Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast
Львівська область | |
---|---|
Lvivska oblast[1] | |
UP15 | |
Website | www |
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Льві́вська о́бласть, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Льві́вщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]),[a] is an oblast in western Ukraine. The capital of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).[3]
History
Name
The region is named after the city of
Early history
The oblast strategic position at the heart of central Europe and as the gateway to the
Establishment
The oblast was created as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on 4 December 1939 following the Soviet invasion of eastern Poland and annexation of Eastern Galicia and Volhynia.
It was occupied by
In 1959, Drohobych Oblast was incorporated into Lviv Oblast.
Present day
Given its historical development, Lviv Oblast is one of the least Russified and Sovietized parts of Ukraine, with much of its Polish and Habsburg heritage still visible today.
In Ukraine today, there are three provinces (oblasts) that formed the eastern part of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. Two of these, Lviv Oblast and Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast were entirely contained in the kingdom; the third oblast of Ternopil was mainly in the kingdom apart from four of its most northerly counties (raions). The counties of the Kingdom of Galicia remained largely unchanged when they were incorporated into successor states; with minor changes as detailed below, the current counties are almost co-extensive with those of the Kingdom.
During the 2014 Euromaidan protests, the region is also notable for having declared independence from the central government led by Viktor Yanukovych who started to use active military force against protestors.[5] During Ukraine's decommunization process that accelerated after 2014, Lviv Oblast became the first region of Ukraine to remove all its Soviet-era monuments by January 2024.[6]
Geography
The terrain of Lviv Oblast is highly varied. The southern part is occupied by the low
In the central part of the region lie
-
Skole Beskids. View of the village Tukholka.
-
Grassy flatlands with rolling hills in the Drohobych Raion
-
Mount Parashka, the highest peak of the Parashka Range in the Skole Beskids
-
Zashkiv village in the former Lviv Raion
-
Ukrainian Carpathians within the Lviv Oblast
-
Motorway in Stryi Raion
Climate
The climate of Lviv Oblast is moderately cool and humid. The average January temperatures range from −7 °C (19
Politics
Governors
- Chairmen of the Executive Committee
Term start | Term end | Name | Year of birth | Year of death |
---|---|---|---|---|
March 1991 | 6 April 1992 | Vyacheslav Chornovil
|
b. 1937 | d. 1999 |
June 1994 | July 1995 | Mykola Horyn | b. 1945 |
- Representative of the President
Term start | Term end | Name | Year of birth |
---|---|---|---|
20 March 1992 | June 1994 | Stepan Davymuka | b. 1947 |
- Heads of the Administration[8]
Term start | Term end | Name | Year of birth | Year of death |
---|---|---|---|---|
7 July 1995 | 6 Feb. 1997 | Mykola Horyn | b. 1945 | |
6 Feb. 1997 | 14 Jan. 1999 | Mykhailo Hladiy | b. 1952 | |
15 Jan. 1999 | 19 March 2001 | Stepan Senchuk | b. 1955 | d. 2005 |
26 March 2001 | 26 April 2002 | Mykhailo Hladiy | b. 1952 | |
26 April 2002 | 4 June 2003 | Myron Yankiv | b. 1951 | |
9 June 2003 | 20 Dec. 2004 | Oleksandr Sendeha | b. 1953 | |
20 Dec. 2004 | 4 Feb. 2005 | Bohdan Matolych (acting) | b. 1955 | |
4 Feb. 2005 | 20 Feb. 2008 | Petro Oliynyk | b. 1957 | d. 2011 |
20 Feb. 2008 | 27 Feb. 2008 | Valery Pyatak (acting) | b. 1959 | |
27 Feb. 2008 | 20 April 2010? | Mykola Kmit (acting to 1 Sep 2008) |
b. 1966 | |
20 April 2010 | 21 December 2010[9] | Vasyl Horbal[10] | b. 1971 | |
21 December 2010 | 2 November 2011[9] | Mykhailo Tsymbaliuk[9] | b. 1964 | |
2 November 2011[9] | 4 March 2013[11] | Mykhailo Kostiuk[9] | b. 1961 | |
4 March 2013[11] | 31 October 2013[12] | Viktor Shemchuk[11] | b. 1970 | |
31 October 2013[12] | 23 January 2014[13] | Oleh Salo[12] | b. 1968 | |
2 March 2014 | 14 August 2014[14] | Iryna Sekh | b. 1970 | |
14 August 2014 | 26 December 2014 | Yuriy Turyanskyi (acting) | b. 1975 | |
26 December 2014 | 11 June 2019 | Oleh Synyutka | b. 1970 | |
11 June 2019 | 5 July 2019 | Rostyslav Zamlynsky (acting) | b. 1976 | |
5 July 2019 | 5 February 2020 | Markiyan Malsky | b. 1984 | |
5 February 2020 | Maksym Kozytsky
|
b. 1981 |
Subdivisions
Lviv Oblast | |
As of January 1, 2022 | |
Number of districts (райони) | 7 |
Number of hromadas (громади) | 73 |
Until the big district reform on July 18, 2020, Lviv Oblast was administratively subdivided into 20
On 18 July 2020, the number of districts was reduced to seven.[15][16] These are:
- Chervonohrad Raion (Червоноградський район), the center is in the town of Chervonohrad;
- Drohobych Raion (Дрогобицький район), the center is in the town of Drohobych;
- Lviv Raion (Львівський район), the center is in the city of Lviv;
- Sambir Raion (Самбірський район), the center is in the town of Sambir;
- Stryi Raion (Стрийський район), the center is in the town of Stryi;
- Yavoriv Raion (Яворівський район), the center is in the town of Yavoriv;
- Zolochiv Raion (Золочівський район), the center is in the town of Zolochiv.
