Kolkata Police
Kolkata Police কলকাতা পুলিশ | |
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Sanskrit: भवता सह – सर्वदा, English: "With You – Always") | |
Agency overview | |
Formed | 1856 |
Annual budget | est. ₹1,727.0843 crore (US$220 million) (2021–22)[1] |
Jurisdictional structure | |
Operations jurisdiction | Kolkata, West Bengal, India |
Kolkata Police Jurisdiction Area | |
Size | 311 sq mi (810 km2) |
Population | 45,80,544 (within 200.71 km**) |
Legal jurisdiction | As per operations jurisdiction |
Governing body | Department of Home and Hill Affairs |
Constituting instrument | |
General nature | |
Operational structure | |
Headquarters | 18, Lalbazar Street, Kolkata: 700001 |
Police officers | 38[2] |
Unsworn members | 35,000 |
Police Commissioner responsible |
|
Divisions | 10
|
Facilities | |
Police Stations | 80[4] |
Cars & Bikes | 4000+[5] |
Dogs | 39[6] |
Website | |
www |
The Kolkata Police (
The primary functions of the forces are maintaining law and order in the city, traffic management, prevention and detection of crime and co-ordinating various citizen-centric services for the people of Kolkata. As of 2018[update], Kolkata Police has eight divisions covering 79 police stations. It has a strength of approximately 35,000 and a territorial jurisdiction of c. 243 km2 (94 sq mi). There are eight battalions of armed forces as well as specialised branches. The force also uses various modern technologies for effective handling of unconventional crimes, terrorism and related activities.
History
Early years (17th century)
The history of the present structure of policing in
East India Company Police (1720–1845)
In 1720, the East India Company formally appointed an officer to be in charge of civil and criminal administration. He was assisted by an Indian functionary commonly known as black deputy or black zamindar. Under him were three naib-dewans, one of whom was in charge of the police. The settlement was divided into "thanas" (police stations) under "thanadars" who had in turn contingents of "naiks" and "paiks". A small contingent of river police was also formed. A statute passed in 1778 raised the strength of the police in Calcutta to 700 paiks, 31 thanadars and 34 naibs under a
Consolidation (1845–1866)
The middle decades of the 19th century witnessed a greater systematisation and institutionalisation of policing in Calcutta. A city magistrate named William Coats Blacquiere inaugurated a network of spies or goendas (
1857 was a difficult time for the English East India Company. The year saw the first upsurge against British rule. The rebellion led to the dissolution of the East India Company in 1858. It also led the British to reorganise the army, the financial system and the administration in India.[10] The country was thereafter directly governed by the crown as the new British Raj. Commissioner Wauchope handled the situation ably and was knighted for his achievement. During the incumbency of his successor V.H. Schalch the Calcutta Police Act and the Calcutta Suburban Police Act were enacted in 1866.
Modernisation (1866–1947)
In 1868,
Post-independence (1947 onward)
The colonial history of the Calcutta Police force was primarily repressive and anti-nationalist. After India gained independence from British rule in 1947, Calcutta Police was re-organised as an essential element of the Indian law enforcement agencies. Surendra Nath Chatterjee was the first Indian Commissioner of Police. As of 2014, Kolkata Police has eight divisions covering 70 police stations. It has a strength of approximately 35,000 and a territorial jurisdiction of c. 243 km2 (94 sq mi). There are eight battalions of armed forces as well as specialised branches.
Logo
Each symbol of the Kolkata Police seal has a special significance. At the centre is the Ashok Stambha, which has been adopted from
. "We who enforce the law must not merely obey it. We have an obligation to set a moral example, which those whom we protect can follow."Organizational structure
As of 2018[update], Kolkata Police has eight divisions covering 79 police stations.
