Diplotaxis muralis
Diplotaxis muralis | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Brassicales |
Family: | Brassicaceae |
Genus: | Diplotaxis |
Species: | D. muralis
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Binomial name | |
Diplotaxis muralis (
DC. | |
Synonyms | |
Sisymbrium murale |
Diplotaxis muralis, the annual wall-rocket, is a species of flowering plant in the family
Description
It is an annual, but sometimes grows as a perennial,[1] growing up to 15–60 cm (5.9–23.6 in) tall on unbranched stems.[2] It has lobed leaves, which form a rosette at the base of the plant. They are 2–9 cm (0.79–3.54 in) long and 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) wide.[1] It blooms in summer, between May and September in the UK,[2] and between April and August in China.[1] The flowers are yellow, with oblong sepals and longer, obovate petals.[1] Later, it produces a fruit capsule, long cylindrical with a short beak.[2] It contains 2 rows of yellow brown seeds,[2] which are ovoid or ellipsoid shaped.[1]
Taxonomy
D. muralis was first published by
There are two known subspecies;
- Diplotaxis muralis subsp. ceratophylla (Batt.) Mart.-Laborde
- Diplotaxis muralis subsp. simplex (Viv.) Jafri[3]
The Latin specific epithet muralis is interpreted as 'growing on walls'.[5] D. muralis is commonly known as 'annual wall-rocket' or 'wall rocket', in the UK,[6][7] as it can be found growing on old walls, and is similar in form to wall rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia ), which is taller and bushier.[2]
Several
Distribution and habitat
It is
Range
It is found in North Africa, within Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia, in addition to Ethiopia in East Africa. Within Asia it is found in the Caucasus, Georgia (country) and Turkey. In middle Europe, it is in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia and Switzerland. In southeastern Europe, within Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Malta, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Ukraine. Also in southwestern Europe, it is found in France, Portugal and Spain.[10]
It has naturalised in the UK since 1778, when it was found in a field of oats raised from imported seeds from a ship wrecked on the Kent coast.[9]
Habitat
It grows in waste and disturbed ground,[2] such as beside railways, roads and on tips.[9]
Ecology
It is pollinated by bees and other flying insects.[2] It is occasionally cultivated and ploughed into fields as a 'green manure'.[9]
References
- ^ a b c d e f "FOC Vol. 8 Page 24". efloras.org. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
- ^ ISBN 9780276002175.
- ^ a b "Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. is an accepted name". 23 March 2012. theplantlist.org. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
- ^ "Brassicaceae Diplotaxis muralis DC". ipni.org. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
- ^ Archibald William Smith A Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins, p. 160, at Google Books
- ^ F.H.Perring, P.D.Sell and S.M.WaltersA Flora of Cambridgeshire, p. 54, at Google Books
- ^ "Diplotaxis muralis wall rocket". rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
- PMID 16547870.
- ^ a b c d "Diplotaxis muralis". brc.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
- ^ a b "Taxon: Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC". ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 10 November 2017.