Massac County, Illinois
Massac County | |
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UTC−5 (CDT) | |
Congressional district | 12th |
Massac County is a
History
This area was occupied by various cultures of
The most complex and last indigenous culture was that of the Mississippian. The people at this time developed a large settlement during the period 1050CE to 1400-1450CE. At what is known as the Kincaid Site, considered a chiefdom of a stratified society, the people built a total of 19 complex earthwork mounds, including an elite burial mound,[3] and great plaza as the monuments at the center of a large residential settlement.[4]
This site is now operated by the state and is designated as a National Historic Landmark. The people abandoned the site about 1500, perhaps because of environmental reasons, such as running out of timber or game. No evidence has been found that any historic Native American tribes occupied the site in the centuries before European-American settlement. This did not take place until three centuries later, with most occurring 400 years later.
While this was part of the
. The county was later named after Massac.After the American Revolution, initially this area was settled by people from the South, who migrated along the Ohio River. Southern Illinois was given the colloquial name of "Little Egypt." Massac County was not formally organized until February 8, 1843, when population had increased, and it was made up of territory from both Johnson and Pope counties. It was developed for agriculture.
In the mid-19th century, after the revolutions of 1848, Illinois received many German immigrants, who changed the politics of the county. They were pro-Union and the Republican Party at the time of the American Civil War and after, whereas the ethnic Southerners had favored the Confederacy and Democratic Party. The ethnic German descendants today comprise nearly one-third of the population of Massac County.
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Massac County at the time of its creation in 1843
Geography
According to the
Climate and weather
Metropolis, Illinois | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Metropolis have ranged from a low of 25 °F (−4 °C) in January to a high of 90 °F (32 °C) in July, although a record low of −21 °F (−29 °C) was recorded in January 1984 and a record high of 105 °F (41 °C) was recorded in July 1999. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 3.00 inches (76 mm) in August to 4.76 inches (121 mm) in May.[7]
Major highways
Adjacent counties
- Pope County - north
- Livingston County, Kentucky - east
- McCracken County, Kentucky - south
- Pulaski County - west
- Johnson County - northwest
National protected area
- Shawnee National Forest (part)
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1850 | 4,092 | — | |
1860 | 6,213 | 51.8% | |
1870 | 9,581 | 54.2% | |
1880 | 10,443 | 9.0% | |
1890 | 11,313 | 8.3% | |
1900 | 13,110 | 15.9% | |
1910 | 14,200 | 8.3% | |
1920 | 13,559 | −4.5% | |
1930 | 14,081 | 3.8% | |
1940 | 14,937 | 6.1% | |
1950 | 13,594 | −9.0% | |
1960 | 14,341 | 5.5% | |
1970 | 13,889 | −3.2% | |
1980 | 14,990 | 7.9% | |
1990 | 14,752 | −1.6% | |
2000 | 15,161 | 2.8% | |
2010 | 15,429 | 1.8% | |
2020 | 14,169 | −8.2% | |
2023 (est.) | 13,661 | [8] | −3.6% |
U.S. Decennial Census[9] 1790-1960[10] 1900-1990[11] 1990-2000[12] 2010-2013[1] |
2010
Whereas according to the
- 91.0% White
- 5.9% Black
- 0.4% Native American
- 0.3% Asian
- 0.0% Pacific Islander
- 2.0% Two or more races
- 0.4% Other races
- 1.9% Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
2010
As of the
Of the 6,362 households, 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.3% were non-families, and 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.91. The median age was 42.1 years.[13]
The median income for a household in the county was $41,077 and the median income for a family was $51,794. Males had a median income of $46,231 versus $25,717 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,216. About 9.7% of families and 13.7% of the population were below the
Communities
Cities
Village
Unincorporated communities
Forts
Politics
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 4,997 | 73.29% | 1,725 | 25.30% | 96 | 1.41% |
2016 | 4,846 | 72.36% | 1,558 | 23.26% | 293 | 4.38% |
2012 | 4,278 | 65.87% | 2,092 | 32.21% | 125 | 1.92% |
2008 | 4,371 | 60.63% | 2,693 | 37.36% | 145 | 2.01% |
2004 | 4,578 | 61.66% | 2,805 | 37.78% | 41 | 0.55% |
2000 | 3,676 | 54.51% | 2,912 | 43.18% | 156 | 2.31% |
1996 | 2,507 | 41.38% | 2,841 | 46.90% | 710 | 11.72% |
1992 | 2,754 | 39.03% | 3,347 | 47.43% | 955 | 13.53% |
1988 | 3,507 | 51.86% | 3,227 | 47.72% | 29 | 0.43% |
1984 | 3,827 | 54.29% | 3,194 | 45.31% | 28 | 0.40% |
1980 | 4,284 | 58.91% | 2,821 | 38.79% | 167 | 2.30% |
1976 | 3,226 | 46.50% | 3,666 | 52.85% | 45 | 0.65% |
1972 | 4,313 | 69.99% | 1,831 | 29.71% | 18 | 0.29% |
1968 | 3,578 | 55.51% | 1,934 | 30.00% | 934 | 14.49% |
1964 | 3,078 | 47.54% | 3,396 | 52.46% | 0 | 0.00% |
1960 | 4,521 | 63.05% | 2,644 | 36.87% | 6 | 0.08% |
1956 | 4,265 | 64.34% | 2,359 | 35.59% | 5 | 0.08% |
1952 | 4,212 | 60.78% | 2,711 | 39.12% | 7 | 0.10% |
1948 | 3,201 | 62.46% | 1,842 | 35.94% | 82 | 1.60% |
1944 | 3,814 | 67.53% | 1,758 | 31.13% | 76 | 1.35% |
