches or aspects of the same turmoil and trial that was to be faced by Islam in the latter days and that both emerged from Christianity or Christian nations. Hence the reason why Muhammad specifically exhorted the recitation of the first and last ten verses of Sura Al-Kahf (chapter 18 of the Quran) as protection from the Dajjal.[20][21] Its Dajjal aspect relates to deception and perversion of religious belief while its aspect to do with deception and disturbance in the realm of politics and the shattering of world peace has been called Gog and Magog. the Dajjal being blind in his right eye while being sharp and oversized in his left is seen as indicative of being devoid of religious insight and spiritual light but excelling in worldly and material attainment, with the right eye representing godliness and spirituality, and the left eye representing worldliness.[21]

Ahmadis consider the widespread Christian missionary activity that was aggressively active in the 18th and 19th centuries and whose spread was propelled by the Industrial Revolution as being part of the prophesied Dajjal (Antichrist) and view Gog and Magog as emerging in modern times out of predominantly Christian nations.[21] Accordingly, the emergence of Russia and the United States as superpowers and the conflict between the two nations (i.e., the rivalry between communism and capitalism and their influence over the nations of the world) are seen as having occurred in accordance with certain prophecies regarding Gog and Magog.[22] Thus, Ahmadis believe that prophecies and sayings about the Antichrist are not to be understood literally, they have deeper meanings. Masih ad-Dajjal is then a name given to latter day Christianity and the west.[23]

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement whom Ahmadis believe to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, writes extensively about dajjal in his books, in Shahādat-ul-Qurān, which is briefly mentioned in a topic-based, five-volume collection of his writings titled "Essence of Islam", he states:

The Holy Qur’an then specifies that in the latter days the Christians will dominate the earth, and they shall be the cause of all kinds of mischief running rampant. Waves of calamities will rise on all sides and will race down from every height ... They will possess great material strength and dominion, against which all other powers and states will seem powerless. They will also enjoy supremacy in all kinds of knowledge and sciences and establish new and wonderful industries. They will also be dominant in their policies, projects, and good administration, and will show great resolve in their worldly enterprises and will also excel in their endeavour to spread their faith. They will leave behind all other nations in their social, agricultural and commercial policies, as indeed in everything else.

— Shahādat-ul-Qurān, page 361-362[24]

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad gives a more direct definition of the meaning of Dajjal:

As to the Antichrist, now listen, I will explain to you the reality on the basis of the clear and pure revelation that I have received. Then understand, my dear ones, that it has been disclosed to me that the reference to the Antichrist as one individual is not designed to indicate his personal individuality, but his unity as a class, meaning thereby that in that class there will be a unity of ideas as is, indeed, indicated by the word Dajjal itself and in this name there are many Signs for those who reflect. The meaning of the word Dajjal is a chain of deceptive ideas, the links of which are so attached to each other as if it was a structure of equal-sized bricks of the same colour, quality and strength, some of them firmly overlapping others and further strengthened by being plastered from outside.[25]

Thus essentially the Dajjal is not believed to be a physical person or an individual but as representing a collectivity of people who would pose a great challenge to Islam; it is, essentially, a name given to the

Sonnini Manuscript of the Acts of the Apostles.[28]

Modern views

According to

Muhammed.[29]

See also

References

  1. ^ Oxford Dictionary of World Religions, Al-Dajjāl, p. 43.
  2. ISBN 0-8264-1520-2
    , 677 pages, page 387.
  3. ^ Hughes, Patrick T. (1996). A Dictionary of Islam. Laurier Books. p. 64.
    ISBN 9788120606722
    . Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  4. ^ Sahih al-Bukhari, 3:30:105
  5. ^ a b c Bilgrami, Sayed Tahir (2005). "6". Essence of Life, A translation of Ain al-Hayat by Allama Mohammad Baqir Majlisi. Qum: Ansarian Publications. p. 104.
  6. ^ Sunan Abi Dawud 4321, In-book reference: Book 39, Hadith 31, English translation: Book 38, Hadith 4307
  7. ^ a b Sunan Abi Dawud 4294, In-book reference: Book 39, Hadith 4, English translation: Book 38, Hadith 4281, Hasan
  8. ^ Hamid, F.A. (2008). 'The Futuristic Thought of Ustaz Ashaari Muhammad of Malaysia', p. 209, in I. Abu-Rabi' (ed.) The Blackwell Companion to Contemporary Islamic Thought. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, pp.195-212
  9. ^ Sahih Bukhari, Book 29, Hadith 15
  10. Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj Nishapuri Sahih Muslim Sahih Muslim, 41:7007
  11. ^ Sahih Muslim English reference: Book 41, Hadith 7028; Arabic reference: Book 55, Hadith 7573, http://www.hadithcollection.com/sahihmuslim/169-Sahih%20Muslim%20Book%2041.%20Turmoil%20And%20Portents%20Of%20The%20Last%20Hour/15268-sahih-muslim-book-041-hadith-number-7028.html
  12. ^ Abū al-Layth al-Samarqandī, Tanbih al-ghāfilīn, 58
  13. ^ "Anti-Christ". www.discoveringislam.org. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  14. ^ Elias, Mufti A.H. "Jesus (Isa) A.S. in Islam, and his Second Coming". Islam.tc. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  15. ^ a b "The descension of Sayyidena Eesa". Muslimaccess.com. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  16. ^ Sahih Muslim, 41:7023
  17. ^ Ali, Mohammed Ali Ibn Zubair. "Who is the evil Dajjal (the "anti-Christ")?". Islam.tc. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  18. ^ Bilgrami, Sayed Tahir (2005). "6". Essence of Life, A translation of Ain al-Hayat by Allama Mohammad Baqir Majlisi. Qum: Ansarian Publications. p. 105.
  19. ^ al-Qarashi, Allama Baqir Sharif (2006). The Life of Imam al-Mahdi Peace Be Upon Him. Qum: Ansarian Publications. p. 343.
  20. ^ "Chapter 18, Sura al-Kahf (the Cave), English, 5 volume commentary". Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  21. ^ a b c "The Anti-Christ of the Latter Days (al-Masih al-Dajjal)". Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  22. ^ Islam and Communism
  23. ^ "Unveiling of the 'Unseen' by the Quran" in "Knowledge Revelation, Rationality and Truth" by Mirza Tahir Ahmad, hosted on Al Islam, the official Website of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.
  24. ^ http://www.alislam.org/library/browse/book/The_Essence_of_Islam/?p=3#page/283/mode/1up
  25. ISBN 978-1-84880-051-9
    , 1366 pages, p. 288
  26. ^ "Jesus, a Humble Prophet of God". Al Islam.
  27. ^ "Death of Jesus", by Shahid Aziz, Bulletin October 2001, Ahmadiyya Anjuman Ishaat Islam Lahore (UK)
    The Promised Mehdi and Messiah, p. 50, "Jesus Migrated to India", by Aziz Ahmad Chaudhry, Islam International Publications Limited
  28. ^ Ahmad, Hazrat Mirza Tahir - Khalifatul Masih IV Friday Sermon 17 January 2003
  29. ISBN 978-0-615-63664-1
    page 48

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&oldid=799571999"