History of the Jews in Angola
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The recorded history of the Jews in Angola stretches from the Middle Ages to modern times. A very small community of Jews lives in Angola mostly in the capital city of Luanda with a handful scattered elsewhere of mixed origins and backgrounds. There are also a number of transitory Israeli businesspeople living in Angola.[1]
Background
Angola is a country in southwestern Africa. From the fifteenth century, Portuguese colonists began trading there and a settlement was established at Luanda during the sixteenth century. Portugal annexed territories in the region which were ruled as a colony from 1655, and Angola was incorporated as an overseas province of Portugal in 1951. After the Angolan War of Independence (1961–1974) Angola's independence was achieved on 11 November 1975.
Middle Ages
Some historians have noted the presence of
Some historians claim that
Angola as a center of "Judaizers"
Historians record that there are a number of cases of Portuguese New Christians, such as Gaspar de Robles, Manuel Alvarez Pricto, testifying in the Americas that they were introduced to "Judaizing" by relatives and friends while in Angola, many attesting they were introduced to the "Law of Moses" in Angola.[4][5]
Early Modern history
Mariana Pequena, a black woman from Angola, was exported as a slave to Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in the late seventeenth century. After obtaining her freedom in Brazil, she began a relationship with a white Portuguese New Christian chose to convert to "Judaism" (perhaps meaning: Crypto-Judaism). In her confession, she revealed the full extent of her network which included many fellow believers. In 1711, being "accused of Judaism" she was condemned by the Portuguese Inquisition in Lisbon for her beliefs.[6]
Some of the
Modern history
There was a suggestion to create a Jewish "colony" or
In 2014 the Chabad Lubavitch movement opened a Chabad house in Luanda with many Jews in attendance.[13][14]
Angola–Israel relations
In August 2012, the Angolan chancellor made a three-day visit to Jerusalem, where the governments of Angola and Israel ratified in Tel Aviv an agreement to strengthen the bonds between both countries. Israeli President Shimon Peres said that this should be based on the fields of science and technology, economy, and security, and the Angolan chancellor expressed the desire to continue with the bilateral cooperation in health, agriculture, science and technology, and the formation of Angolan experts.[20]
A 2018 report in the
Arcadi Gaydamak
In a 2006 article titled "Luanda Made Him a Billionaire and a Diplomat" in the Israeli newspaper
Angolagate
In October 2009,
See also
References
- ^ Sub Saharan African Synagogues and Architecture. "Sub-Saharan African Synagogues: LOCATING THE BUILDINGS AND JEWISH COMMUNITIES: Angola". africansynagogues.org. African Synagogues. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ Green, Toby. "Creole Societies in the Portuguese Colonial Empire: The Role of the Portuguese Trading Posts in Guinea and Angola in the "Apostasy" of Crypto-Jews in the 17th Century". cambridgescholars.com. cambridge Scholars. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ISBN 9780190613457. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ISBN 978-9004170407. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ Quevedo, Ricardo Escobar. "The Inquisition and Judaizers in Spanish America (1569–1649): Cartagena in an Era of Networking". cairn-int.info. Cairn International. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ Kananoja, Kalle. "Mariana Pequena, a black Angolan jew in early eighteenth-century Rio de Janeiro". eui.eu. European University Institute. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ Homelands and Diasporas: Perspectives on Jewish Culture in the Mediterranean. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2018. p. 9.
- .
- ^ JTA Archive May 6, 1934. "Angola Again Being Discussed As Possible Haven for Jewish Exiles". jta.org. JTA. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
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: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - )
- ^ Berdichevsky, Norman. "The rise, fall and rehabilitation of Garcia de Orta". portvitoria.com. Port Vitoria. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ JTA. "Between the Lines". jta.org. JTA. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
- ^ Schwartz, Karen. "A Grand Day for Angola Jews, Complete With a New Torah". chabad.org. Chabad.org. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
- ^ COLlive reporter. "Chabad to Open Center in Angola: Historic: The African country of Angola will have permanent Chabad Shluchim: Rabbi Levi and Devorah Leah Chekly". collive.com. CO Live. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (1988). The Israeli Connection: Whom Israel Arms and Why. p. 65.
- Jerusalem Post, 10 August 2010
- ^ "AngolaDigital Negocios – Offline". Angoladigital.net. Archived from the original on 2014-12-25. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
- ^ "Embaixada de Israel em Angola". Embassies.gov.il. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
- ^ Hartman, Ben (2010-04-30). "Was diplomat denied post in Angola because he is openly gay? – Israel – Jerusalem Post". Jpost.com. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
- ^ "Angola and Israel Advocate to Strengthen Cooperation". Radio Cadena Agromante. August 1, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
- ^ Algemeiner Staff. "Ambassador: Israel to Invest $60 Million in Angola, Including Solar Power Plant". algemeiner.com. Algemeiner Journal. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ Melman, Yossi. "Luanda Made Him a Billionaire and a Diplomat". haaretz.com. Haaretz. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ Von Derschau, Verena (2009-10-27). "Ex-French minister gets jail in Angola arms trial". Associated Press. Retrieved 2009-10-27.[dead link]
- ^ Sage, Adam (Oct 28, 2009). "French establishment players convicted over arms to Angola scandal". The Times.
- ^ Shirbon, Estelle (Oct 27, 2009). "French power brokers convicted over arms to Angola". Reuters.