User:RandomCritic/Sandbox
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Slavic month names
| Latin | Belarussian | Bulgarian | Croatian | Czech | Macedonian | Polish | Slovenian |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Januarius | Studzen' | Prosinets | Siječanj | leden | |||
| Februarius | Lyuty | Veljača | únor | ||||
| Martius | Sakavik | Sukh | Ožujak | březen | |||
| Aprilis | Krasavik | Bryazok | Travanj | duben | |||
| Majus | Traven' | Truven | Svibanj | květen | |||
| Junius | Cherven' | Lipanj | červen | ||||
| Julius | Lipen' | Srpanj | červenec | ||||
| Augustus | Zhniven' | Kolovoz | srpen | ||||
| September | Verasen' | Ruyi/Ruyen | Rujan | září | |||
| October | Kastrychnik | Listopad | Listopad | říjen | |||
| November | Listapad | Gruden | Studeni | listopad | |||
| December | Snezhan' | Studen | Prosinac | prosinec |
Timeline of planetary encounters
1960s
- May 19, 1961 — Venera 1 flies by Venus. No data returned.
- December 14, 1962 — Mariner 2 flies by Venus. First data returned from another planet.
- June 19, 1963 — Mars 1 flies by Mars. No data returned.
- July 14 (approximately), 1964 — Zond 1 flies by Venus. No data returned.
- July 15, 1965 — Mariner 4 flies by Mars and returns image data.
- August 6, 1965 — Zond 2 flies by Mars. No data returned.
- February 27, 1966 — Venera 2 flies by Venus. No data returned.
- March 1, 1966 — Venera 3 impacts Venus. No data returned.
- October 18, 1967 — Venera 4 enters Venus' atmosphere.
- October 19, 1967 — Mariner 5 flies by Venus.
- May 16, 1969 — Venera 5 enters Venus' atmosphere.
- May 17, 1969 — Venera 6 enters Venus' atmosphere.
- Mariner 6flies by Mars.
- Mariner 7flies by Mars.
1970s
- December 15, 1970 — Venera 7 lands on Venus.
- November 14, 1971 — Mariner 9 enters orbit around Mars, the first man-made object to orbit another planet.
- November 27, 1971 — Mars 2 lander impacts Mars in failed soft landing attempt, the first man-made object on Mars. The Mars 2 orbiter continues functioning until August 22, 1972.
- December 2, 1971 — Mars 3 lander lands on Mars, but contact is lost immediately afterwards.
- July 22, 1972 — Venera 8 lander lands on Venus.
- December 3, 1973 — Pioneer 10 probe flies by Jupiter.
- February 5, 1974 — Mariner 10 flies by Venus en route to Mercury. First gravity assist.
- February 10, 1974 — Mars 4 flies by Mars after failing to enter Mars orbit.
- February 12, 1974 — Mars 5 Orbiter enters Martian orbit.
- March 9, 1974 — Mars 7 lander flies by Mars after being released prematurely.
- March 12, 1974 — Mars 6 lander crashes on Mars while its bus flies by.
- March 29, 1974 — Mariner 10 flies by Mercury for the first time.
- September 21, 1974 — Mariner 10 flies by Mercury the second time.
- December 4, 1974 — Pioneer 11 probe flies by Jupiter.
- March 16, 1975 — Mariner 10 flies by Mercury the third time.
- October 20, 1975 — Venera 9 orbiter enters Venusian orbit.
- October 22, 1975 — Venera 9 lander lands on Venus.
- October 23, 1975 — Venera 10 orbiter enters Venusian orbit.
- October 25, 1975 — Venera 10 lander lands on Venus.
- June 19, 1976 — Viking 1 Orbiter enters Martian orbit.
- July 20, 1976 — Viking 1 Lander lands on Mars.
- August 7, 1976 — Viking 2 Orbiter enters Martian orbit.
- September 3, 1976 — Viking 2 Lander lands on Mars.
- Pioneer VenusOrbiter enters Venusian orbit.
- Pioneer VenusMultiprobe enters Venus' atmosphere.
- December 19, 1978 — Venera 12 bus flies by Venus.
- December 21, 1978 — Venera 12 lander lands on Venus.
- December 25, 1978 — Venera 11 lander lands on Venus, bus flies by.
