Eigg
An Sgùrr, 393 m (1,289 ft) | |
---|---|
Administration | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Country | Scotland |
Council area | Highland |
Demographics | |
Population | 105[3] |
Population rank | 47 [2] |
Population density | 2.7 people/km2[4] |
Largest settlement | Cleadale |
References | [4][5] |
Eigg (
Eigg has been owned by the Isle of Eigg Heritage Trust since 1997, as a community ownership; another stakeholder, the Scottish Wildlife Trust, manages the island as a nature reserve.[8] In April 2019, National Geographic discussed the island in an online article, estimating the population at 107 and the average number of annual visitors at 10,000.[9]
Geology
The larger part of the island is formed from
In the north of the island are a series of sedimentary rocks of
The shale is overlain by the thicker
A fossilised limb bone, considered most likely to be from a Middle Jurassic stegosaurian dinosaur, was discovered at a coastal exposed Valtos Sandstone Formation in 2020; it is the first confirmed dinosaur fossil to be found in Scotland away from the Isle of Skye.[11][12]
These various formations are collected together as the Great Estuarine Group. The Staffin Shale which also contains siltstones, clays and limestone is found on the southwest side of Laig Bay, stratigraphically above the Great Estuarine rocks. Exposed within the Laig Gorge is the Cretaceous age Laig Gorge Limestone, the base of which is sandstone and conglomerate.
Both the igneous and the sedimentary rocks are cut through by a swarm of Palaeocene age dykes generally aligned NW-SE. A handful of faults are mapped on the same alignment, the two most significant ones stretching SE from Bay of Laig. A band of microsyenite stretches around the hillside southeast of the Sgùrr.
Isolated pockets of
Geography
Pronunciation | ||
---|---|---|
Scots Gaelic : |
An Laimhrig | |
Pronunciation: | [əˈlˠ̪ajvɾʲɪkʲ] | |
Scots Gaelic : |
Clèadail | |
Pronunciation: | [ˈkʰliət̪al] | |
Scots Gaelic : |
Eige | |
Pronunciation: | [ˈekʲə] | |
Scots Gaelic : |
Uamh Fhraing | |
Pronunciation: | [ˈuəv ˈɾaŋʲkʲ] |
The centre of the island is a
The plateau in the northern part of the island, at Beinn Buidhne, drops to a fertile coastal plain on its western side, containing Cleadale (cliff-valley), the main settlement on Eigg. At the southern end of the plain, in the centre of the island, lies the bay of Laig, known for its quartz beach, called the "singing sands" (Tràigh a' Bhìgeil) on account of the squeaking noise it makes if walked on when dry.
The plateau is cleaved by a central valley, stretching from the vicinity of Laig, in the north, to Galmisdale at its southeastern end, which forms the main port. Beyond the southeast coast lies the small islet of Eilean Chathastail.
Etymology
History
Early history
At Rubh' An Tangaird,[note 1] near the southern coast, there are the remains of an oval house, with thick walls, and an upright stone at each side of the doorway, suggestive of grandeur; comparable structures in Shetland[note 2] suggest a neolithic date.
The island also appears to have been occupied towards the end of the neolithic era, and start of the
Later in the Bronze Age, the location of the Galmisdale cache[note 4] was used for metalworking; moulds for axes and knives typical of the period from 1000 to 800 BC have been discovered there,[note 5] together with significant metalworking debris.[note 6]
Iron Age
Early Iron Age hut circles are found throughout the island. One located near the North East coast contains within its bounds a cave to which walls have been artificially added; several hammerstones are located in the cave and surrounding vicinity, some with concretions of crushed shells stuck to them. The cave site is below a dramatic basalt shaft interrupting the general appearance of the cliffs, and is framed by two large boulders, one of which resembles an eagle;[note 8] archaeologists have thus concluded that the site must have been regarded as special, possibly being used for hermitic purposes[note 9] (being too remote and difficult to reach for ordinary domestic use), and have named the site the oracle cave.