In addition, there are the city raions of the city of Lviv.
In English | In Ukrainian | Administrative Center | |
---|---|---|---|
Brody Raion | Бродівський район Brodivskyi raion |
Brody (City) | |
Busk Raion | Буський район Buskyi raion |
Busk (City) | |
Drohobych Raion | Дрогобицький район Drohobytskyi raion |
Drohobych (City) | |
Horodok Raion | Городоцький район Horodotskyi raion |
Horodok (City) | |
Kamianka-Buzka Raion | Кам'янка-Бузький район Kamianka-Buzkyi raion |
Kamianka-Buzka (City) | |
Mostyska Raion | Мостиський район Mostyskyi raion |
Mostyska (City) | |
Mykolaiv Raion | Миколаївський район Mykolaivskyi raion |
Mykolaiv (City) | |
Peremyshliany Raion | Перемишлянський район Peremyshlianskyi raion |
Peremyshliany (City) | |
Pustomyty Raion | Пустомитівський район Pustomytivskyi raion |
Pustomyty (City) | |
Radekhiv Raion | Радехівський район Radekhivskyi raion |
Radekhiv (City) | |
Sambir Raion | Самбірський район Sambirskyi raion |
Sambir (City) | |
Skole Raion | Сколівський район Skolivskyi raion |
Skole (City) | |
Sokal Raion | Сокальський район Sokalskyi raion |
Sokal (City) | |
Staryi Sambir Raion | Старосамбірський район Starosambirskyi raion |
Staryi Sambir (City) | |
Stryi Raion | Стрийський район Stryiskyi raion |
Stryi (City) | |
Turka Raion | Турківський район Turkivskyi raion |
Turka (City) | |
Yavoriv Raion | Яворівський район Yavorivskyi raion |
Yavoriv (City) | |
Zhovkva Raion | Жовківський район Zhovkivskyi raion |
Zhovkva (City) | |
Zhydachiv Raion | Жидачівський район Zhydachivskyi raion |
Zhydachiv (City) | |
Zolochiv Raion | Золочівський район Zolochivskyi raion |
Zolochiv (City) |
Demographics
- Male/female ratio: 48%/52%
- Nationalities (2001): 94.8% of the region's population are Jewish and Romani minorities.[17] Notably, the comparison of the 2001 Ukrainian census (mentioned above), with the last Soviet census of 1989 reveals that in those 12 years the number of Poles in the Lviv Oblast declined by 29.7 percent which, in the opinion of "Wspólnota Polska" Society defies explanation, and could possibly be attributed to the intensive Ukrainization of the Roman Catholic Church.[18]
Age structure
- 0-14 years: 15.7% (male 202,923/female 193,000)
- 15-64 years: 70.0% (male 867,699/female 897,788)
- 65 years and over: 14.3% (male 122,906/female 238,016) (2013 official)
Median age
- total: 38.0 years
- male: 35.2 years
- female: 40.9 years (2013 official)
Religion
Fifty-nine percent of the religious organisations active in the Lviv Oblast adhere to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church is the second largest religious body. The followers of the Latin Church and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) are mostly from the Polish, and Russian or non-Galician Ukrainian minorities respectively.
-
Zhovkva. Temple of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
-
Church of Sts. Peter & Paul in Sokal
-
Church of Our Lady Protectress in Stryi
-
Church of St. Anna in Boryslav, the fifth largest city in Lviv Oblast
-
Church of the Blessed Eucharist, Klymets, Stryi Raion
-
Zolochiv. The church of Assumption of the Holy Virgin (1731-1763)
Historical and cultural sites
The city of Lviv contains a well-preserved main square (Rynok) and numerous historical churches. Other sites of interest are the historic Lychakiv Cemetery, the local museum of folklore, and the ruins of the famous Vysokyi Zamok. The name of the castle is closely tied to the name of the city. There is also a museum of military artifacts, the "Arsenal".