- March 5, 1979 — Voyager 1 probe flies by Jupiter.
- July 9, 1979 — Voyager 2 probe flies by Jupiter.
- September 1, 1979 — Pioneer 11 flies by Saturn.
1980s
- November 12, 1980 — Voyager 1 flies by Saturn.
- August 5, 1981 — Voyager 2 flies by Saturn.
- March 1, 1982 — Venera 13 lands on Venus, bus flies by.
- March 5, 1982 — Venera 14 lands on Venus, bus flies by.
- October 10, 1983 — Venera 15 enters Venusian orbit.
- October 14, 1983 — Venera 16 enters Venusian orbit.
- June 11, 1985 — Vega 1 lander lands on Venus and balloon deploys in Venusian atmosphere. Vega 1 probe flies by Venus.
- June 15, 1985 — Vega 2 lander lands on Venus and balloon deploys in Venusian atmosphere. Vega 2 probe flies by Venus.
- Comet Giacobini-Zinner
- January 24, 1986 — Voyager 2 flies by Uranus.
- March 6 to March 28, 1986: The "Halley Armada" fly by Comet Halley:
- January 29, 1989 — Phobos 2 enters Martian orbit but fails to deploy landers for landing on Phobos.
- August 25, 1989 — Voyager 2 flies by Neptune.
1990s
- February 10, 1990 — Galileo flies by Venus en route to Jupiter.
- MagellanOrbiter enters Venusian orbit.
- October 29, 1991 — Galileo flies by asteroid 951 Gaspra en route to Jupiter.
- Ulyssesflies by Jupiter.
- August 24, 1993 — Mars Observer flies by Mars or enters Martian orbit. Contact is lost prior to encounter.
- August 28, 1993 — Galileo flies by asteroid 243 Ida en route to Jupiter.
- December 7, 1995 — Galileo orbiter enters Jovian orbit.
- June 27, 1997 — NEAR flies by asteroid 253 Mathilde.
- July 4, 1997 — Mars Pathfinder lands on Mars.
- September 11, 1997 — Mars Global Surveyor enters Martian orbit.
- Cassiniflies by Venus for the first time en route to Saturn.
- December 23, 1998 — NEAR flies by asteroid 433 Eros but fails to enter Erotian orbit.
- Cassiniflies by Venus for the second time en route to Saturn.
- July 29, 1999 — Deep Space 1 flew by asteroid 9969 Braille but failed to return close-up images.
- September 23, 1999 — Mars Climate Orbiter makes uncontrolled descent through Martian atmosphere and is lost.
- December 3, 1999 — Mars Polar Lander enters Martian atmosphere; contact is lost.
2000s
Moon probes
Byflights
| Spacecraft | Date | Type | Notes | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Luna 1 | January 4, 1959 | flyby | first spacecraft in the vicinity of the Moon (flew within 5,995 km, but probably an intended impactor) | [1] |
| Pioneer 4 | March 4, 1959 | flyby | achieved distant flyby; first US probe to enter solar orbit | [2] |
| Luna 3 | October 6, 1959 | flyby | first images from the lunar farside | [3] |
| Ranger 3 | January 28, 1962 | impactor | missed target | [4] |
| Ranger 5 | October 21, 1962 | impactor | power failure, missed target | [5] |
| Luna 4 | April 5, 1963 | lander? | missed target, became Earth satellite | [6] |
| Luna 6 | June 8, 1965 | lander | missed Moon | [7] |
| Zond 3 | July 20, 1965 | flyby | successful flyby | [8] |
| Zond 5 | September 18, 1968 | flyby | bioscience experiments | [9] |
| Zond 6 | November 14, 1968 | flyby | cosmic-ray, micrometeoroid and bioscience studies | [10] |
| Zond 7 | August 11, 1969 | flyby | returned to soft landing on Earth | [11] |
| Zond 8 | October 24, 1970 | flyby | returned to soft landing on Earth | [12] |