Later in the Iron Age, the inhabitants of Eigg chose to fortify the island. Small fortifications restrict access to rocky knolls,[note 10] a promontory,[note 11] and a stack;[note 12] a wall also bars access to the top of An Sgùrr, 1⁄4 mile (400 metres) west of the summit, except for a single narrow entrance.[note 13] More substantial duns existed at Galmisdale Point,[note 14] at Upper Grulin,[note 15] and at Loch nam Ban Mora; the last of these is located on a natural island (entirely encompassed by the Dun's walls,[note 16]) which local traditions claim was once inhabited by unusually large women.[note 17]
Irish Christianity
The Irish missionary activity which brought
By the following century, the monastery was significant enough for the death of its superior,[note 22] Oan, to be mentioned in the Annals of Ulster. The monastery was located within an oval enclosure, surrounded by a ditch, housing a rectangular chapel in the centre, and a handful of smaller buildings either side.[note 23][17] A handful of early inscribed stone slabs were located there,[note 24] of which one bears a Pictish design, comprising a hunting scene;[note 25] the cross on its obverse is in a style which was fashionable in the 9th century.
On the coast at the opposite side of the island, with a good view of Rùm, are 16 square cairns, lined up neatly into groups; they are each between 6 and 12 feet (1.8 and 3.7 m) wide, most being bordered by a stone kerb, and some having upright cornerstones. This form of cairn is usually associated with the Pictish kingdoms of
Viking Age
From 833,
Despite being
Clan Ranald
Early rule
After nearly a century, the sole MacRory heir was Amy of Garmoran, who married John of Islay,[4] leader of the MacDonalds, the most powerful group among Somerled's heirs. A decade later, they divorced, and John deprived his eldest son, Ranald, of the ability to inherit the MacDonald lands; as compensation, John granted Lordship of the Uists to Ranald's younger brother Godfrey, and made Ranald Lord of the remainder of Garmoran, including Eigg.[24] At around this time, a large cross was built at Kildonnan;[note 32] local traditions report that there were a series of such crosses arranged along the island, now only indicated by placenames.[note 33]
Upon the death of John of Islay, Lord of the Isles, his son Donald by Princess Margaret of Scotland, Ranald's half-brother, was named The Macdonald, Donald of Islay, and Lord of the Isles at Kildonan on Eigg in 1387. Ranald agreed to this decision of his father made clear in the Charter of 1373.[25]
However, when Ranald died, Godfrey seized his lands, leading to violent disputes between his heirs (the
Following Hugh of Sleat's death in 1498, his son, John of Sleat, resigned his position, giving his lands to the king.
Writing in 1549,
Massacre and pillage
In 1577, according to Clan Ranald tradition, a group of
The traditions go on to say that the MacLeods conducted a thorough but fruitless search for the inhabitants, but after 3–5 days, just as the MacLeods were leaving, they saw someone leave the cave, and were able to follow their footprints to the entrance. The MacLeods re-directed the water, piled thatch and roof timbers at the cave entrance, and set fire to it; water dampened the flames, so that the cave was filled with smoke, asphyxiating everyone inside.[note 40] 395 people had been inside;[note 41] only one inhabitant of Eigg survived, an old woman, who had not sought refuge in the cave.
Serious doubts remain about the veracity of the tale; in later times a minister of Eigg stated "the less I enquired into its history ... the more I was likely to feel I knew something about it".[29][30] Nonetheless, human remains inside Massacre Cave have been reported many times over the centuries;[note 42][29][31] and, even though most of the remains have since been removed from the cave and reburied,[note 43][29][31] natural disturbances in the soil still occasionally expose further sets of human bones.[note 44]
Clan Ranald had aided the rest of
Church and reformation
Long obliged to perform
In 1623, however, the
Cornelius refused to reconsecrate the Chapel in its roofless state, and it came to only be used for burials. One grave had a carved cover with a roughly worked depiction of an occupant, sleeping; the portion below the waist and wrists is now missing, leading to the 17th/18th century grave slab[35] being popularly re-interpreted as a medieval sheela na gig.[note 48] The chapel also contains a Clan Ranald burial recess, dated to 1641;[note 49] traditionally this is the burial place of Ranald MacDonald of Morar, a famed piper who farmed Sandavore near the end of his life,[note 50] but he was not even born until 1662.
