Seleucid dynasty

Seleucids Σελευκίδαι
Persia
Founded	312 BC
Founder	Seleucus I
Final ruler	Philip II Philoromaeus
Titles	Lord of Asia Shahanshah Persia Basileus of Syria King of Babylonia King of Armenia Macedon (claimed)
Dissolution	64 BC
Cadet branches	Diodotid dynasty (Bactria)(?)

1407–1468

1378–1508

1501–1722

1526–1857

1722–1729

1736–1750

1750–1794

1794–1826

1794–1925

Periods and dynasties of Babylon
All years are BC
Amorite dynasty	I	c. 1894–1595
First Sealand dynasty	II	c. 1732–1475

c. 1894–1595

First Sealand dynasty

c. 1732–1475

**Seleucid Rulers**
King	Reign (BC)	Consort(s)	Comments
Seleucus I Nicator	Satrap 320–315, 312–305 BC King 305–281 BC	Apama
Antiochus I Soter	co-ruler from 291, ruled 281–261 BC	Stratonice of Syria	Co-ruler with his father for 10 years.
Antiochus II Theos	261–246 BC	Berenice	Berenice was a daughter of Ptolemy II of Egypt. Laodice I had her and her son murdered.
Seleucus II Callinicus	246–225 BC	Laodice II
Seleucus III Ceraunus (or Soter)	225–223 BC		Seleucus III was assassinated by members of his army.
Antiochus III the Great	223–187 BC	Laodice III Euboea of Chalcis	Antiochus III was a brother of Seleucus III.
Seleucus IV Philopator	187–175 BC	Laodice IV	This was a brother-sister marriage.
Antiochus (son of Seleucus IV)	175–170 BC		Antiochus IV as co-ruler.
Antiochus IV Epiphanes	175–163 BC	Laodice IV	This was a brother-sister marriage.
Antiochus V Eupator	163–161 BC
Demetrius I Soter	161–150 BC	Apama ? Laodice V?	Son of Seleucus IV Philopator and Laodice IV.
Alexander I Balas	150–145 BC	Cleopatra Thea	Son of Antiochus IV and Laodice IV.
Demetrius II Nicator	first reign, 145–138 BC	Cleopatra Thea	Son of Demetrius I.
Antiochus VI Dionysus (or Epiphanes)	145–140 BC?		Son of Alexander Balas and Cleopatra Thea.
Diodotus Tryphon	140–138 BC		General who was a regent for Antiochus VI Dionysus. Took the throne after murdering his charge.
Antiochus VII Sidetes (or Euergetes)	138–129 BC	Cleopatra Thea	Son of Demetrius I.
Demetrius II Nicator	second reign, 129–126 BC	Cleopatra Thea	Demetrius was murdered at the instigation of his wife Cleopatra Thea.
Alexander II Zabinas	129–123 BC		Counter-king who claimed to be an adoptive son of Antiochus VII Sidetes.
Cleopatra Thea	126–121 BC		Daughter of Ptolemy VI of Egypt. Married to three kings: Alexander Balas, Demetrius II Nicator, and Antiochus VII Sidetes. Mother of Antiochus VI, Seleucus V, Antiochus VIII Grypus, and Antiochus IX Cyzicenus. Coregent with Antiochus VIII Grypus.
Seleucus V Philometor	126/125 BC		Murdered by his mother Cleopatra Thea.
Antiochus VIII Grypus	125–96 BC	Cleopatra Selene I of Egypt
Antiochus IX Cyzicenus	114–96 BC	Cleopatra Selene I of Egypt
Seleucus VI Epiphanes Nicator	96–95 BC
Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator	95–92 BC or 83 BC	Cleopatra Selene I
Demetrius III Eucaerus (or Philopator)	95–87 BC
Antiochus XI Epiphanes Philadelphus	95–92 BC
Philip I Philadelphus	95–84/83 BC
Antiochus XII Dionysus	87–84 BC
Seleucus VII	83–69 BC
Antiochus XIII Asiaticus	69–64 BC
Philip II Philoromaeus	65–63 BC

Seleucid Rulers

Portrait

King

Reign (BC)

Consort(s)

Comments

Seleucus I Nicator

Satrap 320–315, 312–305 BC
King 305–281 BC

Apama

Antiochus I Soter

co-ruler from 291, ruled 281–261 BC

Stratonice of Syria

Co-ruler with his father for 10 years.

Antiochus II Theos

261–246 BC

Berenice

Berenice was a daughter of Ptolemy II of Egypt. Laodice I had her and her son murdered.

