Canton, Ohio
Canton, Ohio | ||
---|---|---|
City | ||
Area code 330 & 234 | | |
FIPS code | 39-12000 | |
GNIS feature ID | 1086974[4] | |
Website | www.cantonohio.gov |
Canton (
Founded in 1805 alongside the Middle and West Branches of
Canton is chiefly notable for being the home of the
Starting in the mid-2010s, Canton began experiencing an urban renaissance, anchored by a growing arts district centrally located in the downtown area.
History
Canton was founded in 1805, incorporated as a village in 1822, and reincorporated as a city in 1838.
For most of his adult life, Canton was the home of William McKinley, the 25th president of the United States. Born in Niles, Ohio, McKinley first practiced law in Canton around 1867, and was prosecuting attorney of Stark County from 1869 to 1871. The city was his home during his successful campaign for Ohio governor, the site of his front-porch presidential campaign of 1896 and the campaign of 1900.[16] Canton is now the site of the William McKinley Presidential Library and Museum and the McKinley National Memorial, dedicated in 1907.
Debs' antiwar speech
On June 16, 1918,
On June 30, 1918, Debs was arrested and charged with, among other things, “unlawfully, willfully and feloniously cause and attempt to cause and incite and attempt to incite, insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny and refusal of duty, in the military and naval forces of the United States.” Debs' trial began on September 10, 1918, in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio. On September 12, 1918, a jury found Debs guilty. He was sentenced to ten years in prison. On March 10, 1919, the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed the constitutionality of Debs' conviction in Debs v. United States.[20] Debs began serving his prison sentence on April 13, 1919, and remained incarcerated until September 25, 1921, when he was released after President Warren Harding commuted his sentence to time served.
The U.S. Supreme Court's decision affirming Debs' conviction was sharply criticized by legal scholars at the time and is generally regarded as a low point in First Amendment jurisprudence.[21] While Debs’ speech in Canton and subsequent conviction ultimately aided Debs in delivering the Socialist Party's antiwar platform, his age and the deleterious effects of prison exhausted his ability as an orator. Debs died of heart failure on October 20, 1926. In June 2017 Canton applied for and received a historic marker from the Ohio History Connection, formerly the Ohio Historical Society, to commemorate Debs' speech at Nimisilla Park and other historic events reflecting the park's importance as a gathering place for the community.[22]
Major companies
The Timken Company has been among the largest employers in Canton for nearly 100 years. In 1898, Henry Timken obtained a patent for the tapered roller bearing, and in 1899 incorporated as the Timken Roller Bearing Axle Company in St. Louis. In 1901, the company moved to Canton as the automobile industry began to overtake the carriage industry. Timken and his two sons chose this location because of its proximity to the American car manufacturing centers of Detroit and Cleveland and the American steel-making centers of Pittsburgh and Cleveland. By 1960, Timken had operations in the U.S., Canada, Great Britain, France, South Africa, Australia and Brazil.[23] The company changed its corporate structure in 2014; the roller bearing-producing part of the company was separated from the steel-producing part of the company, resulting in two separate companies. The Timken Company continues to manufacture roller bearings, while TimkenSteel produces steel.[24]
Today, TimkenSteel remains headquartered in Canton and employs 2,800 people, most of them in Northeast Ohio.[25] The company makes special bar quality steel, used in applications all over the world. The Timken Co. is now headquartered in Jackson Township, a suburb of Canton, and employs 14,000 people around the world.[26] The company designs, engineers, manufactures and sells bearings, transmissions, gearboxes, chain and related products, and offers a spectrum of power system rebuild and repair services around the globe.[27]
The Dueber-Hampden Watch Company was an important employer in Canton during the early 1920s. It formally organized in 1923, having previously consisted of two separate companies: the Dueber Watch Case Company and the Hampden Watch Company. In 1886, John Dueber, the owner of the Dueber Watch Case Company, purchased a controlling interest in the Hampden Watch Company. In 1888, he relocated the Hampden Watch Company from Springfield, Massachusetts and the Dueber Watch Case Company from Newport, Kentucky to Canton, Ohio. These two companies shared manufacturing facilities in Canton but remained two separate companies. The Dueber Watch Case Company and the Hampden Watch Company quickly became two of Canton's largest employers. In 1888, the companies' first year in Canton, they employed 2,300 Canton residents. In 1890, Canton's population was 26,337. Thanks to these two companies, Canton became an important center for watch manufacturing in the United States.[28] In 1927 the company went bankrupt, finally ceasing operations in the city in 1930. The machinery and tools were sold to the Amtorg Trading Corporation, one of Soviet Russia's buying agencies in the US, for $329.000. The company's massive brick factories, which covered more than 20 acres and included an ornate 150-foot clock tower, were demolished to accommodate the construction of Interstate 77.[29]
Football history
On September 17, 1920, a meeting was held at the
On December 6, 1959, the Canton Repository, a local newspaper, called for city officials to lobby the National Football League to create a football hall of fame in the community. Canton officials formally proposed their city as site for the hall of fame in 1961. The NFL quickly agreed to the city's proposal. To help convince NFL officials to locate the hall of fame in Canton, city officials donated several acres of land on Canton's north side to the project. Local residents also raised almost $400,000 to help construct the hall of fame.[32]
The Pro Football Hall of Fame formally opened on September 7, 1963. Initially the museum consisted of two buildings, but in 1971, 1978, 1995, and 2013, the Pro Football Hall of Fame experienced several expansions.[33] As of 2013, the museum consisted of five buildings, covering 118,000 square feet. Since its founding, over 10 million people have visited the Pro Football Hall of Fame.[34] "Welcome to Canton" is the official way of saying congratulations to a new enshrinee.