Jacobite risings
As committed Roman Catholics, Clan Ranald took part in the
The men of Eigg also rose and fought in both the
On 22 April 1751, Scottish Gaelic
For all its brutality, however, the post-Culloden history of Eigg is also highly important to the simultaneous golden age of
The tack of Laig remained in the family until
Crops
The 18th century introduction of the
The outbreak of the
In 1821, several families voluntarily emigrated to
According to a 1964
However, in 1827 the Ranald George Macdonald found someone willing to purchase Eigg, and cancelled further evictions. After 800 years, Clan Ranald rule of Eigg was at an end.
Later lairds
The purchaser and new owner of Eigg was one Dr. Hugh MacPherson,
In 1847, ongoing
In 1853, the whole village of Gruilin – fourteen families – were evicted and forced by Dr. MacPherson to leave Eigg. The whole village of Brae was similarly cleared in 1858. In 1862, Dr. MacPherson built Sandavore church to serve Eigg's remaining Church of Scotland residents.[note 54]
The isle of Eigg has a much wider importance for its influence on the rest of the
At the end of the century, in 1893, Dr. MacPherson sold Eigg to Lawrence Thompson, who built a church for the Roman Catholics of the island (St. Donnan's church in Cleadale).[note 55]
After being sold by Thompson in 1917, the island passed through various hands, including a cabinet minister,[note 56] until being purchased by Keith Schellenberg.[note 57] Unlike his predecessors, who had sought to use the resources of the island for their own power, profit, or leisure, Schellenberg had conservationist motives; he wished to restore its listed buildings, and preserve the natural environment.[49]
Community buy-out
In the early 1990s, a fire at Schellenberg's home on the island destroyed a 1920s Rolls-Royce; Police suspected the fire was due to arson.[49] Some locals claimed that since the late 1980s, he had neglected homes, closed the community hall, and restricted leases.[49] While admitting that he had closed the community hall (but only in the evenings), and had refused to continue one particular lease, he told the press that "drunken hippies and drop-outs" were unfairly branding him a despot.[49] In 1994, now in his 60s, Schellenberg concluded that trying to conserve the island was not worth facing violent intimidation for,[49] and in the following year sold it to Gotthilf Christian Eckhard Österle from Germany who styled himself "Professor Marlin Eckhard-Maruma" or simply "Maruma" and who claimed to an artist;[50] Schellenberg retained ownership of the 18th century Manse.
Nevertheless, by then a community trust had been formed by the
Between then and the
A few longstanding residents complained that the trust focused on the new residents, while ignoring the concerns of the families who had lived on the island for generations; for example, they complained that new mains power connections, and housing provision, was given to the families of trust members, not indigenous islanders.[53] One islander from an old Eigg family declared that the trust "is not a democracy ... it is the mafia".[53] More recently, more positive articles have been published, showing a different picture of the island.[54]
Eigg was featured on the American television program 60 Minutes in November 2017[55] and an extended feature on its companion web site 60 Minutes Overtime in July 2018.[56]
In its 2019 coverage of the island, National Geographic provided this summary of the ownership and current situation:[9]
"after years of neglect by the previous laird, or estate owner, the people gained ownership themselves in 1997. Now, visitors to the nicknamed “People’s Republic of Eigg” contend with nothing more dangerous than negotiating walking territory with sheep or engaging in cheeky yet informative banter with Charlie Galli, the sole taxi driver and self-proclaimed 'Eigg Gazette'" ... there is a single main road ... and a single stoplight ... to alert everyone when electricity is running low ... humble attractions like the tiny post-office-turned-museum detailing island history; a wee, closet-size shed boasting handcrafted curiosities for sale by the honor system; herds of distrustful sheep; and pit stops such as “Rest and Be Thankful,” a patio tea garden open only when the sun shines.
