Desquamative gingivitis
| Desquamative gingivitis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | DG |
| Specialty | Periodontology  |
Desquamative gingivitis is an erythematous (red), desquamatous (shedding) and ulcerated appearance of the gums.[1] It is a descriptive term and can be caused by several different disorders.[2]
Signs and symptoms
Desquamative gingivitis involves
alveolar mucosa.[3] The term "full width gingivitis" usually refers to the oral lesions of orofacial granulomatosis however.[4] The color is another dissimilarity between typical marginal gingivitis and desquamative gingivitis, in the latter it is dusky red.[3] Plasma cell gingivitis is another form of gingivitis which affects both the attached and free gingiva.[1]
Cause
Caused by various autoimmune diseases as well as allergies. Erosive lichen planus,
mucous membrane pemphigoid
, pemphigus vulgaris, erythema exsudativum multiforme and lupus erythematosus.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Desquamative gingivitis is a descriptive clinical term, not a diagnosis.
- Oral lichen planus[1]
- Pemphigus vulgaris[1]
- Linear immunoglobulin A disease[1]
- Dermatitis herpetiformis[1]
- Lupus erythematosus[1]
- Chronic ulcerative stomatitis[1]
- Chronic bacterial, fungal, and viral infections[1]
- Reactions to medications, mouthwashes, and chewing gum[1]
Rare causes include:
- Crohn's disease[1]
- Sarcoidosis[1]
- Leukemia[1]
- factitious (self inflicted) lesions[1]
- Squamous cell carcinoma (can be mistaken for desquamative gingivitis)[1]
Treatment
- Improving oral hygiene
- Minimising irritation of the lesions
- Specific therapies for the underlying disease (where available)
- Local or systemic immunosuppressive or dapsone therapy (notably not corticosteroids)
History
This condition was first recognized and reported in 1894, but the term desquamative gingivitis was not coined until 1932.[1]
References
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4377-0416-7.
- PMID 18166088.
- ^ OCLC 427608817.
- ISBN 978-0-19-957491-9.