Geography
Topography
Canton is located at an elevation of 1,060 feet (323 m).[35] Nimishillen Creek and its East, Middle and West Branches flow through the city.[36]
Canton is bordered by Plain Township and North Canton to the north, Meyers Lake and Perry Township to the west, Canton Township to the South, and Nimishillen Township, Osnaburg Township and East Canton to the east. Annexations were approved in December 2006 extending Canton's eastern boundary to East Canton's border.[37][38]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 25.48 square miles (65.99 km2), of which 25.46 square miles (65.94 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) is water.[39]
Climate
Canton has a
Climate data for Canton, Ohio (Akron–Canton Airport), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1887–present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 73 (23) |
76 (24) |
83 (28) |
89 (32) |
94 (34) |
100 (38) |
102 (39) |
104 (40) |
99 (37) |
91 (33) |
80 (27) |
76 (24) |
104 (40) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 58.1 (14.5) |
60.1 (15.6) |
71.8 (22.1) |
80.8 (27.1) |
86.7 (30.4) |
91.3 (32.9) |
92.5 (33.6) |
90.6 (32.6) |
88.1 (31.2) |
79.8 (26.6) |
68.1 (20.1) |
59.9 (15.5) |
93.3 (34.1) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 35.5 (1.9) |
38.6 (3.7) |
48.4 (9.1) |
61.8 (16.6) |
72.3 (22.4) |
80.4 (26.9) |
84.3 (29.1) |
82.7 (28.2) |
75.9 (24.4) |
63.4 (17.4) |
50.7 (10.4) |
39.9 (4.4) |
61.2 (16.2) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 27.9 (−2.3) |
30.2 (−1.0) |
38.9 (3.8) |
50.8 (10.4) |
61.3 (16.3) |
69.9 (21.1) |
73.9 (23.3) |
72.3 (22.4) |
65.4 (18.6) |
53.7 (12.1) |
42.5 (5.8) |
33.0 (0.6) |
51.7 (10.9) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 20.3 (−6.5) |
21.9 (−5.6) |
29.4 (−1.4) |
39.8 (4.3) |
50.4 (10.2) |
59.4 (15.2) |
63.4 (17.4) |
61.9 (16.6) |
54.9 (12.7) |
44.0 (6.7) |
34.2 (1.2) |
26.1 (−3.3) |
42.1 (5.6) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | −1.3 (−18.5) |
3.1 (−16.1) |
11.0 (−11.7) |
24.3 (−4.3) |
35.5 (1.9) |
44.8 (7.1) |
52.6 (11.4) |
51.2 (10.7) |
41.1 (5.1) |
30.4 (−0.9) |
19.3 (−7.1) |
8.2 (−13.2) |
−3.5 (−19.7) |
Record low °F (°C) | −25 (−32) |
−20 (−29) |
−6 (−21) |
10 (−12) |
24 (−4) |
32 (0) |
41 (5) |
39 (4) |
29 (−2) |
20 (−7) |
−1 (−18) |
−16 (−27) |
−25 (−32) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.92 (74) |
2.44 (62) |
3.23 (82) |
3.86 (98) |
4.13 (105) |
4.43 (113) |
4.14 (105) |
3.61 (92) |
3.50 (89) |
3.34 (85) |
3.08 (78) |
2.89 (73) |
41.57 (1,056) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 13.4 (34) |
12.0 (30) |
7.6 (19) |
1.7 (4.3) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.3 (0.76) |
3.3 (8.4) |
8.9 (23) |
47.2 (120) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 17.8 | 14.5 | 14.2 | 14.6 | 14.1 | 12.4 | 11.8 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 12.0 | 12.5 | 16.0 | 159.9 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 13.3 | 10.0 | 6.7 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 3.4 | 9.5 | 45.3 |
Source: |
Address system
Canton's street layout forms the basis for the system of addresses in Stark County.[citation needed] Canton proper is divided into address quadrants (NW, NE, SW, SE) by Tuscarawas Street (dividing N and S) and Market Avenue (dividing E and W). Due to shifts in the street layout, the E–W divider becomes Cleveland Avenue south of the city, merging onto Ridge Road farther out. The directionals are noted as suffixes to the street name (e.g. Tuscarawas St W, 55th Street NE). Typically within the city numbered streets run east and west and radiate from the Tuscarawas Street baseline, while named avenues run north and south.