Economy and transport
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Key
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Tourism is important to the local economy, especially in the summer months, and the first major project of the Heritage Trust was An Laimhrig, a new building near the jetty to house the island's shop and post office, Galmisadale Bay restaurant and bar, a craft shop, and toilet and shower facilities, which are open 24 hours a day.[57] A'Nead Hand Knitwear is a new island business making garments such as cobweb shawls and scarves.[58]
There are two ferry routes to the island. There is a sheltered anchorage for boats at
Around 2014 a beer brewery called Laig Bay Brewing was set up on the island.[60][61]
In November 2017, a crew from the American television news magazine 60 Minutes visited Eigg. Its report stated that there was "one grocery shop, one primary school for five students and one pub at the tea room down by the wharf. The island's tiny electrical grid powers it all ... a combination of wind, hydroelectric and solar".[62]
National Geographic's April 2019 coverage suggested that visitors should arrive via Caledonian MacBrayne (CalMac) ferry from Mallaig and Arisaig and explore by foot or bicycle or hitchhiking. Various types of rental accommodations were available. Sources for food included the Isle of Eigg Shop and Eigg Organics or communal dining places: Galmisdale Café and Bar and Lageorna.[9] Because of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, facilities for tourists were closed, and visitors were being asked not to come to the island, during much of 2020 and into 2021.[63]
Electrification project
The Heritage Trust provisioned a
The new system incorporates a 9.9 kWp PV system, three hydro generation systems (totalling 112 kW) and a 24 kW wind farm supported by stand-by diesel generation, ultra-capacitors,[65] flywheels and batteries to guarantee continuous availability of power. A load management system has been installed to provide optimal use of the renewables. This combination of solar, wind and hydro power should provide a network that is self-sufficient and powered 98 percent from renewable sources. On 1 February 2008 the system was switched on.[66]
Eigg Electric generates a finite amount of energy and so Eigg residents agreed from the outset to cap electricity use at 5 kW at any one time for households, and 10 kW for businesses. If renewable resources are low, for example when there is less rain or wind, a "traffic light" system asks residents to keep their usage to a minimum. The traffic light reduces demand by up to 20 percent and ensures that there's always enough energy for everyone.[citation needed]
The Heritage Trust has formed a company, Eigg Electric Ltd, to operate the new £1.6 million network, which has been part funded by the
Other sustainability projects
In September 2008, Eigg began a year-long series of projects as part of their success as one of ten finalists in
In January 2010, Eigg was announced as one of three joint winners in NESTA's Big Green Challenge, winning a prize of £300,000. Eigg also won the prestigious Ashden UK Gold Award in July 2010.[71]
Lighthouse
Location | Eilean Chathastail, Highland, United Kingdom |
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Coordinates | 56°52′15″N 6°07′17″W / 56.87091°N 6.12139°W |
Tower | |
Constructed | 1906 |
Designed by | David Alan Stevenson, Charles Alexander Stevenson |
Construction | metal (tower) |
Height | 8 m (26 ft) |
Shape | cylinder |
Markings | white |
Power source | solar power |
Operator | Isle of Eigg Heritage Trust |
Light | |
Focal height | 24 m (79 ft) |
Range | 8 nmi (15 km; 9.2 mi) |
Characteristic | Fl W 6s |
Eigg lighthouse is an active lighthouse located on the south-eastern corner of the islet of Eilean Chathastail, one of the smaller Small Isles about 110 metres (360 ft) off Eigg.[72] The lighthouse was built in 1906 to a design by David A. and Charles Alexander Stevenson; it is a cylindrical metal tower only 8 metres (26 ft) high with gallery and lantern painted white. It is a minor light among those owned by Northern Lighthouse Board but day-to-day management rests with the Isle of Eigg Heritage Trust. The light emits a white flash every 6 seconds.