| Mariner 10 | November 1973 | flyby | en route to Venus and Mercury | [13] |
| ICE (formerly ISEE3) | December 22, 1983 | flyby | gravity assist en route to comet flybys | [14] |
AsiaSat 3
|
May/June 1998 | errant communications satellite, flew within 6,200 kilometers of Moon during orbit correction manoeuvres | [15] | |
| Nozomi | September 24, 1998 | flyby | gravity assists on planned mission to Mars | [16] |
| December 18, 1998 | flyby |
Orbiters
| Spacecraft | Date | Type | Notes | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Luna 10 | April 3, 1966 – May 30, 1966 |
orbiter | [17] | |
| Explorer 33 | July 1, 1966 – September 15, 1971 |
orbiter | studied interplanetary plasma, cosmic rays, magnetic fields and solar X rays; failed to attain lunar orbit as intended, but achieved mission objectives from Earth orbit | [18] |
| Lunar Orbiter 1 | August 14, 1966 – October 29, 1966 |
orbiter | photographic mapping of lunar surface; intentionally impacted after completion of mission | [19] |
| Luna 11 | August 28, 1966 – October 1, 1966 |
orbiter | [20] | |
| Luna 12 | October 25, 1966 – January 19, 1967 |
orbiter | [21] | |
| Lunar Orbiter 2 | November 10, 1966 – October 11, 1967 |
orbiter | photographic mapping of lunar surface; intentionally impacted after completion of mission | [22] |
| Lunar Orbiter 3 | February 8, 1967 – October 9, 1967 |
orbiter | photographic mapping of lunar surface; intentionally impacted after completion of mission | [23] |
| Lunar Orbiter 4 | May–October 1967 | orbiter | lunar photographic survey | [24] |
| Explorer 35 | July 1967 – June 24, 1973 |
orbiter | studies of interplanetary plasma, magnetic fields, energetic particles and solar X rays | [25] |
| Lunar Orbiter 5 | August 5, 1967 – January 31, 1968 |
orbiter | lunar photographic survey; intentionally impacted after completion of mission | [26] |
| Luna 14 | April 10, 1968 – ? | orbiter | [27] | |
| Luna 19 | October 3, 1971 – October 1972 |
orbiter | [28] | |
| Explorer 49 | June 15, 1973 – June 1975 |
orbiter | radio astronomy observations; last US lunar mission until 1994 | [29] |
| Luna 22 | June 2, 1974 – November 1974 |
orbiter | [30] | |
| Hiten | February–April 1993 | orbiter | in Moon-crossing Earth orbit from January 1990, later transferred to lunar orbit after failure of Hagoromo; intentionally impacted on Moon at end of mission | [31] |
| Hagoromo | March 1990 | orbiter | released by Hiten into lunar orbit, but transmitter failed and orbit never confirmed | |
Clementine
|
February–June 1994 | orbiter | lunar and Earth observations and component testing; planned Geographos flyby failed | [32] |
| Lunar Prospector | January 1998 – July 1999 |
orbiter | lunar surface mapping; intentionally impacted into polar crater at end of mission to test for liberation of water vapour (not detected) | [33] |
| SMART-1 | November 13, 2004 – September 3, 2006 |
orbiter | technology testbed and lunar geological studies; intentionally impacted at end of mission | [34] |
Chang'e 1
|
October 2007 | orbiter | on launch pad | [35] |
| SELENE (Kaguya) |
October 3, 2007 – planned one year mission | orbiter, two co-satellites | in orbit; planned mineralogical, geographical, magnetic and gravitational observations | [36] |
Landers and impactors