1940 | 4,722 | 62.34% | 2,813 | 37.14% | 39 | 0.51% |
1936 | 3,894 | 55.76% | 3,039 | 43.52% | 50 | 0.72% |
1932 | 2,851 | 51.60% | 2,593 | 46.93% | 81 | 1.47% |
1928 | 3,405 | 72.87% | 1,241 | 26.56% | 27 | 0.58% |
1924 | 3,227 | 71.44% | 920 | 20.37% | 370 | 8.19% |
1920 | 3,731 | 82.98% | 688 | 15.30% | 77 | 1.71% |
1916 | 3,926 | 73.76% | 1,236 | 23.22% | 161 | 3.02% |
1912 | 1,341 | 48.06% | 599 | 21.47% | 850 | 30.47% |
1908 | 2,084 | 73.67% | 652 | 23.05% | 93 | 3.29% |
1904 | 2,078 | 74.72% | 589 | 21.18% | 114 | 4.10% |
1900 | 2,057 | 71.18% | 796 | 27.54% | 37 | 1.28% |
1896 | 2,046 | 69.64% | 869 | 29.58% | 23 | 0.78% |
1892 | 1,652 | 62.53% | 799 | 30.24% | 191 | 7.23% |
In its pre-
But the region also had numerous ethnic Germans who had arrived after the revolutions of 1848. They favored the Union, and provided a number of Union soldiers rivaled on a per-capita basis only by a few fiercely Unionist counties in Appalachia.[17][18] For the next century, Massac County voters favored Republican candidates for the presidency. During this period, the county's voters gave a plurality to every Republican nominee. They supported William Howard Taft in 1912, when the GOP was bitterly divided. During the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt lost the county in 1936 by a greater margin than he did in 1932, when his popularity elsewhere increased as people benefited from government programs. Between 1896 and 1928, no Democratic presidential candidate gained thirty percent of the county's vote.
In the 1964 election, following the assassination of President
But, since 2000 the conservative whites have shifted to the Republican Party in favoring presidential candidates. Some analysts say the conservatives changed parties because of socio-cultural issues.[19] In 2016 Hillary Clinton won 23.3 percent share of the county's vote, the lowest by a Democrat since John W. Davis in his landslide 1924 loss. In 2020 they gave Donald Trump 73.3% of their vote and Joe Biden 25.3%. Overall, state voters favored Biden, who won the election in both popular and electoral college votes.[20]
The county was the only county in Illinois to vote against Barack Obama in both of his presidential runs, his
For the purposes of Illinois law, the three established political parties in the county are the Democratic Party, Republican Party, and Constitution Party as all have received 5% or greater of the vote in a recent election.[22] Massac County is the only county in the state in which the Constitution Party is an established political party.[23] The Constitution Party's established established political party status allows it to have the same reduced barriers to ballot access as the Democratic and Republican parties and to hold primaries.[24] In the 2022 primary, a single voter requested a Constitution Party ballot.[23] Their sole candidate on the ballot, a candidate for county clerk, received 14% of the vote in the 2022 general election.[25]
See also
References
- ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved July 7, 2022.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ Brennan, Tamira K. (October 2009). Domestic Diversity at Kincaid Mounds. Midwest Archaeological Conference. Iowa City, Iowa. p. 2. Retrieved February 19, 2011.
- ^ "Kincaid: A Prehistoric Cultural and Religious Center In Southern Illinois". Dr. John E. Schwegman. Archived from the original on May 18, 2008. Retrieved January 10, 2008.
- ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 202.
- ^ a b "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
- ^ a b "Monthly Averages for Metropolis, Illinois". The Weather Channel. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
- ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
- ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
- ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
- ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 21, 2018.
- ISBN 0292776357
- ^ Copeland, James E.; ‘Where Were the Kentucky Unionists and Secessionists’; The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society, volume 71, no. 4 (October 1973), pp. 344-363
- New York Times, April 24, 2014
- ^ "Illinois Presidential Election Results 2020". NBC News. 2020. Retrieved December 15, 2020.
- ^ Borgsmiller, Rupert T. (Executive Director) (March 20, 2012). Official Canvass of the Illinois 2012 Primary Election. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Board of Elections. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
- ^ Kwiatkowski, Maximilian (March 26, 2018). "Third parties seeking attention, ballot access in Illinois". The State Journal-Register. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
- ^ a b Matthews, Bernadette M. (Executive Director), ed. (July 29, 2022). Official Canvass of the Primary Election of June 28, 2022. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Board of Elections. p. viii. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
- ^ Temple, Terra (June 9, 2022). "Election judges sought as primary nears". The Metropolis Planet. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
- ^ Staff (November 8, 2022). "Illinois down ballot race results for 2022 general election". Murray State University's NPR Station. Retrieved January 9, 2024.