Wildlife
An average of 130 species of birds are recorded annually. The island has breeding populations of various raptors:
See also
- Religion of the Yellow Stick
- List of lighthouses in Scotland
- List of Northern Lighthouse Board lighthouses
- List of community buyouts in Scotland
References
- Notes
- ^ south of Galmisdale
- ^ the Benie Hoose, and Stanydale temple
- ^ now in the Edinburgh Royal Museum
- ^ adjacent to a prominent boulder
- ^ in 2001, during the burial of a pet cat
- ^ the rarity of such finds, for the Bronze Age, gives the site some importance for archaeology at a national level
- ^ The basalt shaft above oracle cave is in the background, barely visible
- ^ hence the location's traditional name: Eagle's spur (Sron na h-Iolaire)
- ^ though nothing is known about Iron Age religion in the region
- ^ Garbh Bealach (in moorland, west of Galmisdale), and Poll Duchaill (on the north coast of western Eigg)
- ^ Rudha na Crannaig ("Pulpit Point"), south of Kildonan
- ^ Corragan Mor
- ^ through which the modern path passes
- ^ beyond the post-office, and bisected by the road to the former ferry terminal
- ^ near the coast, to the west of the stream that runs past the Bothy
- ^ some parts are still more than a yard high
- ^ hence the name of the Loch – the Loch of the Big Women
- ^ literally, Donnán's church
- pirates
- ^ variously 51 – making it one for each week of the year, including Donnán – or 150
- ^ some accounts say they were stabbed to death, others that they were burnt
- ^ possibly an abbot
- ^ excavated in 2012, under the direction of Professor John Hunter OBE, from the University of Birmingham, using Lottery funding[16]
- ^ after excavation in 2012, they are now at the 20th century chapel of St. Donnan, in Cleadale
- ^ the current mounting in Cleadale deliberately places this side against the wall; an old photograph of the Pictish design is located here
- ^ to the north of Drumnadrochit
- ^ in 1830
- ^ in a field named Dail Sithean – field of the fairy hills (ie. of tumuli)
- ^ which became peat-bog, during later centuries
- ^ during 20th century drainage work; the finds are now in the Edinburgh Royal Museum, like the sword handle from Kildonnan
- ^ re-erected in the 1930s, in a concrete base, having spent some time resting on the walls of the ruined chapel
- ^ foliage on the cross matches a comparable cross from Campbelltown, dating to 1380; Ranald was nearing the end of his life at that time
- ^ known traditional locations are, in order, Crois Moraig (Cross of Mary, at Grulin), Crois Mor (Big cross, at Kildonnan), Glac an Dorchadais (Hollow of darkness, in the middle of Eigg's central valley), and Druim na Croise (Ridge of the cross, near Howlin)
- ^ his reasons are totally unknown
- ^ not described in detail by surviving records
- ^ and newly granting him Moidart – hence the name Moidartach
- ^ English translation from Lowland Scots: "a good land with a parish church and many gannets; very good for sheep, with a good harbour for Highland galleys".[27]
- ^ some sources translate the Gaelic Uamh Fhraing as Cave of Francis[28]
- ^ It is no more than 0.65 m (2 ft 1+1⁄2 in) height, requiring one to crawl for 7 metres (23 ft) before the cave opens out
- ^ either by smoke inhalation, or oxygen deprivation
- ^ despite external appearances, the interior of the cave is large; the length is approximately 79 metres (259 ft), the width 8 metres (26 ft) and height 6 metres (20 ft)
- ^ for example, by Boswell in 1773, by Sir Walter Scott in 1814, and Hugh Miller in 1845
- ^ by 1854
- ^ as happened in 2017, when tourists discovered bones that turned out to be from a single 16 year old.[32]
- ^ the offence was the use of Spaniards, not the violence and arson
- Elizabeth I of England's heir, and Elizabeth's desire for the MacLeans to assist her against Irish rebels, wider considerations may have been at play here[34]
- ^ In gaelic, his name is Conchobhair mac-an-Bháird
- ^ unlike sheela na gigs, there is no haggishness to the face, and the arms are resting centralling, rather than pulling apart
- ^ by inscription
- ^ to whom a traditional lament is dedicated – [1]
- ^ Clan Ranald traditions claim he tampered with the log to cover them up[36]
- ^ aboard the Commerce
- ^ the price was £15,000
- ^ in 1910
- ^ in 1910
- ^ Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford, between 1925 and 1966 (sold by his sons, after Runciman's death in 1949)
- ^ for a quarter of a million pounds
- ^ which grew by only 4%, to a population of 103,702
- Citations
- ^ "Map of Scotland in Scots - Guide and gazetteer" (PDF).
- ^ 2011 census.