Neighborhoods
- Applecrest
- Avondale
- Colonial Heights
- Crystal Park[43]
- Downtown
- Dueber
- Edgefield
- Gibbs
- Harrison Hills
- Hills and Dales
- Harter Heights[44]
- Lathrop
- Market Heights[45]
- Mt. Vernon
- Ridgewood[46]
- Plain Center Estates
- Sherrick Road Corridor
- Shorb
- Summit
- Vassar Park[47]
- West Branch Park
- West Parkuser-generated source]
- Westbrook Veterans Memorial Park
The Ridgewood Historic District is a historic residential neighborhood in Canton that, due to its architectural significance, was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on December 19, 1982.[49] The neighborhood consists of preserved, architect-designed Revival style buildings of the Tudor, Georgian, and French-Norman styles built in the early 20th century with amenities such as original brick streets and locally produced street lighting standards.[50] The District features homes designed by several distinguished architects, including Charles Firestone,[51] Herman Albrecht,[52] and Louis Hoicowitz.[53]
Demographics
This section needs to be updated. The reason given is: Demographic data from the 2020 Census is now available.(August 2021) |
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1830 | 1,257 | — | |
1850 | 2,603 | — | |
1860 | 4,041 | 55.2% | |
1870 | 8,660 | 114.3% | |
1880 | 12,258 | 41.5% | |
1890 | 26,189 | 113.6% | |
1900 | 30,667 | 17.1% | |
1910 | 50,217 | 63.7% | |
1920 | 87,091 | 73.4% | |
1930 | 104,906 | 20.5% | |
1940 | 108,401 | 3.3% | |
1950 | 116,912 | 7.9% | |
1960 | 113,631 | −2.8% | |
1970 | 110,053 | −3.1% | |
1980 | 94,730 | −13.9% | |
1990 | 84,161 | −11.2% | |
2000 | 80,806 | −4.0% | |
2010 | 73,007 | −9.7% | |
2020 | 70,872 | −2.9% | |
Sources:[54][55][56][57][58] |
Canton is the largest principal city of the
2020 census
Race / Ethnicity | Pop 2010[60] | Pop 2020[61] | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
49,591 | 43,132 | 67.92% | 60.85% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
17,501 | 17,351 | 23.97% | 24.48% |
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
274 | 223 | 0.37% | 0.31% |
Asian alone (NH) | 243 | 295 | 0.33% | 0.41% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 21 | 35 | 0.02% | 0.04% |
Some Other Race alone (NH) | 255 | 610 | 0.34% | 0.86% |
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 3,223 | 5,650 | 4.41% | 7.97% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 1,899 | 3,576 | 2.60% | 5.04% |
Total | 73,007 | 70,872 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
2010 census
As of the census
There were 29,705 households, of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.8% were married couples living together, 21.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.3% were non-families. 35.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 3.04.
The median age in the city was 35.6 years. 25.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.6% were from 25 to 44; 25.6% were from 45 to 64; and 12.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.4% male and 52.6% female.
2000 census
As of the census
There were 32,489 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.1% were married couples living together, 19.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.1% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.04.
In the city the age distribution of the population shows 26.6% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $28,730, and the median income for a family was $35,680. Males had a median income of $30.628 versus $21,581 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,544. About 15.4% of families and 19.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.4% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
Canton's economy has traditionally been primarily industrial, with significant health care and agricultural segments.
Since 2000, Canton has experienced a very low unemployment rate.
