Hortaea werneckii
| Hortaea werneckii | |
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| Micrograph of the fungus Hortaea werneckii | |
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| Species: | H. werneckii
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| Binomial name | |
| Hortaea werneckii (Horta) Nishim. & Miyaji (1984)
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Hortaea werneckii is a species of
Several salt-tolerance mechanisms of H. werneckii have been studied on molecular level.[4] For example, it is known that its major compatible solutes are glycerol, erythritol, arabitol, and mannitol; melanin accumulation of the cell wall aids in retention of at least glycerol inside of the cell.[3] Several components of the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling pathway (which controls responses to osmotic shock) have been studied in detail and some seem to differ in function compared to their counterparts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.[5][6][7] Adaptation to high concentrations of salt are also accompanied by changes in membrane lipid composition, mainly by increasing the unsaturation of the phospholipid fatty acids.[8][9]
H. werneckii causes a rare superficial and non-invasive skin infection tinea nigra.[10] The typical symptoms are non-scaly, smooth, brown-black painless spots on the palms of hands and soles of feet.
The growth of H. werneckii in liquid media is often yeast-like, although it can switch to filamentous growth. The mechanism of the switch is not known. The cells appear brown because of melanin production.[3]
A homothallic mating locus was found in all sequenced genomes, although one of the mating genes may have been inactivated in some strains. Despite this, phylogenetic analyses and linkage disequilibrium analyses indicate that H. werneckii is asexual.[14]