| Spacecraft | Date | Type | Status | Notes | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Luna 2 | September 14, 1959 | impactor | success | first impact on Moon | [37] |
| Ranger 4 | April 26, 1962 | impactor | failure | hit the lunar farside; no data returned | [38] |
| Ranger 6 | 2 February, 1964
|
impactor | partial success | impacted, but no pictures returned due to power failure | [39] |
| Ranger 7 | July 31, 1964 | impactor | success | returned pictures up until impact | [40] |
| Ranger 8 | February 20, 1965 | impactor | success | returned pictures up until impact | [41] |
| Ranger 9 | March 24, 1965 | impactor | success | TV broadcast of live pictures up until impact | [42] |
| Luna 5 | May 12, 1965 | lander | failure | crashed into Moon | [43] |
| Luna 7 | October 7, 1965 | lander | failure | crashed into Moon | [44] |
| Luna 8 | December 6, 1965 | lander | failure | crashed into Moon | [45] |
| Luna 9 | February 3, 1966 – February 6, 1966 |
lander | success | first soft landing; first images from the surface | [46] |
| Surveyor 1 | June 2, 1966 | lander | success | first US soft landing; Surveyor program performed various tests in support of forthcoming manned landings | [47] |
| Surveyor 2 | September 23, 1966 | lander | failure | crashed | [48] |
| Luna 13 | December 24, 1966 | lander | success | [49] | |
| Surveyor 3 | April 20, 1967 – May 4, 1967 |
lander | success | [50] | |
| Surveyor 4 | July 17, 1967 | lander | failure | crashed into Moon | [51] |
| Surveyor 5 | September 11, 1967 – December 17, 1967 |
lander | success | [52] | |
| Surveyor 6 | November 10, 1967 – December 14, 1967 |
lander | success | [53] | |
| Surveyor 7 | January 10, 1968 – February 21, 1968 |
lander | success | [54] | |
| Luna 15 | July 21, 1969 | sample return | failure | crashed into Moon | [55] |
| Luna 16 | September 20, 1970 | sample return | success | first robotic sample return | [56] |
| Luna 17 | November 17, 1970 – October 4, 1971 |
lander | success | [57] | |
| Lunokhod 1 | rover | success | first robotic rover; travelled over 10 km | ||
| Luna 18 | September 11, 1971 | lander/sample return? | failure | crashed into Moon | [58] |
| Luna 20 | February 21, 1972 | sample return | success | second successful robotic sample return | [59] |
| Luna 21 | January 15, 1973 – May 1973? |
lander | success | [60] | |
| Lunokhod 2 | rover | success | second robotic rover; travelled 37 km | ||
| Luna 23 | November 6, 1974 | sample return | failure | damaged on landing, sample return failed | [61] |
| Luna 24 | August 18, 1976 | sample return | success | third and final successful sample return in Luna programme | [62] |
Moon features
| Riccioli | Langren | Hevelius |
|---|---|---|
| Insula Ventorum "Isle of Winds" |
||
| Lacus Mortis "Lake of Death" |
||
| Lacus Somniorum "Lake of Dreams" |
||
| Littus Eclipticum "Ecliptic Shore" |
Africæ Pars "Part of Africa" | |
| Mare Crisium | Mare De Moura sive Caspium | Palus Moeotis |
| Mare Fecunditatis "Sea of Fecundity" |
Mare Langrenianum "Langrenian Sea" |
Mare Caspium "Caspian Sea" |
| Mare Frigoris "Sea of Chill" |
Mare Astronomicum "Astronomers' Sea" |
Mare Hyperboreum "Hyperborean Sea" |
| Mare Humorum | Mare Venetum "Venetian Sea" |
Sinus Sirbonis "Sirbonian Gulf" |
| Mare Imbrium "Sea of Showers" |