Well-preserved local wooden churches, castles, and monasteries can be found throughout the Oblast. One of them is the Olesko Castle which is first recorded in 1327. Another castle that was built at the end of the 15th century is Svirzh Castle in the village of Svirzh. One more and no less famous castle is the Pidhirtsi Castle. Its architectural complex consists of the three-story palace, Kostel, and small park. In Roztochia is also located the Krekhivsky monastery in the beech-pine grove at the foot of the Pobiina mount. The whole complex consists of the Saint Nicholas Church, the bell tower, numerous service structures, and defensive walls with towers. Another site worth of mentioning is the Tustan city-fortress which is built in the rock. The site was nominated as the historical and as the natural wonder of Ukraine. There also a nature complex in the valley of the Kamianka river in Stryi Raion. Another natural wonder of the region is the Kamin-Veleten (Rock-Giant in English) which is located near city of Pidkamin in Zolochiv Raion. The name of the local city means Under the Rock. A local museum of Ukrainian art and an institution of higher learning (Ivan Franko State University) are also present.
Gallery
-
Trinity Church in Zhovkva
-
Zhovkva Castle
-
Villa in Drohobych
-
Former Treasury building in Sambir
-
Morning in Tustan
-
Building of the Lviv Regional Council
-
Church of St Yura in Drohobych
Economy
The most important research into
Two
See also
- Ukrainian immigrants to Canada brought place names from this oblast with them to Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan.
- 1921–1939)
- Subdivisions of Ukraine
References
- ^ Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласни́й це́нтр, romanized: oblasnýi céntr, IPA: [oblɐsˈnɪj ˈtsɛntr]). The name of each oblast is a relational adjective—in English translating to a noun adjunct which otherwise serves the same function—formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of the respective center city: Lʹvív is the center of the Lʹvívsʹka óblastʹ (Lviv Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Lviv Oblast, Lvivshchyna.
- ISBN 978-966-475-839-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved 2020-10-06 – via United Nations Statistics Division.
- ^ Zelensky introduces new head of Lviv Regional State Administration, Ukrinform (6 February 2020)
- ^ a b Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^ "Валовии регіональнии продукт".
- ^ "Ukraine Facing Civil War: Lviv Declares Independence from Yanukovich Rule".
- ^ Peleschuk, Dan (30 January 2024). "Ukraine's Lviv becomes first region to remove all Soviet-era monuments". Reuters.
- ^ WorldClimate.com (Data for L'viv)
- ^ Lviv, worldstatesmen.org
- ^ a b c d e Yanukovych appoints ex-Ukrzaliznytsia head Kostiuk governor of Lviv region, Kyiv Post (2 November 2011)
- ^ Horbal appointed Lviv regional governor, Kyiv Post (April 20, 2010)
- ^ a b c Gryshchenko introduces new Lviv regional governor to local officials, Kyiv Post (4 March 2013)
- ^ UKRINFORM(23 January 2014)
- Unian(23 January 2013)
- ^ Poroshenko dismisses Sekh as Lviv region governor, appoints Turiansky as acting governor, kyivpost.com (15 August 2014)
- ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
- ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
- ^ Державний комітет статистики України (2004). "Національний склад населення / Львівська область" [Ukrainian Census, Lviv Oblast]. Internet Archive. Archived from the original on September 26, 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
- ^ Polonia w opracowaniach (2013). "Zmiany w liczebności ludności polskiej na Ukrainie w okresie 1989-2001" [Changes in the number of Poles in Ukraine in the period between 1989 and 2001]. Polacy na Ukrainie. Stowarzyszenie "Wspólnota Polska". Archived from the original on 2013-12-15. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
- ^ a b c
- ^
- ^ a b c d
- Gural-Sverlova, Nina; Egorov, Roman; Kruglova, Oksana; Kovalevich, Natalia; Gural, Roman (2021-09-27). "Introduced land snail Cepaea nemoralis (Gastropoda: Helicidae) in Eastern Europe: spreading history and the shell colouration variability". S2CID 234113827. ORCIDs: (NVGS 0000-0002-3892-5338). (RIG 0000-0002-1546-1956).
- Gural-Sverlova, Nina; Egorov, Roman; Kruglova, Oksana; Kovalevich, Natalia; Gural, Roman (2021-09-27). "Introduced land snail Cepaea nemoralis (Gastropoda: Helicidae) in Eastern Europe: spreading history and the shell colouration variability".
- Source for statistics used: L'viv Regional State Administration Web Site – accessed February 29, 2004.
External links
Media related to Lviv Oblast at Wikimedia Commons