Beginning in the 1970s, Canton, like many mid-size American cities, lost most of its downtown retail business to the suburbs. The majority of the Canton area's "box store" retail is located in the general vicinity of the
The city's economy has diversified due to the decline of the
Principal employers
According to Canton's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[72] the top employers in the city are:
# | Employer | # of employees | % of city employment |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Aultman Hospital | 7,500 | 17.48% |
2 | Timken Steel | 2,830 | 9.03% |
3 | Stark County | 2,532 | 8.08% |
4 | Mercy Medical | 2,500 | 7.97% |
5 | Canton City Schools | 2,260 | 7.21% |
6 | City of Canton | 985 | 3.14% |
7 | Fresh Mark Inc. | 873 | 2.78% |
8 | The M. K. Morse Company | 460 | 1.47% |
9 | Republic Steel | 400 | 1.28% |
10 | Nationwide | 320 | 1.02% |
Total | 18,640 | 59.45% |
Arts and culture
The
Canton has the main branch of Stark County District Library.[74]
Sports
Football
Canton is home to the
Canton is the home of the annual Pro Football Hall of Fame Enshrinement Festival, which includes a
Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium, used during the regular season by Canton McKinley High School (as well as some other area schools and colleges), was rated the number one high school football venue in America by the Sporting News in 2002.[76] This may be partly attributable to the Bulldogs' rivalry with the nearby Massillon Washington High School Tigers.[77] All seven of the Ohio High School Athletic Association state final football games are hosted in Canton at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium.
The
For the 2023
Other
The first official female bodybuilding competition was held in Canton in November 1977 and was called the Ohio Regional Women's Physique Championship.[79]
For 10 seasons, Canton was home to an
The
Canton has been home to professional baseball on several occasions. A number of minor league teams called Canton home in the early 1900s, including the
Canton is home to the Bluecoats Drum and Bugle Corps, a world-class competitor in Drum Corps International.[81] The Bluecoats have been a part of the "top five" finalists in the DCI World Championships since 2013, and took home the Founders' Trophy in 2016, with their show entitled "Down Side Up".[82]
Government
Local
Canton has a mayor–council government and is the largest city in Ohio to operate without a charter. The city council is divided among nine wards with three at-large seats and the council president. The 2018–2019 elected officials of the City of Canton consist of:
Position | Name |
---|---|
Mayor | Thomas M. Bernabei[83] |
Council President | William Sherer II[84] |
Council at-Large | James Babcock (Assistant Majority Leader)[85] |
Council at-Large | Louis Giavasis[86] |
Council at-Large | Bill Smuckler (Majority Leader)[87] |
Council Ward 1 | Greg Hawk[88] |
Council Ward 2 | Brenda Kimbrough[89] |
Council Ward 3 | Jason Scaglione[90] |
Council Ward 4 | Chris Smith[91] |
Council Ward 5 | Robert Fisher[92] |
Council Ward 6 | Kevin D. Hall[93] |
Council Ward 7 | John Mariol II[94] |
Council Ward 8 | Peter Ferguson[95] |
Council Ward 9 | Frank Morris[96] |
Auditor | Richard A. Mallon II[97] |
Treasurer | Kim Perez[98] |
Law Director | Kristen Bates Aylward[99] |
State
Canton is represented by the following office holders at the Ohio state government:
Position | Name |
---|---|
State Senator | Kirk Schuring (R)[100] |
State Representative | Thomas West (D)[101] |
Federal
The City of Canton is represented by the following U.S. federal officials:
Position | Name |
---|---|
U.S. Senator | Sherrod Brown (D)[102] |
U.S. Senator | J. D. Vance (R)[103] |
U.S. Representative | Emilia Sykes (D)[104] |
U.S. Representative | Bill Johnson (R)[105] |
Education
Canton's K-12 students are primarily served by the public Canton City School District, which included eight elementary schools, three middle schools, and two high schools, in addition to alternative education centers.[106] A portion of northern Canton is included in the Plain Local School District, and another overlap exists with the suburban Canton Local School District.[107]
Catholic grade schools within Canton are St. Peter, St. Joseph, and Our Lady of Peace. Additional Catholic schools in the immediate area include St. Michael the Archangel School (PK–8) and Central Catholic High School (9–12).[108] There is also Heritage Christian School (K–12), a Christian grade school and high school. Canton Country Day School is a private PreK–8 school located just outside city limits founded as part of the Country Day School movement. Within the city limits is the private Canton Montessori School, which teaches according to the Montessori Plan for education proposed by Maria Montessori in the early 20th century.
Media
Canton is served in print by The Repository, the city's only newspaper.
TV
Canton is part of the
Canton also has a
Radio
Though it's part of the Cleveland TV market, Canton is its own radio market, served by stations such as
Transportation
Canton is connected to the Interstate Highway System via Interstate 77, which connects Canton to Marietta to the south and Cleveland to the north.[110] U.S. Route 30 connects Canton to Wooster westward and East Liverpool eastward. U.S. Route 62 connects Canton to Millersburg to the southwest and to Youngstown to the northeast.
The city has several
Until 1990,
Notable people
Sister cities
Canton has two
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{{cite web}}
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