- ^ "New baby helps boost Isle of Eigg's population". BBC News. 18 April 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
- ^ a b c Haswell-Smith (2004) pp. 134–35
- ^ Ordnance Survey. OS Maps Online (Map). 1:25,000. Leisure.
- ^ 60 Minutes (US TV series), 26 November 2017
- ^ a b "The 20 Most Beautiful Islands to visit in Scotland". Condé Nast Traveler. 26 April 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ "History A Snapshot of the Small Isles History". Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
- ^ a b c Bernabe, Danielle (26 April 2019). "Visit a wild and beautiful Scottish island owned by its residents". www.nationalgeographic.com. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
- PMID 30679443.
- ^ "Eigg beach runner stumbles on dinosaur bone". BBC. 26 August 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- .
- ^ "1:50000 Sheet 60 (Scotland) Rum Solid and Drift Geology". BGS mapping portal. British Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
- ^ Harvie-Brown, J. A. and Buckley, T. E. (1892), A Vertebrate Fauna of Argyll and the Inner Hebrides. Pub. David Douglas., Edinburgh. Facing P. LVI.
- ^ Broderick G., 2013, Some Island Names in the Former 'Kingdom of the Isles': A Reappraisal. The Journal of Scottish Name Studies 7:1-28.
- ^ Munro, Alistair (14 August 2012). "Monastery where Christian saint was martyred is uncovered on Eigg". The Scotsman. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ John Hunter, Excavations at Kildonnan, Eigg, 2012, University of Birmingham
- ^ "Eigg, Laig". [[Canmore (database)|]]. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ Kingship and Unity, Scotland 1000–1306, G. W. S. Barrow, Edinburgh University Press, 1981
- ^ Galloglas: Hebridean and West Highland Mercenary Warrior Kindreds in Medieval Ireland, John Marsden, 2003
- ^ Lismore: The Great Garden, Robert Hay, 2009, Birlinn Ltd
- ^ Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 90 (1956–1957), A.A.M. Duncan, A.L Brown, pages 204-205
- ^ The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard, R. A. McDonald, 1997, Tuckwell Press
- ^ a b Rixson (2001) page 93.
- ^ Macdonald, Angus and Archibald, The Clan Donald, 1896p. 134
- ^ Gregory, Donald (1836), History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland, from A.D. 1493 to A.D. 1625, with a brief introductory sketch, from A.D. 80 to A.D. 1493, Edinburgh, W. Tait, retrieved 11 May 2012, p. 65
- ^ Munro, D. (1818) Description of the Western Isles of Scotland called Hybrides, by Mr. Donald Munro, High Dean of the Isles, who travelled through most of them in the year 1549. Miscellanea Scotica, 2. Quoted in Banks (1977) p. 190
- ^ Some sources translate the Gaelic Uamh Fhraing as the Cave of Francis. (Macpherson, Norman. Notes on antiquities from the island of Eigg, Edinburgh University.) Archived 11 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c Banks (1977) pp. 56–67
- ISBN 978-0-300-10098-3. p. 14
- ^ a b Lynn Forest-Hill, "Underground Man", Times Literary Supplement 14 January 2011 p. 15
- ISSN 0003-8113. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
- ^ Maureen Meikle, The Scottish People 1490–1625, Lulu.com, 2013, p. 146
- ^ John Lorne Campbell, Canna: The Story of a Hebridean Island, 2014, Birlinn Ltd
- ^ Ruined Church at Kildonnan, Canmore (Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland)
- ^ a b Allan I. MacInnes, Clan Massacres and British State Formation, in The Massacre in History, edited by Mark Levene / Penny Roberts, Berghahn Books, 1999
- ^ Odo Blundell (1917), The Catholic Highlands of Scotland, Volume II, pp. 192-193.
- ^ Massacre and Cathedral Caves, Walk Highlands.
- ^ Walk: Eigg caves – massacres & masses
- ^ Odo Blundell (1917), The Catholic Highlands of Scotland, Volume II, pp. 198-199.
- ^ Campbell (1971), Highland Songs of the Forty-Five, p. 39.
- ^ Robert Forbes (1895), The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume III, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Pages 84-88.
