Ahmad Dahlan
Ahmad Dahlan | |
---|---|
أحمد دحلان | |
Chairperson of Muhammadiyah | |
In office 18 November 1912 – 23 February 1923 | |
Succeeded by | K.H. Ibrahim |
Personal | |
Born | Muhammad Darwis 1 August 1868 Kauman, Sunni |
Known for | Founder of Muhammadiyah |
Occupation | |
Muslim leader | |
Influenced by
|
There, he became involved with reformist thoughts within Islam. He returned to Indonesia in 1888. In 1903, he went to Mecca again to deepen his religious knowledge. He returned to Indonesia in 1905, and two years later, he joined the Budi Utomo organization. However, his supporters urged him to create his organization. In 1912, he created the Muhammadiyah organization, as a means of realising his reformist ideals. The organization was quickly joined by merchants and craftsmen. In 1917, he added a women's section named Aisyiyah, which played a significant role in modernising the life of Indonesian women. Spreading to the Outer Islands, Muhammadiyah established a strong base in Sulawesi only a decade later after it was founded.
It was one of several indigenous Indonesian organisations founded in the first three decades of the twentieth century; a time known as the Indonesian National Awakening; that were key in establishing a sense of Indonesian nationalism, and ultimately independence. Throughout the last year of his life, Ahmad Dahlan suffered from several health issues. In 1923, following the advice of his doctor, he took some time to rest at Mount Tretes, Malang, East Java, before finally returning to Yogyakarta, to attend an annual Muhammadiyah meeting. His health continued to deteriorate until he died on 23 February 1923. His body was buried at Karangkajen's grave. For his services, Ahmad Dahlan was inaugurated as a National Hero, according to Presidential Decree No. 657 of 1961.
Early life
Youth and family
Ahmad Dahlan, born as Muhammad Darwis, was born in the Muslim quarter of the city of
Muhammad Darwis came from a long line of Javanese kyai's. He was the 12th generation descendant of
First pilgrimage
In 1883, Darwis was sent to Mecca, to perform the pilgrimage, and deepen his religious knowledge. Due in part to financial assistance from his brother-in-law, Kyai Haji Soleh. The night before his departure, the community gathered at his father's house to pray for Darwis' safety during the pilgrimage. In the morning, Darwis boarded the train to Semarang at Tugu station. His arrival in Semarang was greeted by other relatives who had prepared a boarding house to rest while he waited for his departure by boat.[6] He continued his journey and boarded a Chinese merchant vessel which was bound for Singapore. The vessel arrived in Singapore after only two days at sea. Darwis' arrival there was greeted by Sheikh Abdul Kahar, who then invited him to stay at the Kampung Jawa lodge for five days.[7] He then continued his journey to Mecca, and boarded the Mispil ship, which departed for Europe via Aden and Jeddah. After going through the Red Sea, the ship arrived at the port of Jeddah.[6]
The arrival of the prospective pilgrims was welcomed by representatives of the government of Mecca, before being handed over to representatives of each country. In the case of the
Muhammadiyah
After returning to Java around 1888, he married the daughter of the head (imam) of the Great Mosque in Yogyakarta. As one of the growing group who regarded themselves as modernists, he was concerned at the many Javanese practices not justified by Islamic scripture and argued for the creation of a renewed purer Islam more in step with the modern world.[8] The efforts of Western Christian missionaries also concerned him. He joined Budi Utomo in 1909, hoping to preach reform to its members, but his supporters urged him to create his organization.
He created
Ahmad Dahlan died aged 54 in Yogyakarta.
See also
References
Citations
- )
- ^ a b c Vickers 2005, p. 54.
- ^ a b Salam 2009, p. 56.
- ^ Abdul, Mulkhan & Marihandono 2015, p. 181.
- ^ Abdul, Mulkhan & Marihandono 2015, p. 182.
- ^ a b c Abdul, Mulkhan & Marihandono 2015, p. 183.
- ^ Nugraha 2009, p. 21.
- ^ a b c Vickers 2005, p. 56.
- ^ Nugraha 2009, p. 23.
- ^ Burhani 2010, pp. 56–57.
- ^ Saputra 2020, p. 148.
Bibliography
- Abdul, Mu'thi; Mulkhan, Abdul Munir; Marihandono, Djoko (2015). Parlindungan, Utan (ed.). K.H. Ahmad Dahlan (1868–1923) [K.H. Ahmad Dahlan (1868–1923)] (PDF) (in Indonesian). National Awakening Museum and Director General of Culture. ISBN 978-602-14482-8-1. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
- Burhani, Ahmad Najib (2010). Muhammadiyah Jawa [Muhammadiyah Java] (in Indonesian). Al-Wasat Publishing. ISBN 9786029691603. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
- Salam, Junus (2009). K.H. Ahmad Dahlan Amal dan Perjuangannya [K.H. Ahmad Dahlan Amal and His Struggle] (in Indonesian). Suara ISBN 978-979-19415-1-8. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
- Salam, Junus (1968). Riwajat hidup K.H.A. Dahlan: amal dan perdjoangannja [Biography of K.H.A. Dahlan: charity and struggle] (in Indonesian). Muhammadiyah. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
- Vickers, Adrian (2005). A History of Modern Indonesia. ISBN 9781139447614. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
- Nugraha, Adi (2009). K.H. Ahmad Dahlan: biografi singkat, 1869-1923 [K.H. Ahmad Dahlan: brief biography, 1869–1923]. Garasi. ISBN 9789792545418. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
- Saputra, Amrizal, Wira Sugiarto, Suyendri, Zulfan Ikhram, Khairil Anwar, M. Karya Mukhsin, Risman Hambali, Khoiri, Marzuli Ridwan Al-bantany, Zuriat Abdillah, Dede Satriani, Wan M. Fariq, Suwarto, Adi Sutrisno, Ahmad Fadhli (15 October 2020). PROFIL ULAMA KARISMATIK DI KABUPATEN BENGKALIS: MENELADANI SOSOK DAN PERJUANGAN (in Indonesian). CV. DOTPLUS Publisher. ISBN 978-623-94659-3-3.)
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