Mare Austriacum "Austrian Sea" |
Mare Mediterraneum (N) "Mediterranean Sea" |
| Mare Nectarum | Sinus Batauicus | |
| Mare Nubium Sea of Clouds |
Mare Borbonicum "Sea of the Bourbons" |
Mare Pamphilicum "Sea of the Pamphili "
|
| Mare Serenitatis "Sea of Serenity" |
Mare Eugenianum "Sea of Eugene" |
Pontus Euxinus (N) "Black Sea" |
| Mare Tranquilitatis "Sea of Tranquility" |
Mare Belgicum "Dutch Sea" |
Pontus Euxinus (S) "Black Sea" |
| Mare Vaporum | Fretum Catholicum "Catholic Strait" |
Propontis "Sea of Marmara" |
| Oceanus Procellarum "Ocean of Storms" |
Oceanus Philippicus "Philip's Ocean" |
Mare Mediterraneum "Mediterranean Sea" |
| Palus Nebularum |
||
| Palus Nimborum |
||
| Palus Putredinis |
||
| Palus Somni |
||
| Peninsula Deliriorum |
||
| Peninsula Fulgurum |
||
| Peninsula Fulminum |
||
| Sinus Æstuum "Bay of " |
||
| Sinus Epidemiarum "Bay of " |
||
| Sinus Iridum "Bay of Rainbows" |
Sinus Geometricus? "Geometers' Bay" |
|
| Sinus Roris "Bay of Dew" |
Sinus Principis "Prince's Bay" |
Sinus Hyperb(oreus) "Hyperborean Bay" |
| Stagnum Glaciei |
||
| Terra Caloris "Land of Heat" |
Terra Iustitiæ "Land of Justice" |
Ægyptus & Palæstina "Egypt and Palestine" |
| Terra Fertilitatis "Land of Fertility" |
Terra Dignititis (S) "Land of Worth" |
Persia "Iran" |
| Terra Grandinis "Land of Hail" |
Terra Virtutis "Land of Virtue" |
|
| Terra Manna "Land of Manna" |
Terra Temperantiæ "Land of Temperance" |
Colchis |
| Terra Nivium "Land of Snows" |
Montes Austriaci "Austrian Mountains" |
Romania & Italia |
| Terra Pruinæ "Land of Frost" |
Terra Laboris "Land of Labor" |
|
| Terra Sanitatis "Land of Health" |
Terra Dignitatis (N) "Land of Worth" |
Asia Minor
|
| Terra Siccitatis "Land of Drought" |
Terra Honoris "Land of Honor" |
[[Regio Hyperboria "Hyperborean Region" |
| Terra Sterilitatis "Land of Sterility" |
Libyæ Pars & Arabia "Part of Libya" and "Arabia" | |
| Terra Vigoris | Terra Pacis "Land of Peace" |
Sarmatiæ Asiaticæ Pars & Scythiæ Pars "Part of Asiatic Sarmatia and Part of Scythia" |
| Terra Vitæ "Land of Life" |
Terra Sapientiæ "Land of Wisdom" |
Sarmatiæ Europeæ Pars & Taurica Chersonesus "part of European Tauric Chersonese"
|
Features by Octant
| Octans | Terræ | Littores | Insulæ | Peninsulæ | Oceani | Maria | Sinus | Lacus | Paludes | Stagna |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | Pruinæ Siccitatis |
Eclipticum | Procellarum | Imbrium | Iridum Roris |
Putredinis | ||||
| II | Siccitatis Grandinis Nivium |
Frigoris Imbrium Vaporum |
Nebularum Putredinis |
Glaciei | ||||||
| III | Vitæ | Serenitatis Vaporum |
Mortis Somniorum |
|||||||
| IV | Vigoris Sanitatis |
Tranquilitatis Fecundidatis Crisium | ||||||||
| V | Sanitatis Manna |
Nectaris Fecunditatis | ||||||||
| VI | ||||||||||
| VII | Sterilitatis Caloris |
Deliriorum Fulgurum |
Humorum Nubium |
Epidemiarum | ||||||
| VIII | Caloris | Eclipticum | Ventorum | Procellarum | Æstuum | Nimborum |
Octant I
Anaximander Aristarchus Cleosteatus Ecphantus Eratosthenes Harpalus Heraclides Helicon Oenopides Pitheas Pythagoras Timocharis Xenophanes
Octant II
Anaxagoras Anaximen. Aratus Archimed. Architas Aristillus Aristotel. Autolicus Calippus Conon Democrit. Epigenes Euctemon Eudoxus Meton Philolaus Plato Timaeus Thales Theætet.