Seleucus II Callinicus

246–225 BC

Laodice II

Seleucus III Ceraunus (or Soter)

225–223 BC

Seleucus III was assassinated by members of his army.

Antiochus III the Great

223–187 BC

Laodice III
Euboea of Chalcis

Antiochus III was a brother of Seleucus III.

Seleucus IV Philopator

187–175 BC

Laodice IV

This was a brother-sister marriage.

Antiochus (son of Seleucus IV)

175–170 BC

Antiochus IV as co-ruler.

Antiochus IV Epiphanes

175–163 BC

Laodice IV

This was a brother-sister marriage.

Antiochus V Eupator

163–161 BC

Demetrius I Soter

161–150 BC

Apama ?
Laodice V?

Son of Seleucus IV Philopator and Laodice IV.

Alexander I Balas

150–145 BC

Cleopatra Thea

Son of Antiochus IV and Laodice IV.

Demetrius II Nicator

first reign, 145–138 BC

Cleopatra Thea

Son of Demetrius I.

Antiochus VI Dionysus (or Epiphanes)

145–140 BC?

Son of Alexander Balas and Cleopatra Thea.

Diodotus Tryphon

140–138 BC

General who was a regent for Antiochus VI Dionysus. Took the throne after murdering his charge.

Antiochus VII Sidetes (or Euergetes)

138–129 BC

Cleopatra Thea

Son of Demetrius I.

Demetrius II Nicator

second reign, 129–126 BC

Cleopatra Thea

Demetrius was murdered at the instigation of his wife Cleopatra Thea.

Alexander II Zabinas

129–123 BC

Counter-king who claimed to be an adoptive son of Antiochus VII Sidetes.

Cleopatra Thea

126–121 BC

Daughter of Ptolemy VI of Egypt. Married to three kings: Alexander Balas, Demetrius II Nicator, and Antiochus VII Sidetes. Mother of Antiochus VI, Seleucus V, Antiochus VIII Grypus, and Antiochus IX Cyzicenus. Coregent with Antiochus VIII Grypus.

Seleucus V Philometor

126/125 BC

Murdered by his mother Cleopatra Thea.

Antiochus VIII Grypus

125–96 BC

Cleopatra Selene I
of Egypt

Antiochus IX Cyzicenus

114–96 BC

Cleopatra Selene I
of Egypt

Seleucus VI Epiphanes Nicator

96–95 BC

Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator

95–92 BC or 83 BC

Cleopatra Selene I

Demetrius III Eucaerus (or Philopator)

95–87 BC

Antiochus XI Epiphanes Philadelphus

95–92 BC

Philip I Philadelphus

95–84/83 BC

Antiochus XII Dionysus

87–84 BC

Seleucus VII

83–69 BC

Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

69–64 BC

Philip II Philoromaeus

65–63 BC

Footnotes

References

Sources

External links

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v t e Hellenistic rulers
Argeads	Philip II Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV
Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes
Antigonids	Antigonus I Monophthalmus Demetrius I Poliorcetes Antigonus II Gonatas Demetrius II Aetolicus Antigonus III Doson Philip V Perseus Philip VI (pretender)
Ptolemies	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Monarchs of Cyrene	Magas Berenice II Demetrius the Fair Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy Apion Cleopatra Selene II
Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Ceraunus Antiochus III the Great Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Cleopatra Thea Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Cleopatra Selene I Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
Lysimachids	Lysimachus Ptolemy Epigonos
Attalids	Philetaerus Eumenes I Attalus I Eumenes II Attalus II Attalus III Eumenes III
Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I
Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenos Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebius Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II Strato III
Monarchs of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoetes I Nicomedes I Zipoetes II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus
Monarchs of Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos with Laodice Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II
Monarchs of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV
Monarchs of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus
Monarchs of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Paerisades I Satyros II Prytanis Eumelos Spartokos III Hygiainon (regent) Paerisades II Spartokos IV Leukon II Spartokos V Kamasarye Paerisades III Paerisades IV Paerisades V Mithridates I Pharnaces Dynamis Mithridates II Dynamis Dynamis Dynamis with Polemon Polemon Aspurgus Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I
Monarchs of Epirus	Admetus Tharrhypas Alcetas I Neoptolemus I Arybbas Alexander I Aeacides Neoptolemus II Alcetas II Pyrrhus I Alexander II Olympias II (regent) Pyrrhus II Ptolemy Pyrrhus III Deidamia
Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.

Seleucid dynasty

History

Background

Seleucid rulers

Family tree

See also

Footnotes

References

Sources

External links