LGBT rights organization
The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (January 2023) |
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History
Early history
The first LGBT rights organizations began to emerge in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Early organizations were primarily research-oriented psychiatric organizations that took a sympathetic, rather than a corrective, approach to homosexuality. The Uranian Union was an organization initiated by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs in 1865 with which he urged for the repeal of anti homosexual laws.[1][2] The Scientific-Humanitarian Committee (Wissenschaftlich-humanitäres Komitee, WhK) was founded in 1897 by Magnus Hirschfeld, the first outspoken advocacy group for LGBT and women's rights in Germany.[3]
1950's: Organizations Begin
The Mattachine Society
Founded in 1950 by Harry Hay the Mattachine Society (also called Mattachine Foundation) was one of the first LGBT rights groups in the United States. Its members began as communist-affiliated leftists and the society was a key member in the 1950s Homophile movement.[4]
The Lavender Scare
Taking place from the 1940s into the 1960s, the "
Early 20th century
Early LGBT organizations in the United States were, like earlier German organizations, primarily centered around the rights of gay men.
The first lesbian rights organization in the US was founded in 1955. The Daughters of Bilitis was founded in San Francisco, California, by activist couple Del Martin and Phyllis Lyon.[7] In 1965, The Imperial Council of San Francisco was formed by José Sarria. In 1966, National Transsexual Counseling Unit was formed in San Francisco.[8]
Post-Stonewall
In the wake of the
AIDS crisis
In 1981, American doctors began using
21st century
The twenty-first century saw a dramatic rise in LGBT organizations and acceptance in the U.S.
Tremendous progress has been made over the beginning of the 21st century, though equal rights are only beginning for the LGBT community. Some notable organizations have had an impact for almost half a century and are still cornerstones today, including the Human Rights Campaign.[15] They stand for equal rights and have advocated for the legalization of same-sex marriage since 1995. The Human Rights Campaign has recently elected its first Black and Queer president (University of Missouri alumnae), Kelley Robinson. The National Black Justice Coalition has been monumental in advocacy for the Black LGBT community. They have been influential in policy-making and community outreach/education since 2003.[16] Starting in 1998, The Trevor Project began their mission of ending death by suicide in the LGBT community. This organization is now a leading crisis intervention service nationwide.[17]
See also
- List of LGBT-related organizations
References
- ISBN 978-1-59021-392-6. Retrieved 2023-02-24.
- ISBN 978-0-7582-0100-3. Retrieved 2023-02-24.
- ^ Morris, Bonnie. "History of Lesbian, Gay, & Bisexual Social Movements". American Psychological Association. American Psychological Association. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
- ^ Metcalf, Meg. "Research Guides: LGBTQIA+ Studies: A Resource Guide: The Mattachine Society". guides.loc.gov. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ ""These People Are Frightened to Death"". National Archives. 2016-08-15. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ "The Society for Human Rights". Legacy Project Chicago. Retrieved 2022-09-19.
- ^ a b "The American Gay Rights Movement". infoplease. Sandbox Networks, Inc. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
- ^ "1966 The National Transgender Counseling Unit..." LGBTQ Timeline in the US. Sutori. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
- ^ Garretson, Jeremiah J. The Path to Gay Rights: How Activism and Coming out Changed Public Opinion. New York University Press, 2018.
- . Retrieved 17 August 2023.
- ISBN 9781135457549. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
- ^ Upgrow. "AIDS History: A Timeline of the AIDS Crisis 1980s: SFGMC." San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus, San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus, 26 Oct. 2022, https://www.sfgmc.org/blog/aids-crisis-1980s.
- ^ "Ronald Reagan and AIDS: Correcting the Record | Realclearpolitics". https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2014/06/01/ronald_reagan_and_aids_correcting_the_record_122806.html.
- ^ Lawson, Richard. "The Reagan Administration's Unearthed Response to the AIDS Crisis Is Chilling." Vanity Fair, Vanity Fair, 1 Dec. 2015, https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2015/11/reagan-administration-response-to-aids-crisis.
- ^ "Human Rights Campaign". Human Rights Campaign. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ "About Us_". NBJC. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ "Strategic Plan & Mission". The Trevor Project. Retrieved 2022-11-01.