Octant III
Atlas Berosus Cepheus Geminus Endymion Hercules Hermes Higinius Manilius Menelaus Mercurius Messhala Osymandies Possidonius Sulpic. Gall. Zoroaster
Octant IV
Agrippa Alcuin. Ariadæus Beda Censorinus Cleomedes S. Dionys. Areop. Exiguus Firmicus Goclenius (or Goelenius) Iul. Cæsar Langrenus Macrob. Mark. Capella Proclus Plinius Plutarch. Seneca Sosigenes Taruntius Vitruuius
Octant V
Abenezra Abilfedea Alf... Almanon Azophi Claramontius Fabritius Fracastor. Fumen(i)us Geber Hipparchus Hypatia Metius Mulerius Neãder Petauius Piccolomin. Pontanus Rab. Leui Reitha Riccius Sacrobosc. S. Catharina S. Cyrill S. Isidorus S. Theophil. Santbec. Snellius Steuicus? Stiborius Tatius Theon iun. Theon sen. Vendelin. Zagut
Octant VI
Albategn. Aliacensis Alpehagati? Alphonsus Apianus Arzachel Barocius Bartolus Blanchinus Casatus Fernelius Gabeus Gauricus Gemma Fris. Gruemberger Gulielm-Haff Hagecius Homelius Licetus Lilij Longomontan. Maginus Malapet... Man... Maurolycus Moretus Mutus Nonius Orotnius Petiscus Ptolemaeus Purbachius Regiomontanus Scheiner Schomberger Simpelius Stoefler Thebis? Valtherus Zucchius
Octant VII
Bayerus Bulliadus Byrgius Campanus Capuanus Cichus Crugerus De... Eichstadius Fontana (crater) Gassendus Hainzelius Herigonius Iunctinus Kristmanus Mersenius Morinus Munosius Origanus Phocylides Profetius Rothmãnus Schikardus Schillerus Sirsalis Vietæ Zupus
Octant VIII
Bessa... Billy Caualerius Carolinus Copernicus Cusanus Dari.. Dom. Maria Eustachius Grimaldus Heuelius Hortens. Keplerus Lansbergius Linemannus Marius Milichius Moletius Reinerus Reinhold Rheticus Ricciolus Rocca Stadius
Elections of the Holy Roman Emperors
Elections of 1314
Dates: October 19 and October 20, 1314
Place: Frankfurt
Elected: and Louis V
Election of 1346
Date:
Place:
Electors:
- Walram von Jülich, Elector of Cologne (1332-1349)
Elected: Charles IV, King of Germany.
Election of 1348
Date: January 10, 1348
Place: Lahnstein
Elected: Edward III of England
This gathering of electors chose the King of England (then recently victorious in his war with France) as King in opposition to Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
Edward resigned the crown on May 10, 1348.
Election of 1349
Date: January 30, 1349
Place: Frankfurt
Electors:
- Gerlach von Nassau, Elector of Mainz (1346-1371)
- Rudolph II, Elector Palatine (1329-1353)
- Elector of Saxony(-Lauenburg)
- Louis, Elector of Brandenburg
Elected: Günther von Schwarzburg
Günther of Schwarzburg died on June 14, 1349.
Cities
- Belfaborac = Westminster
- Mildendo = London
Countries
Countries In Degulia (Europe)
- Allemannu = Germany (Holy Roman Empire)
- Aurista = Habsburg Austria
- Belgia = Dutch Republic
- Blefuscu = Kingdom of France
- Dankram = Kingdom of Denmark
- Hungruland = Kingdom of Hungary
- Iberia = Kingdom of Spain
- Itlascu = Italy, containing several sovereign principalities
- Koranbia = Ottoman Empire (Turkey) (inhabitants are called Koranbecs)
- Lilliput = Kingdom of Great Britain
- Lusitnia = Kingdom of Portugal
- Mausqueeta or Mausquetta = Russian Empire (Muscovy)
- Poldrand = Kingdom of Poland
- Swecte = Kingdom of Sweden
Colonies in Columbia (America, the New World)
- Cabu = Cuba
- Caronila = Carolina
- Gorgentia = Georgia
- New Lilliput = New England
- Noveborac = New York
- Penvasilia = Pennsylvania
- Zhamegol = Jamaica
Rulers of Lilliput
- Empress Ezila = Elizabeth I of England
- Emperor Jacomo I = James I of England
- Emperor Chorlo I = Charles I of England
- Clewmro = Oliver Cromwell
- Emperor Chorlo II = Charles II of England
- Emperor Jacomo II = James II of England
- Emperor Wimgul III = William III of England
- Empress Nana = Anne of Great Britain
- Emperor Gorgenti I = George I of Great Britain
- Emperor Gorgenti II = George II of Great Britain
- The Rednetrep (son of Jacomo II) = James Francis Edward Stuart