Units
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Rank structure
The rank structure of Kolkata Police officers is as follows (in descending order of seniority):
- Commissioner of Police
- (One) Special Commissioner of Police
- (Six) Additional Commissioners of Police
- (Eight) Joint Commissioners of Police
- Deputy Commissioners of Police
- Assistant Commissioners of Police
- Inspectors
- Sub-Inspector/Wireless Supervisor/Sergeant/Subedar
- Assistant Sub-Inspector
- Naik
- Constable/Sepoy
- Wireless Helper
- Junior Constable
- Home Guard
- Civic Volunteer
- Traffic Volunteer
- Kolkata Green Police
Jurisdiction
The jurisdiction of the Kolkata Police covers the area of
Administration
Particulars of the Kolkata Police Commissionerate, functions and duties
Commissioner of Police, Kolkata, is the Executive and Administrative Head of Kolkata Police Force. Under his command and control, there are:
Rank structure of the Kolkata Police[14] | |||
S no. | Rank | Strength | |
1 | Commissioner of Police | 1 | |
2 | Special Commissioner of Police | 1 | |
3 | Additional Commissioner of Police | 4 | |
4 | Joint Commissioner of Police | 9 | |
5 | Deputy Commissioner of Police | 33 | |
6 | Assistant Commissioner of Police | 140 | |
7 | Inspector | 612 | |
8 | Sub-Inspector | 1962 | |
9 | Sergeant Major | 29 | |
10 | Sergeant | 1553 | |
11 | Subedar | 150 | |
12 | Assistant Sub-Inspector | 4460 | |
13 | Police Constable | 20740 |
Police stations
Police stations under the jurisdiction of Kolkata Police are as follows:[18][19]
- Alipore
- Amherst Street
- Amherst Street Women
- Anandapur
- Ballygunge
- Bansdroni
- Behala
- Behala Women
- Beliaghata
- Beniapukur
- Bhowanipur
- Bowbazar
- Burrabazar
- Burtolla
- Charu Market
- Chetla
- Chitpur
- Cossipore
- Ekbalpur
- Entally
- Garden Reach
- Garfa
- Gariahat
- Girish Park
- Golf Green
- Hare Street
- Haridevpur
- Hastings
- Jadavpur
- Jorabagan
- Jorasanko
- Kalighat
- Kolkata Leather Complex
- Karaya
- Karaya Women
- Kasba
- Lake
- Maidan
- Maniktala
- Metiabruz
- Muchipara
- Nadial
- Narkeldanga
- Netaji Nagar
- New Alipore
- New Market
- North Port
- Panchasayar
- Park Street
- Parnashree
- Patuli
- Patuli Women
- Phoolbagan
- Posta
- Pragati Maidan
- Purba Jadavpur
- Rabindra Sarobar
- Rajabagan
- Regent Park
- Sarsuna
- Shakespeare Sarani
- Shyampukur
- Sinthee
- South Port
- Survey Park
- Tala
- Taltala
- Taltala Women
- Tangra
- Taratala
- Thakurpukur
- Tiljala
- Tollygunge
- Tollygunge Women
- Topsia
- Ultadanga
- Ultadanga Women
- Watgunge
- Watgunge Women
- West Port
Criticism
The traffic department of Kolkata Police has been criticized for imposing blanket bans on bicycles on major roads. The ban has been in effect from 2008 to improve traffic flows. Violation of such bans has led to imposing a fine of Rs 100 or seizing of bicycles. There have been protests against such bans, as neither bicycles have caused traffic congestion by traffic experts, nor the ban was approved by the State Government.[20] The fines imposed against bicyclists do not conform to the Motor Vehicles Act, which does not mention any penalties against bicyclists. Furthermore, traffic cops who impose penalties issue small slips which are chits of plain paper little bigger than postage stamps with a traffic police stamp, that incensed corruption and bribery.[21]
The Kolkata traffic police is also the only department nationwide that penalizes bicyclists for riding under influence and for performing stunts. Bicyclists who are found drunk have been charged under the Calcutta Police Act instead of the Motor Vehicles Act under the charges of public intoxication. [22][23] For performing stunts, the department tried to raise the penalties from Rs 100 to 1000, but because bicyclists do need require license, it could not be implemented. [24]
Recreation
Kolkata Police operates Police Athletic Club, a team that competes in Premier Division of the Calcutta Football League.[25][26][27]
See also
- Divisions of Kolkata Police
- West Bengal Police
- CID West Bengal
- Bidhannagar Police Commissionerate
- Barrackpore Police Commissionerate
- Chandannagar Police Commissionerate
- Howrah Police Commissionerate
- Asansol–Durgapur Police Commissionerate
- Siliguri Police Commissionerate
- Indian Imperial Police
- Kolkata Police community policing initiatives
- Kolkata Police Friendship Cup
References
- ^ "Detailed Demands For Grants For 2021–22" (PDF). 5 February 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
- ^ "West Bengal Police". Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
- ^ Saha, Rajesh (31 December 2021). "Vineet Kumar Goyal appointed new Kolkata Police commissioner". India Today 12:34 IST. Archived from the original on 3 June 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
- ^ "Kolkata to get eight more police stations | Kolkata News". The Times of India. 9 July 2014. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
- ^ CHAUDHURI, MONALISA (14 September 2021). "E-vehicles to replace old police fleet in Kolkata". The Telegraph 07:13 AM. Archived from the original on 14 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ Ghosh, Dwaipayan (21 July 2023). "Police keep new recruits of dog squad on standby". The Times of India Jul 21, 2023, 10:22 IST. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
- ^ "Origins of Kolkata Police". Kolkata police. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
- ^ "Consolidation of the Police Force". Kolkata police. Archived from the original on 17 April 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
- ^ a b "Colonial History of the Kolkata Police". Kolkata Police. Archived from the original on 17 April 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
- ISBN 0-521-38650-0.
