Martinus J. G. Veltman

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Martinus J. G. Veltman
Gerardus 't Hooft
  • Peter van Nieuwenhuizen
  • Bernard de Wit

    • Martinus Justinus Godefriedus "Tini" Veltman (Dutch pronunciation:

    particle theory.[6]

    Biography

    Martinus Justinus Godefriedus Veltman was born in Waalwijk, Netherlands, on 27 June 1931. His father was the head of the local primary school. Three of his father's siblings were primary school teachers. His mother's father was a contractor and also ran a café. He was the fourth child in a family with six children. He started studying mathematics and physics at Utrecht University in 1948.[7]

    As a youth he had a great interest in radio electronics, which was a difficult hobby to work on because the occupying German army had confiscated most of the available radio equipment.[7]

    In 1955, he became an assistant to Prof. Michels of the Van Der Waals laboratory in Amsterdam. Michels was an experimental physicist, working in high pressure physics. His primary task was the upkeep of a large library collection and occasional lecture preparations for Michels.

    His research career advanced when he moved to Utrecht to work under Léon Van Hove in 1955. He received his MSc degree in 1956, after which he was drafted into military service for two years, returning in February 1959. Van Hove then hired him as a doctoral researcher. He obtained his PhD degree in theoretical physics in 1963 and became professor at Utrecht University in 1966.[7]

    In 1960, Van Hove became director of the theory division at

    Berkeley, though she now works in the financial industry in London.[7]

    In 1963/64, during an extended stay at

    SLAC he designed the computer program Schoonschip for symbolic manipulation of mathematical equations, which is now considered the very first computer algebra system
    .

    Veltman was closely involved in the 1963 CERN neutrino experiment, analyzing images as they were generated by the detectors. When no spectacular events came out, enthusiasm waned, and after a while Veltman and Bernardini were the only ones analyzing the images. As a result, Veltman became the spokesman for the group at the Brookhaven Conference in 1963.[7]

    In 1971,

    Gerardus 't Hooft, who was completing his PhD under the supervision of Veltman, renormalized Yang–Mills theory. They showed that if the symmetries of Yang–Mills theory were to be realized in the spontaneously broken mode, referred to as the Higgs mechanism, then Yang–Mills theory can be renormalized.[8][9]
    Renormalization of Yang–Mills theory is a major achievement of twentieth century physics.

    In 1980, Veltman became member of the

    University of Michigan-Ann Arbor,[11]
    from where he retired in 1996. [12] He subsequently moved back to the Netherlands.

    Eventually, he shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1999 with 't Hooft, "for elucidating the quantum structure of

    electroweak interactions in physics".[7] Veltman and 't Hooft joined in the celebrations at Utrecht University
    when the prize was awarded.

    In 2003, Veltman published a book about particle physics for a broad audience, entitled Facts and Mysteries in Elementary Particle Physics.

    On 4 January 2021, Veltman died in his home in Bilthoven, the Netherlands.[13]

    Asteroid

    9492 Veltman
    is named in his honor.

    See also

    Bibliography

    • Veltman, M. "Perturbation Theory of Massive Yang-Mills Fields", Utrecht Rijksuniversiteit (Netherlands). Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica. Paris Univ., Orsay (France). Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies, (Aug. 1968).
    • Veltman, M. & J. Yellin. "Some Comments on the Decays of eta (550)", Brookhaven National Laboratory, United States Department of Energy (through predecessor agency the Atomic Energy Commission), July 1966.
    • Veltman, M. Facts and Mysteries in Elementary Particle Physics, World Scientific Publishing, 2003.
      ISBN 981-238-149-X
      .

    References

    1. ^ In isolation, Martinus, Justinus and Godefriedus are pronounced [mɑrˈtinʏs], [jʏsˈtinʏs] and [ɣoːdəˈfridʏs].
    2. ISBN 9789044652970
      .
    3. ^ "Nobelprijswinnaar Martin Veltman (1931) overleden". NRC (in Dutch).
    4. ^ "Nobelprijswinnaar Martinus Veltman (89) overleden". Telegraaf. 6 January 2021.
    5. ^ "Martinus Veltman (1931 – 2021)". CERN. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
    6. ^ Iliopoulos, John; Maiani, Luciano (20 January 2021). "Martinus Justinus Godefriedus Veltman (1931 – 2021)". CERN. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
    7. ^ a b c d e f Martinus J. G. Veltman on Nobelprize.org Edit this at Wikidata
    8. hdl:1874/4845
      .
    9. ^ "Regularization and Renormalization of Gauge Fields by 't Hooft and Veltman (PDF)" (PDF).
    10. ^ "Martinus Veltman". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020.
    11. ^ "Nobel Prize winners - Organisation - Universiteit Utrecht". www.uu.nl.
    12. ^ "Martinus Justinus Godefriedus Veltman". www.newnetherlandinstitute.org.
    13. ^ "Nobel prize winner Martinus Veltman passed away - News - Universiteit Utrecht". www.uu.nl. 6 January 2021. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021.

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