Tetrafluorohydrazine

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Tetrafluorohydrazine
Names
IUPAC name
1,1,2,2-tetrafluorohydrazine
Other names
Tetrafluorohydrazine, perfluorohydrazine, UN 1955
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
 100.030.091 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • InChI=1S/F4N2/c1-5(2)6(3)4 checkY
    Key: GFADZIUESKAXAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/F4N2/c1
  • InChI=1/F4N2/c1-5(2)6(3)4
    Key: GFADZIUESKAXAK-UHFFFAOYAX
  • FN(F)N(F)F
Properties
N2F4
Molar mass 104.008 g·mol−1
Appearance Colourless gas
Melting point −164.5 °C (−264.1 °F; 108.6 K)[1]
Boiling point −73 °C (−99 °F; 200 K)[1]
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Explosion
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
10 mL/kg (rat, intraperitoneal)[2]
  • 440 mg/m3 (mouse, inhalation)
  • 900 ppm/1H (guinea pig, inhalation)
[2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Tetrafluorohydrazine or perfluorohydrazine,

fluorinated analog of hydrazine
.

Tetrafluorohydrazine is manufactured from nitrogen trifluoride using an iron catalyst or iron(II) fluoride.

Properties

Tetrafluorohydrazine is in equilibrium with its radical monomer nitrogen difluoride.[3]

N2F4 ⇌ 2 •NF2

At room temperature N2F4 is mostly associated with only 0.7% in the form of NF2 at 5mm Hg pressure. When the temperature rises to 225 °C, it mostly dissociates with 99% in the form of NF2.[4]

The energy needed to break the N−N bond in N2F4 is 20.8 kcal/mol, with an entropy change of 38.6 eu.[4] For comparison, the dissociation energy of the N−N bond is 14.6 kcal/mol (61 kJ/mol) in N2O4, 10.2 kcal/mol (43 kJ/mol) in N2O2, and 60 kcal/mol (250 kJ/mol) in N2H4. The enthalpy of formation of N2F4 (ΔfH°) is 34.421 kJ/mol.[5]

Uses

Tetrafluorohydrazine is used in some

rocket fuel formulas in 1959.[6] Tetrafluorohydrazine is used in organic synthesis and as an oxidizing agent for rocket fuels.[2]

Safety

Tetrafluorohydrazine is a highly hazardous chemical that explodes in the presence of organic materials.[2]

It is a toxic chemical which irritates skin, eyes and lungs. It is a

air and spread across the ground.[2]

Tetrafluorohydrazine explodes or ignites on contact with

oxides of nitrogen.[2]

There is a fatal case in which during opening of valves to check the pressure, the cylinder exploded, killing one man and injuring another.[2]

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8
    .
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Tetrafluorohydrazine". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 26 March 2023.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ISBN 978-3-662-06341-5
    . Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  4. ^
    doi:10.1021/ic50048a024
    . molecule dimensions and angles
  5. ^ "Nitrogen difluoride NF2(g)". www.chem.msu.su.
  6. ^ Tetrafluorohydrazine at DTIC.mil archived March 12, 2007
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