- ^ Ghosh, Dwaipayan (27 February 2014). "Four new police stations in Kolkata". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 20 April 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
- ^ Ghosh, Dwaipayan (24 July 2023). "KP traces special branch history to Bagha Jatin days". The Times of India Jul 24, 2023, 08:20 IST. Archived from the original on 27 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
- ^ Bandyopadhyay, Manab (5 September 2008). ". Kolkata Police is setting up a Special Task Force to fight terrorism" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 September 2010.
- ^ a b "Right to Information" (PDF). Kolkata Police. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
- ^ "Kolkata Police to take over all KMC wards". The Indian Express May 26, 2011 01:24 IST. 26 May 2011. Archived from the original on 24 September 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ Chakraborty, Monotosh (13 March 2009). "New police stations under KP will help curb". The Times of India Mar 13, 2009, 03:08 IST. Archived from the original on 17 July 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2009.
- ^ "Kolkata police jurisdiction extended to South 24-Parganas". The Telegraph (India) 01.09.11, 12:00 AM. Kolkata. 1 September 2011. Archived from the original on 27 July 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
- ^ "Home". kolkatapolice.gov.in. Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
- ^ http://www.kolkatapolice.gov.in/images/docs/rti.pdf Archived 9 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF]
- ^ ""Kolkata protests blanket ban on cycling"".
- ^ "In Kolkata, citizens defy police attempts to squeeze bicycles off the road".
- ^ "Kolkata: Breathalyzer tests keep cyclists in line". The Times of India. 26 November 2021.
- ^ "39-year-old Kolkata's 1st cyclist to be booked for 'drink-riding". The Times of India. 27 November 2021.
- ^ "Stunt cycling on roads may incur Rs 1000 fine". The Times of India. 14 April 2018.
- ^ Dey, Sandip (10 February 2021). "জামশিদ-নাসিরের ছোঁয়ায় ঘুরে দাঁড়াতে মরিয়া ক্যালকাটা পুলিশ ক্লাব" [Calcutta Police Club willing to bounce back in football with touches of Jamshid–Nassir duo]. insidesports.in (in Bengali). Kolkata: ইনসাইড স্পোর্টস. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
- ^ Chakraborty, Sanghamitra (5 June 2023). "Calcutta Football League: মোহনবাগান-মহমেডানের গ্রুপে অভিষেকের ক্লাব, ইস্টবেঙ্গলের গ্রুপে ভবানীপুর" [Calcutta Football League: Debutant club in Mohun Bagan-Mohammedan group, Bhavanipur in East Bengal group]. TV9 Bangla (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ^ Biswas, Koushik (5 June 2023). "Calcutta Football League : বাজল কলকাতা ফুটবল লিগের ঘণ্টা, কঠিন গ্রুপে মোহনবাগান" [Calcutta Football League: Bell of Calcutta Football League rings, Mohun Bagan in tough group]. Ei Samay (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- "Evolution of the Calcutta Police: A Calcutta Police presentation on the occasion of the Calcutta Tercentenary, 1990", Calcutta Police, 1990