- ^ Derek S. Thomson (1983), The Companion to Gaelic Scotland, page 169.
- ^ Edited by Natasha Sumner and Aidan Doyle (2020), North American Gaels: Speech, Song, and Story in the Diaspora, McGill-Queen's University Press. Pages 288-289.
- ^ Father Charles MacDonald (2011), Moidart: Among the Clanranalds, Birlinn Books. Pages 133-137.
- ^ Christopher C. Wehner (2008), The 11th Wisconsin in the Civil War: A Regimental History, McFarland. Page 158, 163, 171.
- ^ "Eachdraidh mu Dhòmhnallaich Lathaig". Tobar an Dualchais. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ Ronald Black (2002), Eilein na h-Òige: The Poems of Fr. Alllan MacDonald, Mungo Books. Page 64.
- ^ a b c d e Arlidge, John (28 January 1994). "Eigg owner says violent campaign has made him sell". The Independent. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ "Maruma, the mysterious laird of Eigg".
- ISBN 978-1854108029.[page needed]
- ^ "Scotland's 2011 census: Island living on the rise". BBC News. 15 August 2013. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- ^ a b c Scott, Kirsty (4 August 2003). "Scrambled Dreams on Eigg". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ Patrick Barkham (26 September 2017). "This island is not for sale: how Eigg fought back". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
- ^ Kroft, Steve (26 November 2017). "The Isle of Eigg". CBS News.
- ^ Kroft, Steve (24 June 2018). "60 Minutes' adventure to the Isle of Eigg". CBS News.
- ^ "Eigg Shop and Post Office" Archived 2009-06-05 at the Wayback Machine Isle of Eigg Heritage Trust. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
- ^ "A'Nead Hand Knitwear" anead-knitwear.co.uk. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
- ^ "Island Ferry and timetable > Isle of Eigg". arisaig.co.uk. Arisaig Marina. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ "A newborn baby pushes a tiny, fascinating Scottish island's population to 105 (we think)". TheJournal.ie. 23 April 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ Baynes, Richard (13 August 2016). "The islanders who took control and transformed beaten Eigg". The Herald. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ "60 Minutes adventure to the Isle of Eigg". CBS News. 8 September 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ "Eigg's community response to COVID-19". Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- ^ "Eigg Electric". Friends of the Earth Scotland. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
- ^ Annie Smith (13 November 2018). "Eigg Toasts New Ultracapacitor System and Unscrambles the Power Grid". Ochaye6dot5. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
- ^ Ross, John (31 January 2008). "Island finally turns on to green mains Eigg-tricity". The Scotsman. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ "Isle of Eigg, Inner Hebrides, Scotland - 2007" Wind and Sun Ltd. Retrieved 20 September 2007. Archived 1 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Island energised by lottery cash". BBC News. 16 November 2005. Retrieved 20 September 2007.
- ^ "Green Eigg islanders earn place in UK's Big Challenge says Press and Journal" islandsgoinggreen.org. Retrieved 23 September 2009.
- ^ "Take Giant Green Footsteps to Eigg's Family Festival" Archived 24 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Senscot. Retrieved 23 September 2009.
- ^ Ottery, Christine (1 July 2010). "Eigg Islanders win top prize for green living". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Scotland: Highlands". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ^ "Eigg-ceptional summer". Scottish Wildlife (November 2007) No. 63 page 4.
- ^ "Bird watching on Eigg" Archived 2009-02-23 at the Wayback Machine Isle of Eigg Heritage Trust. Retrieved 27 December 2007.
- General references
- Banks, Noel, (1977) Six Inner Hebrides. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-7368-4
- Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7.
- Barkham, Patrick (26 September 2017). "This island is not for sale: how Eigg fought back". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
External links
56°54′N 6°10′W / 56.900°N 6.167°W
- The island's website
- Geology of Eigg
- BBC Radio 4 – Open Country
- BBC Action Network - My story: Bringing power to the people
- Ashden Awards Case Study, video and photographs Archived 31 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- Book about the role of incomers on the island and photogallery
- The Cruise of the Betsey- Account of Miller's voyage.
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). "Eigg". The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.