Members of the House of Clinabs (House of Commons)
- Pulnub, Wimgul = William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath
- The Prime Minister = Sir Robert Walpole
- Whethtoc, Gorgenti = George Heathcote
- Whind-Kotnot, Juanh = Sir John Hynde Cotton
- Wintinnong, Tsahom = Thomas Winnington
- Wimgul Ooynn, Waknits = Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 3rd Baronet
- Yegon, Wimgul = Sir William Yonge, 4th Baronet
Members of the House of Hurgoes (House of Lords)
- Hurgo Quadrert = John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville (until 1744 Baron Carteret)
- Hurgo Sholmlug = George Cholmondeley, 3rd Earl of Cholmondeley
- Hurgo Trinocleng = George Carpenter, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell
- The Nardac Poltrand = William Bentinck, 2nd Duke of Portland
- The Nardac Secretary of State = Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Names
Georgius Agricola 1494-1555, mineralogist Rodolphus Agricola 1443-1485, humanist Jacobus Arminius 1560-1609, theologian Andreas Cellarius 1596-1665, cartographer Johannes Cocceius 1603-1669, theologian Nicolaus Copernicus 1473-1543, astronomer Hugo Donellus 1527-1591, legal scholar Johannes Drusius 1550-1616, theologian
Desiderius Erasmus
1469-1536, humanist
Gemma Frisius 1508-1555, mathematician
Hugo Grotius 1583-1645, jurist
Alexander Hegius
1433-1498, humanist
Jodocus Hondius 1563-1612, cartographer
Johannes Janssonius 1588-1664, cartographer
Franciscus Junius 1545-1602
Franciscus Junius (the younger) 1591-1677, philologist
Leonardus Lessius 1554-1623
Justus Lipsius 1547-1606, humanist
Georgius Macropedius
1487-1558
Gerardus Mercator 1512-1594, cartographer
Johannes Oporinus 1507-1568, scholar in Greek
Abraham Ortelius 1527-1598, cartographer
Petrus Ramus 1515-1572 humanist
Beatus Rhenanus 1485-1547
Joseph Justus Scaliger 1540-1609
Rudolph Snellius 1546-1613
Willebrord Snellius 1580-1626
Adrianus Turnebus 1512-1565, classicist
Andreas Vesalius 1514-1564, physician
Gisbertus Voetius 1589-1676, theologian
Hermann Witsius 1636-1708, theologian
Swedes
- Johannes Magnus
- Olaus Magnus
- Israel Acrelius 1714-1800, missionary (hær.)
- Johann Afzelius1753-1837
- Laurentius Andreae c. 1470-1552
- Abraham Angermannus
- Svante Arrhenius 1859-1927 (hær.)
- Johan Baazius the younger, archbishop
- Erik Benzelius the elder1632-1709, archbishop
- Erik Benzelius the younger1675-1743, archbishop (hær.)
- Jakob Benzelius1683-1747, archbishop (hær.)
- Henrik Benzelius1689-1758, archbishop (hær.)
- Magnus Beronius 1692-1775, archbishop
- Jöns Jakob Berzelius1779-1848
- Andreas Laurentii Björnram 1520-1593, archbishop
- Nicolaus Olai Bothniensis
- John Campanius 1601-1683, missionary
- Anders Celsius 1701-1744 (hær.)
- Magnus Celsius 1621-1679
- Laurentius Paulinus Gothus 1565-1646, archbishop
- Dag Hartelius 1955-
- Artur Hazelius 1833-1901 (hær.)
- Petrus Kenicius, archbishop
- Lars Levi Læstadius1800-1861 clergyman and botanist
- Johannes Canuti Lenaeus, archbishop
- Carolus Linnaeus 1707-1778, taxonomist
- Olaus Martini, archbishop
- Oscar Montelius 1843-1921
- Laurentius Petri Nericius 1499-1573, reformer
- Olaus Petri 1493-1552, reformer
- Anders Jahan Retzius 1742-1821
- Anders Retzius 1796-1860 (hær.)
- Gustaf Retzius 1842-1919 (hær.)
- Erik Johan Stagnelius 1793-1823
- Johannes Steuchius, archbishop
- Mathias Steuchius, archbishop
- Lars Stigzelius 1598-1676, archbishop
- Olov Svebilius 1624-1700, archbishop
- Carl Johan Thyselius 1811-1891, politician (hær.)
- Arne Tiselius 1902-1971, biochemist
- Samuel Troilius, archbishop
- Johan Gottschalk Wallerius 1709-1785, chemist
New England in Presidential elections
- ^ One electoral vote cast for John Quincy Adams
- ^ a b c d One elector voted for Andrew Jackson.
- ^ One electoral vote cast for John Quincy Adams